Plethysmographic Measurement of Venous Flow Resistance and Venous Capacity in the Human Leg. Part One: Method

1989 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 241-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.J.F. Klein Rouweler ◽  
A.J.M. Brakkee ◽  
J.P. Kuiper
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Strain Gauge ◽  
Flow Resistance ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Muscle Tension ◽  
Calf Muscle ◽  
Venous Flow ◽  
Strain Gauge Plethysmography ◽  
Venous Capacity ◽  
Methodological Aspects

This report presents a study of the methodological aspects of the measurement of venous flow resistance ( Rv) and venous capacity (C10) in human legs as measured by strain-gauge plethysmography. The measurements are reproduceable within 10%, in subjects who are well-acclimatized to a room temperature of 28–30 °C. In measurements at the calf, extension of the knee joint may increase Rv by hundreds of percents, while high passive calf muscle tension may be associated with a decrease in Rv and an increase in C10. Inadequate acclimatization may increase Rv and decrease C10, notably in measurements at the foot. The determinants for Rv and C10 are discussed.

Plethysmographic Measurement of Venous Flow Resistance and Venous Capacity in Human Legs. Part Two: Normal Values Related to Age, Sex and Site of Measurement

1989 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 251-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.J.F. Klein Rouweler ◽  
A.J.M. Brakkee ◽  
J.P. Kuiper
Keyword(s):  
Strain Gauge ◽  
Flow Resistance ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Age Dependency ◽  
Limb Volume ◽  
Venous Flow ◽  
Strain Gauge Plethysmography ◽  
Sex Dependency ◽  
Venous Capacity

This report presents normal values of venous flow resistance ( Rv) and venous capacity (C10) as measured in human limbs by strain-gauge plethysmography. No age dependency was found for either parameter. Rv was lower in males than in females and lower in left legs than in right legs. C10 was higher in males than in females and higher in left than in right legs. The left-right and sex dependency of the parameters cannot be explained by differences in limb volume. Correlations between selected parameters are presented.

Plethysmographic Measurement of Venous Flow Resistance and Venous Capacity in Humans with Primary Lymphoedema

1990 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. F. Klein Rouweler ◽  
J. P. Kuiper ◽  
A. J. M. Brakkee
Keyword(s):  
Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Strain Gauge ◽  
Flow Resistance ◽  
Clinical Severity ◽  
Venous Flow ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Venous Capacity ◽  
Deep Vein ◽  
Diagnostic Criterion ◽  
Normal Potential

Venous flow resistance ( Rv) and venous capacity ( C10) was measured by strain-gauge plethysmography in patients with primary lympoedema of the legs. In the calf, Rv was significantly higher than normal and increased with the clinical severity of the oedema, while C10 was significantly lower than normal. Potential causes are discussed. No indications were found that the specificity of Rv, when used as a diagnostic criterion for recent deep vein thrombosis, is influenced by primary lymphoedema.

Venous Flow Resistance and Venous Capacity in Humans with Primary Varicosis of the Long Saphenous Vein

1990 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. F. Klein Rouweler ◽  
J. P. Kuiper ◽  
A. J. M. Brakkee
Keyword(s):  
Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Saphenous Vein ◽  
Strain Gauge ◽  
Flow Resistance ◽  
Venous Flow ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Long Saphenous Vein ◽  
Venous Capacity ◽  
Deep Vein ◽  
Diagnostic Criterion

Venous flow resistance ( Rv) and venous capacity ( C10) was measured by strain-gauge plethysmography in patients with primary truncal varicosis of the long saphenous vein (LSV). Rv tended to be lower than normal, notably in measurements taken at the foot, but significant differences were hardly demonstrable. C10 in the calf and the foot were significantly higher than normal. Physical and morphological abnormalties of the LSV with relevance to Rv and C10 are discussed. It was demonstrated that the contribution of the LSV to venous haemodynamics amounts to about 10%. It is considered unlikely that the sensitivity of Rv, when used as a diagnostic criterion for recent deep vein thrombosis, is influenced by the LSV.

Plethysmographic Measurement of Venous Flow Resistance and Venous Capacity in Humans with Deep Venous Thrombosis

1990 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. F. Klein Rouweler ◽  
J. P. Kuiper ◽  
A. J. M. Brakkee
Keyword(s):  
Flow Resistance ◽  
Strain Gauges ◽  
Confidence Limits ◽  
Venous Flow ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Venous Capacity ◽  
High Level ◽  
Deep Vein ◽  
Diagnostic Criterion

Venous flow resistance ( Rv) and venous capacity ( C10)2 was studied in humans with deep vein thrombosis (DVT) using strain-gauge plethysmography. Rv was found to be significantly higher than normal while C10 was significantly lower, notably in measurements at the calf-level. In a follow-up study it was demonstrated that Rv usually decreased sharply within the first few months after the acute event while C10 increased. Rv usually returned to (high-level) non-thrombotic values, while C10 returned to (low-level) normal values. The sensitivity of Rv when used as a diagnostic criterion for recent proximal DVT was assessed retrospectively. For proximal DVT, the sensitivity of Rv-prox (measured with strain-gauges around the calf) was 95% (95% confidence limits 83–99%) and for distal DVT, the sensitivity of Rv-dist (measured with strain-gauges around the foot) was 36% (95% confidence limits 13–65%). The specificity for Rv was 100% (95% confidence limits Rv-prox: 90–100%; Rv-dist: 59–100%). Influencing factors for sensitivity and specifity are discussed.

Assessment of orthostatic fluid shifts with strain gauge plethysmography

2007 ◽  
Vol 113 (9) ◽  
pp. 369-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland D. Thijs ◽  
Maaike Bruijnzeels ◽  
Adriaan M. Kamper ◽  
Arjan D. van Dijk ◽  
J. Gert van Dijk
Keyword(s):  
Strain Gauge ◽  
Muscle Tension ◽  
Surface Emg ◽  
Gender Effect ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Tilt Test ◽  
Strain Gauge Plethysmography ◽  
Pressure Cuff ◽  
Fluid Shifts ◽  
Left And Right

In the present study we evaluated the use of SGP (strain gauge plethysmography) for the assessment of orthostatic fluid shifts during HUT (head-up tilting). Subjects wore a parachute harness fixed to the tilt table to avoid muscle tension in the lower limbs during HUT. Twenty-two healthy subjects (nine women) were tilted for 5 min. Changes in calf volume, as measured by SGP, surface EMG (electromyography), heart rate and blood pressure were measured continuously. Ten subjects underwent a second tilt test during which circulation in one leg was occluded with a pressure cuff at 250 mmHg. During HUT with occlusion, calf volume in the non-occluded leg increased by 1.9±0.3% (mean±S.E.M.) and 0.2±0.2% in the occluded leg (P<0.001). During HUT without occlusion a significant correlation (r=0.9) was found between measurements in the left and right leg with a mean difference of 0.03±0.1%. HUT did not cause significant changes in surface EMG measurements. An unexpected gender effect was observed: calf volume increased significantly more in men than in women. Men were significantly taller, but the haemodynamic response to HUT did not differ between both genders. The gender effect on orthostatic increases in calf volume remained significant after adjustment for heart-to-calf distance. SGP during HUT with a parachute harness is a new promising method to assess orthostatic fluid shifts. The gender differences in orthostatic pooling in the calf may be explained by a higher calf compliance in men together with a greater hydrostatic pressure due to a greater height in men.

Diagnosis of Deep Vein Thrombosis by Combination of Doppler Ultrasound Flow Examination and Strain Gauge Plethysmography

1982 ◽  
Vol 47 (02) ◽  
pp. 141-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Bounameaux ◽  
B Krähenbühl ◽  
S Vukanovic
Keyword(s):  
Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Doppler Ultrasound ◽  
Strain Gauge ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Strain Gauge Plethysmography ◽  
Deep Vein

SummaryDoppler ultrasound flow examination, strain gauge plethysmography and contrast venography were performed in 160 lower limbs of 80 in-patients. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) was suspected in 87 limbs. Using measurement of venous stop-flow pressure, the Doppler method had an overall sensitivity of 83%. By combined use of Doppler and Plethysmography, sensitivity was increased to 96%. Specificity was 62% and 51%, respectively. With a positive and a negative predictive value of 80% and 73%, respectively, the combination of both non-invasive methods cannot reliably replace venography in the diagnosis of DTV, although all (40/40) thromboses proximal to or involving the popliteal segment were detected by either Doppler and Plethysmography or both.After exclusion of 14 patients (18%) suffering from conditions known to alter the results of these non-invasive methods, the positive predictive value of abnormal findings in both Doppler and Plethysmography was increased to 94% for suspected limbs, whilst negative predictive value of both negative Doppler and Plethysmography was 90%, allowing the avoidance of venography in these patients.

The use of automated strain gauge plethysmography in the diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis

2002 ◽  
Vol 75 (896) ◽  
pp. 648-651 ◽  
Author(s):  
N A Maskell ◽  
S Cooke ◽  
D J Meecham Jones ◽  
J G Prior ◽  
R J A Butland
Keyword(s):  
Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Strain Gauge ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Strain Gauge Plethysmography ◽  
Deep Vein

Non-Invasive Measurement of Venous Muscle Pump Function in the Supine Position

1992 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 146-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. L. van Gerwen ◽  
A. J. M. Brakkee ◽  
J. P. Kuiper
Keyword(s):  
Supine Position ◽  
Strain Gauge ◽  
Venous Pressure ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Pressure Reduction ◽  
Pump Function ◽  
Muscle Pump ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Strain Gauge Plethysmography ◽  
Leg Movements

Objective: A new non-invasive procedure for testing venous muscle pump function in the horizontal position is presented. Design: The test is based on an indirect method we use for measuring ambulatory venous pressure by means of strain-gauge plethysmography. Setting: University Hospital Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Patients: The results of 28 limbs of 20 patients with deep venous insufficiency are compared with 32 limbs of 16 healthy volunteers. Interventions: The same test is performed in all patients and volunteers: in the supine position a raised venous pressure in the limb is induced by venous congestion. The reduction in venous volume after standardized leg movements is measured by strain-gauge plethysmography and, with an additionally obtained pressure-volume relation, this volume reduction is converted into a pressure reduction. Main outcome measure: The reduction by standardized leg movements of an increased venous pressure is a measure for calf muscle pump function. Results: The mean pressure reduction in the patient group was 47% (standard deviation (SD) = 8%), in the healthy group 77% (SD = 6%). Conclusions: The new ‘supine venous pump function test’ is a promising method for measuring the function of the deep veins. Since the whole procedure is performed in the horizontal positon, the method offers several important advantages.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document