Predicting women’s emotional responses to hooking up

Among young women, hookups have been found to lead to varied emotional responses. The authors tested three hypotheses to disentangle these contradictory findings in a weekly diary study. A trait-level motives hypothesis suggests that trait-level motives moderate emotional responses to hookups. A motive satisfaction hypothesis suggests that emotional responses to hooking up depend on satisfaction within hookups. A dual-effects hypothesis proposes the co-occurrence of positive and negative emotional responses. In this study, 203 college women reported trait-level motives for hooking up (e.g., pleasure/fun, intimacy, coping). Next, 5 weekly surveys asked about recent hookup experiences. These responses were compared to the same women’s emotions on weeks they did not hook up, thereby controlling for selection bias. All three hypotheses were supported. Pleasure/fun motives predicted more positive and less negative emotions; satisfaction of pleasure, intimacy, and affirmation motives resulted in more positive and less negative emotions; and simultaneous positive and negative reactions were common.

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“We talked about our hookups”: A diary study of sexual communication among U.S. college women

Journal of Social and Personal Relationships ◽

10.1177/0265407520933002 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 37 (8-9) ◽

pp. 2620-2633

Author(s):

Katrina L. Pariera ◽

Brianna Abraham

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

Health Promotion ◽

Sexual Behavior ◽

Content Analysis ◽

College Women ◽

Social Environment ◽

Young Women ◽

Sexual Communication ◽

Diary Study ◽

Face To Face

For many young women, college is a time of major changes in sexual behavior and attitudes, driven in part by their social environment. Yet little is known about how young women actually talk about sex day-to-day. To understand daily sexual communication, 96 U.S. college students who identify as women kept a sexual communication diary for 7 days, generating 1,211 records. A content analysis revealed that women talked about sex an average of 13 times per week. Most conversations were with friends, face-to-face, and mostly about previous sexual encounters, dating, and potential sexual activity. The underlying function of most conversations was exchanging opinions, recapping, and gossiping. Sex appears to be a somewhat regularly discussed topic for college women and a way of socializing and exploring attitudes. The results have important implications for health promotion efforts targeted at college women.

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The effects of constructive television news reporting on prosocial intentions and behavior in children: The role of negative emotions and self-efficacy

Communications ◽

10.1515/commun-2019-0151 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Iris van Venrooij ◽

Tobias Sachs ◽

Mariska Kleemans

Keyword(s):

Self Efficacy ◽

Positive Emotions ◽

Television News ◽

Negative Emotions ◽

Emotional Responses ◽

News Story ◽

News Reporting ◽

News Video ◽

Prosocial Intentions ◽

And Behavior

Abstract To reduce negative emotional responses and to stimulate prosociality, constructive journalism promotes the inclusion of positive emotions and solutions in news. This study experimentally tested whether including those elements indeed increased prosocial intentions and behavior among children, and whether negative emotions and self-efficacy are mediators in this regard. To this end, children (N = 468; 9 to 13 years old) were exposed to an emotion-based, solution-based, or non-constructive news video. Results showed that emotion-based and solution-based news reduced children’s negative emotions compared to non-constructive news. No direct effects for prosocial intentions were found, but solution-based news led to less prosocial behavior (i. e., money donated) than emotion-based and non-constructive news. Moreover, negative emotions served as a mediator, self-efficacy did not. The more negative emotions were elicited by a news story, the higher the prosocial intentions and behavior. In conclusion, a constructive style of reporting helps to reduce children’s negative emotional responses but subsequently hinders prosociality.

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The lingering curvilinear effect of workload on employee rumination and negative emotions: A diary study

Work & Stress ◽

10.1080/02678373.2021.2009055 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-20

Author(s):

Shani Pindek ◽

Zhiqing E. Zhou ◽

Stacey R. Kessler ◽

Alexandra Krajcevska ◽

Paul E. Spector

Keyword(s):

Negative Emotions ◽

Diary Study ◽

Curvilinear Effect

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Investigating User Emotional Responses to Eco-Feedback Designs

Journal of Mechanical Design ◽

10.1115/1.4042007 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 141 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Qifang Bao ◽

Edward Burnell ◽

Ann M. Hughes ◽

Maria C. Yang

Keyword(s):

Positive Emotions ◽

Negative Emotions ◽

Emotional Responses ◽

Resource Conservation ◽

Feedback Information ◽

Feedback Design ◽

Lab Experiments ◽

Conservation Actions ◽

Highly Correlated

Emotional responses to a product can be critical in influencing how the product will be used. This study explores the emotions that arise from users' interaction with eco-feedback products, and investigates links between emotions and users' resource conservation behaviors. In-lab experiments were conducted with 68 participants of varying backgrounds. Each participant was shown sketches of four conceptual designs of eco-feedback products and reported how they would feel and behave in different scenarios using the products. Two styles of eco-feedback design, quantitative and figurative, were compared to each other and were compared to neutral designs, which had little or no feedback information. Results showed that taking resource conservation actions such as turning off lights was highly correlated with negative emotions toward wasting resources, such as guilt, upset, embarrassment, and annoyance. Users' evaluations of esthetics, usefulness, and overall quality of eco-feedback products, however, were highly correlated with positive emotions toward resource conservation, described as satisfied, proud, interested, and joyful. Figurative designs were observed to evoke much stronger emotions among younger participants than older ones. Ultimately, we hope our findings are useful to the designers of eco-feedback products.

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Psychological Abuse among College Women in Dating Relationships

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.2466/pms.1989.69.3f.1283 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 69 (3_suppl) ◽

pp. 1283-1297 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Beth Raymond ◽

Irene Gillman Bruschi

Keyword(s):

College Women ◽

Young Women ◽

Psychological Abuse ◽

Wife Abuse ◽

Dating Relationships ◽

Courtship Violence ◽

And Behaviors ◽

Negative Relationships

A questionnaire designed to measure psychological abuse and kindness was responded to by 90 college women involved in dating relationships. Analysis indicated that, while many relationships were low abuse/high kindness, a substantial number were characterized by high abuse/low kindness, high abuse/high kindness and low abuse/low kindness. An analysis of these different categories of dating relationships as well as explanations as to why young women should be in such negative relationships are included. The study also indicated significant differences between women's reports of feelings and behaviors. Finally, a comparison of past versus present relationships showed proportionately few significant differences in behaviors but many significant differences in feelings. The major finding, that some college women are in dating relationships characterized by psychological abuse, was explored, and comparisons to the literature on wife abuse and courtship violence were also included.

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EXPLORING AGE, GENDER, AND RELATIONSHIP CLOSENESS DIFFERENCES IN RESPONSES TO IGNORED DISRESPECT

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igz038.1118 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S305-S305

Author(s):

Jenessa C Steele ◽

Amanda Chappell ◽

Rachel Scott

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Young Adults ◽

Age Differences ◽

Negative Emotions ◽

Age Groups ◽

Emotional Responses ◽

Younger Adults ◽

Relationship Closeness ◽

Close Condition

Abstract Emotional responses to disrespect tend to be negative (Hawkins, 2015). Little is known about how responses to disrespect vary across age groups and relationship closeness. It is unknown whether older adults have more emotional protection against disrespectful experiences, or are more deeply affected due to relationship closeness. Overall, we might expect that older adults react less negatively to disrespect compared to young adults, as they are more-skilled emotion regulators (Carstensen, 1991; English & Carstensen, 2014). We aimed to explore if, and under which circumstances, older adults are more or less sensitive to disrespect compared to younger adults. Three hundred participants responded to six scenarios illustrating ignored disrespect. Participants were randomly assigned to close or distant relationship disrespect scenarios. Relationship closeness was first determined by requesting participants identify a person in each layer of Kahn and Antonucci’s (1980) Social Convoy Model. Identified names were then automatically inserted into the six scenarios. Emotional responses and sensitivity to each scenario were recorded. Participants in the close condition reported more sensitivity to disrespect and negative emotions than participants in the distant condition. Females reported more sensitivity to disrespect and negative emotions than males. We did not find overwhelming support for age differences in responses to disrespect. A single scenario indicated younger participants more sensitive to disrespect than older participants. Findings suggest it is more hurtful to be disrespected by someone close to you and females may be more sensitive to disrespect than males. More research investigating the role of age in disrespect is needed.

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Is Hooking Up Bad for Young Women?

Gender, Sexuality, and Intimacy: A Contexts Reader ◽

10.4135/9781506352299.n43 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 157-161

Author(s):

Elizabeth A. Armstrong ◽

Laura Hamilton ◽

Paula England

Keyword(s):

Young Women ◽

Hooking Up

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Risk Factors for Sexual Assault of Heterosexual and Sexual Minority College Women

Journal of Interpersonal Violence ◽

10.1177/0886260520976224 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 088626052097622

Author(s):

Lora K. McGraw ◽

Kimberly A. Tyler ◽

Leslie Gordon Simons

Keyword(s):

Sexual Assault ◽

Relationship Quality ◽

College Women ◽

Sexual Behaviors ◽

Sexual Minority ◽

Risky Sexual Behaviors ◽

Minority Women ◽

Hooking Up ◽

Sexual Minority Women ◽

Maternal Relationship

Though college women report high rates of sexual assault, less is known about how protective and risk factors are uniquely associated with assault among heterosexual and sexual minority women. As such, the current study examined protective factors (i.e., maternal relationship quality and religiosity) and risk factors (i.e., child sexual abuse, parent substance misuse, and risky behaviors) for coercive sexual assault and total sexual assault and whether they vary by sexual orientation among college women. Data were gathered in the 2013–2014 academic year at two large public universities in the United States, one in the Midwest and one in the Southeast. Data for the current study included 755 college women, 72 (9.5%) of whom identified as sexual minority. Bivariate results showed that heterosexual women reported greater maternal relationship quality and greater religiosity compared to sexual minority women, while sexual minority women reported more risky sexual behaviors and having experienced more coercive sexual assault than heterosexual women. Multivariate results revealed that child sexual abuse, parent drinking problems, maternal relationship quality, heavy drinking, hooking up, and risky sexual behaviors were significantly associated with total sexual assault. Significant correlates of coercive sexual assault included child sexual abuse, maternal relationship quality, hooking up, and risky sexual behaviors. The relationship between maternal relationship quality and total sexual assault varied by sexual orientation as did the relationship between hooking up and coercive sexual assault. These findings have implications for targeted interventions to improve prevention of sexual assault among heterosexual and sexual minority college women.

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