How do emerging adults respond to exercise advice from parents? A test of advice response theory

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 936-960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa M. Guntzviller ◽  
Chelsea L. Ratcliff ◽  
Travis E. Dorsch ◽  
Keith V. Osai
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Message Content ◽  
Response Theory ◽  
Parent Child Relationship ◽  
Child Relationship ◽  
Influence Attempts ◽  
Advice Quality ◽  
Parent Child ◽  
Advice Response Theory

Advice response theory (ART) proposes advisor characteristics, advice politeness, and advice content impact recipient perceptions of advice quality, their intention to implement the advice, and their coping. However, ART has primarily been examined in friend-to-friend advising on academic, romantic, or social issues. To test ART in an understudied relational and topical context, emerging adults ( N = 196, aged 18–28 years) were surveyed about physical activity or exercise advice they received from a parent. Current findings supported propositions about advisor characteristics and politeness, and parent–child relational elements were particularly salient. Emerging adults satisfied with their parent–child relationship rated all advice features and outcomes more favorably, and participants who reported their parents conveyed that the participant was approved of, competent, and likeable rated all outcomes more favorably. Counter to ART predictions, emerging adults displayed psychological reactance to certain message content features, responding favorably to advice they perceived to propose an efficacious solution but reacting negatively to advice perceived to emphasize their capability of performing the action and the lack of drawbacks in doing so (especially when feelings of obligation were high). ART propositions about advisor characteristics and politeness may hold across advice situations, but the parent–child dynamic during emerging adulthood and inherent face threat for health influence attempts may explain why certain formulations of advice messages elicited responses inconsistent with ART.

Parent–Child Relationship Quality and Internalizing Problems as Predictors of Risky Sexual Behavior

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (12) ◽  
pp. 1656-1676
Author(s):  
Mary Moussa Rogers ◽  
Cliff McKinney
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Relationship Quality ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Risky Sexual Behavior ◽  
Internalizing Problems ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Parent Child Relationship ◽  
Child Relationship ◽  
Maternal Child ◽  
Parent Child

Risky sexual behavior is more prevalent in emerging adult populations and emerging adults engaging in risky sexual behavior also may be experiencing higher levels of internalizing problems. Parents and their relationships with their children maintain relevance in emerging adulthood and may decrease negative outcomes. Thus, the current study examined whether parent–child relationship quality decreased the likelihood of risky sexual behavior via internalizing problems and examined gender dyads between parents and children. Participants included 502 emerging adults (172 males and 330 females) ranging in age from 18 to 25 years. Structural equation modeling analyses were conducted and indicated that internalizing problems mediated the relationship between parent (both paternal and maternal)–child relationship quality and risky sexual behavior for both males and females. Maternal–child relationship quality predicted lower internalizing problems more strongly for males than for females, suggesting moderated mediation. Thus, both mothers’ and fathers’ relationship with their children may affect risky sexual behavior indirectly via internalizing problems.

scholarly journals A Qualitative Exploration of Emerging Adults’ and Parents’ Perspectives on Communicating Adulthood Status

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Jablonski ◽  
Sara Martino
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Emerging Adulthood ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Parent Child Relationship ◽  
Parent Child Communication ◽  
Child Relationship ◽  
The Family ◽  
Qualitative Exploration ◽  
Parent Child

In this study the authors examine parent - child communication in Emerging Adulthood. Thirty - seven college students and one or both of their parents completed written questionnaires assessing whether the parent had verbally communicated or did some action to acknowledge the Emerging Adult’s maturity. Communication about changes in the parent - child relationship, as well as the Emerging Adult’s decision - making abilities, obligations to the family, and financial responsibilities were also assessed. The responses to the open ended questions were qualitatively analyzed using grounded theory. The findings indicated that the Emerging Adults’ and parents’ responses were very similar, and the overwhelming majority reported that there had indeed been an acknowledgment from the parents to indicate Emerging Adulthood status, although this was not always verbally communicated; sometimes it was indicated through the parents’ behavior. K

Racial Differences in Parental Involvement and Physical and Psychological Maltreatment: Processes Related to Regard for Parents

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 739-763
Author(s):  
Mallory L. Malkin ◽  
Cliff McKinney
Keyword(s):  
Parental Involvement ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
Social Adjustment ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Psychological Maltreatment ◽  
Parent Child Relationship ◽  
Child Relationship ◽  
Conflict Tactics ◽  
Parent Child

Research indicates that perceptions of and regard for parents are important in the parent–child relationship of emerging adults and associated with both emotional and social adjustment and development. We examined the relationship between current regard for parents, parental involvement, and conflict tactics during emerging adulthood among White and Black emerging adults. The sample consisted of 1,401 participants ranging from 18 to 25 years. Current perceptions of mothers and fathers and conflict tactics were measured separately via an online survey using the Parental Environment Questionnaire and the Conflict Tactics Scale: Parent–Child version. Blacks reported lower parental involvement than Whites. When examining perceptions of mothers, Blacks, compared with Whites, reported more maternal physical maltreatment. When examining perceptions of fathers, Blacks, compared with Whites, reported less regard for fathers but no differences with regard for mothers. Additionally, Blacks, compared with Whites, reported higher maternal psychological maltreatment.

The effect of combat experience on adult attachment: A stepfamily perspective

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan D Turner ◽  
David S Wood ◽  
D Aaron Parks ◽  
Kevin Shafer
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Attachment Style ◽  
Adult Attachment ◽  
Attachment Styles ◽  
Parent Child Relationship ◽  
Combat Experience ◽  
Avoidant Attachment ◽  
Child Relationship ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Parent Child

Summary Social science researchers have long examined the impact of combat experience on individual and family outcomes, but doing so within a stepfamily context has yet to be done. Drawn from a sample of young adults living in the USA, this study examines the effect of emerging adults’ combat experience on the relationship between their childhood attachment with a biological parent in a stepfamily setting and their adult attachment style with a romantic partner. Findings Results of multiple regression analysis indicate that a secure parent–child relationship within a stepfamily reduces the likelihood of exhibiting more characteristics of avoidant attachment style in adulthood. However, when interacted with combat experience, a secure parent-child relationship significantly increases the likelihood of exhibiting more characteristics of avoidant attachment in adulthood. Applications Results from this study advance previous research findings on the effect of wartime experience on individual outcomes by examining postcombat deployment attachment styles for individuals who were raised in a stepfamily context. Incorporating these findings into social work research and practice can help clinicians more effectively prevent service members’ maladaptive postdeployment attachment styles and treat individuals and families affected by them.

Emerging Adult Antisocial Problems and Psychological and Physical Maltreatment: Moderation by Other Parent-Child Relationship Quality

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052110435
Author(s):  
Alicia W. Villanueva van den Hurk ◽  
Cliff McKinney
Keyword(s):  
Relationship Quality ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
The Other ◽  
Psychological Maltreatment ◽  
Antisocial Behaviors ◽  
Parent Child Relationship ◽  
Child Relationship ◽  
Physical Maltreatment ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Parent Child

Current research supports that both psychological/physical maltreatment by parents and parent-child relationship quality strongly correlate with children’s psychopathology. Less research has examined the interaction effects among these variables, especially in emerging adults. The current study analyzed the association between psychological/physical maltreatment experienced from one parent and antisocial behaviors displayed by emerging adults, as well as the moderating effect of the other parent’s parent-child relationship quality. This sample included 1,364 emerging adults (953 females, 411 males) who reported on past year psychological and physical maltreatment and parent-child relationship quality. Results indicated that, when considered together, parent-child relationship quality was a stronger predictor of emerging antisocial problems than maltreatment, with the exception of the father-son dyad. Additionally, overall findings suggested that having a high-quality relationship with one caregiver was associated with lower antisocial problems in the context of high maltreatment from the other caregiver. Nevertheless, there were deviations from this norm. Unexpectedly, the lowest antisocial problems in females were associated with higher levels of paternal physical maltreatment combined with higher levels of maternal parent-child relationship quality. Moreover, the combination of low paternal psychological maltreatment and low maternal relationship quality was associated with particularly high antisocial problems in males. It is important to note the findings in the context of this sample of college students, who could be considered an advantaged group relative to some others. Since our sample might not represent our entire population of interest, which is emerging adults, it is important for future studies to examine these relationships across more diverse emerging adults. Practical implications are discussed.

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