Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Facial Nerve

1989 ◽  
Vol 101 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald G. Wortham ◽  
Louis M. Teresi ◽  
Robert B. Lufkin ◽  
William N. Hanafee ◽  
Paul H. Ward
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mr Images ◽  
Beam Hardening ◽  
Parotid Tumors ◽  
Seventh Nerve ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the facial nerve was evaluated by studying normal volunteers and patients with diseases of the facial nerve with a 0.3 Tesla permanent-magnet MRI system with special surface colls. The normal MR images were correlated with the anatomy of thin cryosection specimens of fresh cadavers. The seventh nerve was followed from its nucleus in the brainstem through the temporal bone to the parotid gland bed. The entire labyrinth and tympanic portions, as well as the geniculate ganglion, could be shown with appropriate scan planes. Examples of brainstem diseases affecting the facial nerve and nucleus, facial neuromas, parotid tumors involving the facial nerve, and other diseases were studied. MRI is a technique that allows unique evaluation of the entire course of the facial nerve. It produces superior Images of the facial nerve with high-contrast resolution. Unlike computed tomography, there is no beam-hardening artifact from the temporal bone or exposure to ionizing radiation and contrast agents. MRI also allows visualization of the main trunks of the facial nerve in the parotid bed not possible with any other imaging technique.

scholarly journals Sequential MR Images and Radiographs of Epiphyseal Osteomyelitis in the Distal Femur of an Infant

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Hitomi Hara ◽  
Toshihiro Akisue ◽  
Teruya Kawamoto ◽  
Masahiro Kurosaka
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Early Phase ◽  
Therapeutic Response ◽  
Distal Femur ◽  
Acute Osteomyelitis ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mr Images ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays an important role in the diagnosis of osteomyelitis, especially during the early phase of the disease. The findings of sequential MRIs during the course of treatment in acute osteomyelitis in children have not yet been reported in the literature. We present a case of acute epiphyseal osteomyelitis in the distal femur of an infant. We monitored imaging changes by sequential MRIs and radiographs. MRI was more useful than radiograph for early diagnosis and evaluation of therapeutic response.

scholarly journals Clinical and Prognostic Significance of Femoral Marrow Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients With Malignant Lymphoma

Blood ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 286-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saburo Tsunoda ◽  
Shojiro Takagi ◽  
Osamu Tanaka ◽  
Yasusada Miura
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Malignant Lymphoma ◽  
Spin Echo ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mr Images ◽  
Bone Marrow Histology ◽  
Recovery Technique ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Abstract We evaluated 56 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed lymphoma including 48 with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and 8 with Hodgkin's disease to determine the clinical and prognostic significance of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the femoral marrow. MR images of the femoral marrow were obtained by the T1-weighted spin echo method and the short TI inversion recovery technique. Abnormal “positive” images were seen in 29 of the 56 patients (52%). All 17 patients with positive biopsy results showed abnormal images on their femoral marrow MRI. Three “positive” MRI patterns — scattered (72%), uniform (21%), and nodular (7%) — were observed. The overall survival of the patients with a positive MRI pattern was significantly poorer than that of patients with a normal pattern (P = .0129). Survival did not differ significantly according to MRI pattern. The 3-year survival rate in the patients with a normal MRI pattern was 89.9% and in the patients with a positive MRI pattern, it was 41.0%. This difference was statistically significant (P = .0279) when we evaluated only the patients with NHL. Patients with positive MRI patterns, but a normal bone marrow histology, showed a significantly shorter survival than those with a normal MRI pattern (P = .016). These results indicate that abnormal MR images of the femoral marrow are associated with a significantly poorer survival in patients with malignant lymphoma, regardless of histologic findings in the marrow.

Stiffness Characterization Using a Dynamic Heart Phantom and Magnetic Resonance Imaging

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Chang Yan ◽  
Mary Kate McDonough ◽  
James J. Pilla ◽  
Chun Xu
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Motion Tracking ◽  
Myocardial Strain ◽  
The United States ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mr Images ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
And Function

Heart disease is the number one cause of death in the United States [1]. Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) technology can be used to diagnose and evaluate a number of diseases and conditions such as coronary artery disease, damage caused by a heart attack, heart failure, and heart valve problems etc. Given the inherent difficulty in imaging the heart in motion, many efforts have been made to improve cardiac motion tracking and eliminate motion related artifacts. A dynamic heart phantom (DHP) capable of simulating true physiological motions is a valuable research tool for improving quality of MR images and determining critical diagnostic information. For instance, MR images have been used to quantify myocardial strain and estimate soft tissue material parameters and in turn to learn about cardiac structure and function [2–4]. In these studies, heart phantoms made of rubber like materials with known material properties are often used as a mean of validation.

Design of a Dedicated Five Degree-of-Freedom Magnetic Resonance Imaging Compatible Robot for Image Guided Prostate Biopsy

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Longquan Chen ◽  
Torben Paetz ◽  
Volker Dicken ◽  
Scheherazade Krass ◽  
Jumana Al Issawi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Target Point ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mr Images ◽  
Software Application ◽  
Prostate Biopsies ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

In order to improve the current clinical application of magnetic resonance (MR)-guided prostate biopsies, a new, fully magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-compatible solution has been developed. This solution consists of a five degree-of-freedom (5DOF) pneumatic robot, a programmable logic controller (PLC), and a software application for visualization and robot control. The robot can be freely positioned on the MR table. For the calibration of the robot and MR coordinate system, the robot’s needle guide (NG) is used. The software application supports the calibration with image segmentation and graphic overlays and guides the user through the interventional planning process. After selecting a target point, the application calculates the needed movements via solving the kinematics of the robot and translating the adjustment into commands for the PLC driving the step motors of the robot. In case further adjustments are required, the software also allows for manual control of the robot, to position the NG according to the acquired MR images.

Model Studies of Nonsteady Flow Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging

1990 ◽  
Vol 112 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ding-Yu Fei ◽  
Kenneth A. Kraft ◽  
Panos P. Fatouros
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Velocity Profiles ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mr Images ◽  
Model Studies ◽  
Physiological Limits ◽  
Theoretical Predictions ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

A bolus-tracking magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) method has been employed to measure velocity profiles for oscillatory flow with and without a steady flow component as well as pulsatile flow in an axisymmetric tube model. A range of flow conditions within normal physiological limits was tested. The imaged velocity profiles were observed to be generally in accord with theoretical predictions. Instantaneous flow rates calculated from the MR images agreed well with those assessed using an ultrasonic flowmeter. Because MRI is noninvasive and poses few risks to subjects, this technique is potentially useful for studying vascular hemodynamics in vivo.

Accuracy of endorectal Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Dynamic Contrast Enhanced-MRI (DCE-MRI) in the preoperative local staging of prostate cancer

2012 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Baccos ◽  
Riccardo Schiavina ◽  
Ziv Zukerman ◽  
Fiorenza Busato ◽  
Caterina Gaudianol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Radical Prostatectomy ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mr Images ◽  
Dce Mri ◽  
Local Staging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Background The proper management of newly diagnosed prostate cancer (PCa) requires the choice of the appropriate treatment plan. A crucial factor is the accurate evaluation of the tumor local extension. The Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) plays an important role in the local staging of prostate cancer, although its use in clinical practice is widely debated. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of T2-weighted MR imaging in association with DCE-MRI, performed using an endorectal coil, in preoperative local staging of patients with prostate cancer, by using the histopathologic findings as the reference standard. Materials and Methods From April 2010 to May 2011, 65 patients (mean age, 65 years; range, 51–77 years) with clinical localized PCa, underwent radical prostatectomy at our institution, performed by 2 experienced surgeons. All patients were prospectively evaluated with eMRI in association with DCE-MRI prior to radical prostatectomy. In all patients MRI was performed at least 6 weeks after biopsy and within 2 weeks before Radical Prostatectomy (RP). Histologic analysis was our diagnostic “gold standard”. To ensure that the histopathological findings matched with MR images, the assessment of radiological images and the RP specimens were performed dividing the prostate in 14 regions. Results First, we performed a “per-patient” analysis, considering the entire prostate as a single region. Then, we performed a “per-emigland” analysis, finally a “per-region” analysis. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and AUC in predicting ECE in the analysis “per-emigland” were respectively 66.7, 95.7, 66.7, 95.7, 0.824. The evaluation of SVI reported similar results: 62.5, 97.5, 62.5, 97.5, 0.797. DCE-MRI did not improve the diagnostic accuracy of T1-T2-weighted MR images in the evaluation of ECE or SVI. Conclusions T1-, T2-weighted MRI adds important information regarding the preoperative local staging of PCa. DCE-MRI does not improve the diagnostic accuracy of MRI in the local staging of PCa.

scholarly journals Creating 3D visualizations of MRI data: A brief guide

F1000Research ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher R. Madan
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mr Images ◽  
Local View ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Fmri Analysis ◽  
3D Information ◽  
2D And 3D

While magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data is itself 3D, it is often difficult to adequately present the results papers and slides in 3D. As a result, findings of MRI studies are often presented in 2D instead. A solution is to create figures that include perspective and can convey 3D information; such figures can sometimes be produced by standard functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) analysis packages and related specialty programs. However, many options cannot provide functionality such as visualizing activation clusters that are both cortical and subcortical (i.e., a 3D glass brain), the production of several statistical maps with an identical perspective in the 3D rendering, or animated renderings. Here I detail an approach for creating 3D visualizations of MRI data that satisfies all of these criteria. Though a 3D ‘glass brain’ rendering can sometimes be difficult to interpret, they are useful in showing a more overall representation of the results, whereas the traditional slices show a more local view. Combined, presenting both 2D and 3D representations of MR images can provide a more comprehensive view of the study’s findings.

scholarly journals Clinical and Prognostic Significance of Femoral Marrow Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients With Malignant Lymphoma

Blood ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 286-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saburo Tsunoda ◽  
Shojiro Takagi ◽  
Osamu Tanaka ◽  
Yasusada Miura
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Malignant Lymphoma ◽  
Spin Echo ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mr Images ◽  
Bone Marrow Histology ◽  
Recovery Technique ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

We evaluated 56 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed lymphoma including 48 with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and 8 with Hodgkin's disease to determine the clinical and prognostic significance of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the femoral marrow. MR images of the femoral marrow were obtained by the T1-weighted spin echo method and the short TI inversion recovery technique. Abnormal “positive” images were seen in 29 of the 56 patients (52%). All 17 patients with positive biopsy results showed abnormal images on their femoral marrow MRI. Three “positive” MRI patterns — scattered (72%), uniform (21%), and nodular (7%) — were observed. The overall survival of the patients with a positive MRI pattern was significantly poorer than that of patients with a normal pattern (P = .0129). Survival did not differ significantly according to MRI pattern. The 3-year survival rate in the patients with a normal MRI pattern was 89.9% and in the patients with a positive MRI pattern, it was 41.0%. This difference was statistically significant (P = .0279) when we evaluated only the patients with NHL. Patients with positive MRI patterns, but a normal bone marrow histology, showed a significantly shorter survival than those with a normal MRI pattern (P = .016). These results indicate that abnormal MR images of the femoral marrow are associated with a significantly poorer survival in patients with malignant lymphoma, regardless of histologic findings in the marrow.

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