scholarly journals The openness buzz in the knowledge economy: Towards taxonomy

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 975-989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Lundgren ◽  
Hans Westlund
Keyword(s):  
Open Economy ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Governance Structure ◽  
Open Government ◽  
New Institutional Theory ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
Strong Relation ◽  
Analytical Tools

In the networked information and knowledge-based economy and society, the notions of ‘open’ and ‘openness’ are used in a variety of contexts; open source, open access, open economy, open government, open innovation – just to name a few. This paper aims at discussing openness and developing a taxonomy that may be used to analyse the concept of openness. Are there different qualities of openness? How are these qualities interrelated? What analytical tools may be used to understand openness? In this paper four qualities of openness recurrent in literature and debate are explored: accessibility, transparency, participation and sharing. To further analyse openness new institutional theory as interpreted by Williamson (2000) is used, encompassing four different institutional levels; cultural embeddedness, institutional environment, governance structure and resource allocations. At what institutional levels is openness supported and/or constrained? Accessibility as a quality of openness seems to have a particularly strong relation to the other qualities of openness, whereas the notions of sharing and collaborative economics seem to be the most complex and contested quality of openness in the knowledge-based economy. This research contributes to academia, policy and governance, as handling of challenges with regard to openness vs. closure in different contexts, territorial, institutional and/or organizational, demand not only a better understanding of the concept, but also tools for analysis.

Convergence of Cultural and Historical Heritage Financing Models as a Factor in the Development of Knowledge-Based Economy in Russia

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 803
Author(s):  
Liudmila Vladimirovna GORYAINOVA ◽  
Igor Semenovich KRISHTAL ◽  
Olga Dmitrievna KUZNETSOVA ◽  
Ekaterina Gennadievna LISOVSKAYA
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Capital ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Private Investment ◽  
Spiritual Values ◽  
Process Technology ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
Historical Objects ◽  
Historical Heritage

The article substantiates the importance of the synthesis of new spiritual values and traditional cultural and historical objects for increasing human capital asset in knowledge-based economy conditions, which necessitates an increase in their funding. The role of the cultural capital as a theoretical basis of heritage research is revealed. It is demonstrated that the concept of the cultural capital, linking the economic and cultural spheres, leads to an understanding of the regularity of expectations of return on investment in cultural heritage objects and thus develops integration processes: objects are involved in economic activity, becoming attractive to investors. The hypothesis of convergence of cultural and historical heritage objects financing models was put forward and confirmed, the results of which are: the formation of a new financing model and heritage ecosystem, including actors in the process, technology, funding and institutional environment. The features of a new model of cultural heritage financing are revealed: the use by the state, along with budgetary allocations, of indirect support measures through tax preferences and social technologies, as well as the attraction of private investment through public-private partnerships, charity, grants, endowment funds.

scholarly journals Rola zasobów intelektualnych w procesach integracji europejskiej

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 25-34
Author(s):  
Monika Borowiec
Keyword(s):  
International Cooperation ◽  
Scientific Activity ◽  
Tertiary Level ◽  
Personal Traits ◽  
Significant Differentiation ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Regional Systems ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy

Increasing the potential and quality of the intellectual resources of a society by the means of higher education (which in consequence leads to an acceleration in the development of a knowledge- based economy) plays a very important role in the intensifying process of integration. This article presents activities supporting research and scientific activity and international cooperation among European Union states and the consequent differentiation of intellectual resources in national and regional systems in the light of selected indices and synthetic measures. Furthermore, the role of personal traits and attitudes towards enterprise, which enable active participation in the integration process, is also emphasised. The analyses conducted indicate that there is a significant differentiation in the potential and the quality of intellectual resources in the European zone. A highly competitive position of national and regional systems largely results from various levels of social development, the policies within the scope of the shaping of a knowledge-based economy and financial backing given to research and development activities and tertiary-level education, combined with international cooperation in these areas. The levelling of any existing discrepancies in Europe should take place by means of increasing the quality of intellectual resources.

scholarly journals The Development of the Romanian Academic Research on the Academy of Economic Studies

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roxana SARBU
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Scientific Development ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
European Area ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
The One ◽  
Educational Market ◽  
Economic Studies

Interdisciplinary academic research is one way to improve education quality via research as this implies scientific development, incorporating high technology into academic processes as well as formulating innovation-driven processes and services. Having these objectives in mind, the current project seeks to act along two major directions: on the one hand, improving the quality of academic research, on the other hand boosting its efficiency and noteworthiness on a world scale. The first vista aims to strengthen academic research capacities, which must be achieved by having education processes meet knowledge-based economy exigencies. From the perspective of this research under discussion, this paper explores the effects of European integration on the quality of Romanian economic higher education in its positioning on the European educational market and the attempts to define its specific profile in the central and eastern-European area. The authors raise questions regarding the roles universities want to play in the future, regarding the awareness towards the needs of the institutions, the needs of the teaching and research staff and, mainly, the needs of the students. On a particularly aggressive market, it becomes necessary that Romanian academic research and higher education on the Academy of Economic Studies should reflect on the first lessons which the new status of the country's European Union membership gives to the Romanian prestigious universities.

The development of ecosystems for technology transfer in Mexico: the role of Patenting Centers

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 333-347
Author(s):  
Luis Felipe Beltrán-Morales ◽  
David J Jefferson ◽  
Ileana Serrano Fraire ◽  
Monica Alandete-Saez
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Biological Research ◽  
Research Institutions ◽  
Ip Protection ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
Building Activities

In this article, we evaluate an initiative recently launched by the national government in Mexico to create ‘Patenting Centers’ in various universities and research institutions in diverse regions of the country. We focus particularly on elucidating how the installation of these Patenting Centers has augmented the number of national filings for intellectual property (IP) protection, and how the Centers have contributed to increasing the quality of IP applications. Furthermore, we analyze how the Mexican Patenting Centers have qualitatively contributed to fostering local cultures of innovation, for example through capacity-building activities directed towards scientific researchers. We also attempt to understand how the Patenting Centers have supported processes of technology transfer and commercialization, which we evaluate by examining a case study from the Northwest Biological Research Center (CIBNOR). Our findings indicate that the Mexican Patenting Centers have contributed to increasing IP protection activity in various regions of the country, and that they have augmented interactions between public research institutions and the productive sector. We conclude with suggestions for how the Patenting Center model may be further assessed in the future, to ensure that the government's mission of fostering endogenous innovation and the creation of a knowledge-based economy may continue to be realized.

scholarly journals Kształcenie na poziomie akademickim jako czynnik przygotowania kadr dla przemysłu województwa podkarpackiego

2008 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 245-266
Author(s):  
Monika Borowiec
Keyword(s):  
Regional Development ◽  
Educational System ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Regional Systems ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
Regional System

In the process of development of knowledge – based economy, education and science become essential factors leading to the improvement of intellectual resources, which influences the competitiveness of national and regional systems. The development of scientific and educational function takes place in different kinds of educational institutions. The academic centers are important elements of social-economie structure, which determine the process of formation of the regional development poles and increase of competitiveness of the regional system. The quality of intellectual supplies in the industry depends on the educational system and the structure of courses. The author emphasizes the role of education in the development of innovations and industry of the Podkarpackie Voivodeship.

scholarly journals Quality of employment in small firms

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Cristian UȚĂ
Keyword(s):  
Small Firms ◽  
Publishing House ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Strategic Objective ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
Sustainable Economic Growth

The strategic objective of the European Union set out in Lisbon is to become the most competitive and dynamic knowledge-based economy capable of delivering sustainable economic growth, increasing employment and developing greater social cohesion. At the heart of this strategy are businesses, and given that the vast majority of them are SMEs (less than 250 employees), policies to achieve this are focused on them. At the same time, improving the quality of work and working conditions is still an important objective on the European political agenda due to multiple socio-economic implications. In this context, the work "Quality of Employment in Small Companies" by Daniela Paşnicu and Gabriela Tănase is very current. Appeared in 2017 at the University Publishing House, the paper is structured in five chapters.

scholarly journals E-Governance in Republic of Srpska - Challenges and Prospects

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalibor Drljača ◽  
Branko Latinović
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Public Services ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
New Public ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government

In order to ensure quality of life of its citizens, the European Union member states are in the process of modernisation of their public services through utilization of information and communication technologies (ICT). In this process, each state is selecting own way to meet citizens’ demands for provision of more quality, efficient and flexible public services. One of the main interests of actual Government in the Republic of Srpska (RS) is to protect economic interests of its citizens, as well as to transform its services and functions in order to improve overall quality of life in RS. The implementation of e-Government and e-Governance is one of the main strategic commitments. In order to meet these EU trends, the Government of the Republic of Srpska made first steps in introducing new public services to facilitate communication with its citizens. The Government of the Republic of Srpska recognized benefits of these trends and their impacts on the overall development of society and economy improvement of quality of life of its citizens. With the introduction of these modern services, the citizens in RS should skip lines and shorten the waiting time for response from Governmental bodies related to their requests that will give them more time for other activities.This paper gives brief analysis of challenges and prospects for implementation of e-Government and e-Governance initiatives, as one of the pillars for successful development of the Republic of Srpska as knowledge based economy and information society with benefits that improve citizens’ life. The paper also gives brief review of main strategic document, which gives governmental vision for implementation, as well as introduction of eSrpska- public administration portal.

Foresight of Material Surface Engineering as a Tool Building a Knowledge-Based Economy

2012 ◽  
Vol 706-709 ◽  
pp. 2511-2516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Danuta Dobrzańska-Danikiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Surface Layer ◽  
Surface Structure ◽  
Functional Properties ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
Engineering Materials

Throughout history, a substantial or often leap technological progress, was determined by the availability of new engineering materials, which usually stimulated the improvement in the quality of life. The development of engineering materials constitutes one of the most significant elements in the field of science and technology, and innovative policy in Poland and Europe as regards the knowledge-based economy (KBE). The enhancement of the product functional properties, required by the new strategies of engineering materials development, as well as materials processing technologies is frequently connected with appropriate formation of the engineering materials surface layer structure and properties. Functional properties of many products depend not only on the possibility of transferring the mechanical load across the whole element section or its physicochemical properties, but, most often, they depend mainly on the surface layer structure and properties. The application of foresight methodology in the assessment of the state and prospects regarding the development of technology related to the formation of the materials surface structure and properties provides the possibility to manage knowledge in this field. It can be achieved through a formalization of the explicit and tacit knowledge gathering and use in order to increase production competitiveness, effectiveness, and innovation, improve the quality of life and achieve sustainable development. The objectives accomplished in such a way contribute to the increase in intellectual capital by enhancing the effectiveness of using the existing knowledge, creating new knowledge, as well as increasing the level of understanding and disseminating knowledge. The implemented foresight project will result in identifying the priority innovative technologies and strategic research trends in the scope of surface structure and properties formation of engineering materials and biomaterials whose development in the country will be of key importance within next 20 years.

scholarly journals Kierunki zmian oddziaływania państwa na innowacyjność kraju w otwartej gospodarce

2015 ◽  
pp. 51-70
Author(s):  
Anna Zorska
Keyword(s):  
Open Economy ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
The State ◽  
Foreign Firms ◽  
Foreign Direct Investments ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
Research Sector ◽  
Institutional Linkages

The article investigates changes of national innovativeness and state’s innovation policy under conditions of open economy. An external openness – to the global environment – enables growth of international flows of goods and factors as well as increase of business and institutional linkages. Raising importance and impacts of external conditions on national innovativeness and national innovation system (NIS) are driven by four processes: globalization, regionalization, growing knowledge-based economy and transnational business. A new concept of NIS internationalization process in an open economy is introduced, including external and internal conditions, four groups of entities (including ones of foreign origin) together with their linkages and interactions. The return of the state to active innovation policy in order to influence activity led by all entities of domestic as well as foreign origins, including subsidiaries and research centers owned by foreign firms (TNCs) is justified in the light of the research. The state should influence the activity led by foreign entities with instruments of investment policy (to attract inflow of foreign direct investments to the domestic research sector) as well as instruments of innovation policy directed towards all entities.

scholarly journals Model Knowledge Management Di Perguruan Tinggi

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Dyah Budiastuti
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Core Competencies ◽  
Cultural Knowledge ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
Recognition Quality ◽  
Intellectual Assets ◽  
Business Conditions

Business conditions change quickly, pushing companies to change the way they compete. The Era of knowledge-based economy provides challenges for collaboration, innovation, adaptation, technological mastery and market, as well as intellectual assets management company. Relying on existing core competencies does not guarantee the company able to create competitive advantages. To face the challenges of existing companies must be able to manage the knowledge that having through the application of Knowledge Management (KM).Similarly with colleges based on human capital, the need to manage organizations that encourage the formation of cultural knowledge creation, knowledge sharing, and knowledge utilization through the application of Knowledge Management. With Knowledge Management, recognition quality of a lecturer is not based only on seniority but on the extent to which lecturers are acts as a general user, specialist, solution communities, as well as professional.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document