scholarly journals CX3CR1-CCR2-dependent monocyte-microglial signaling modulates neurovascular leakage and acute injury in a mouse model of childhood stroke

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (10) ◽  
pp. 1919-1935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel Faustino ◽  
Sophorn Chip ◽  
Nikita Derugin ◽  
Amandine Jullienne ◽  
Mary Hamer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Vascular Inflammation ◽  
Neutrophil Infiltration ◽  
Acute Injury ◽  
Arterial Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Vascular Abnormalities ◽  
Functional Deficits ◽  
Albumin Leakage ◽  
Neurovascular Interactions ◽  
Perinatal Arterial Ischemic Stroke

Stroke is among the top 10 causes of death in children. The developmental stage of the brain is central to stroke pathophysiology. The incidence of childhood arterial ischemic stroke (CAIS) is lower than of perinatal arterial ischemic stroke but the rate of recurrence is strikingly high. Vascular inflammation is seen as major contributor to CAIS but the mechanisms that govern structural-functional basis of vascular abnormalities remain poorly understood. To identify the contribution of immune-neurovascular interactions to CAIS, we established stroke model in postnatal day 21 (P21) mice. We demonstrate acute functional deficits and histological injury and chronic MRI-identifiable injury, brain atrophy and marked derangements in the vascular network. In contrast to negligible albumin leakage and neutrophil infiltration following acute perinatal stroke, CAIS leads to significantly increased albumin leakage and neutrophil infiltration in injured regions of wild type mice and mice with functional CX3CR1-CCR2 receptors. In mice with dysfunctional CX3CR1-CCR2 signaling, extravascular albumin leakage is significantly attenuated, infiltration of injurious Ccr2+-monocytes essentially aborted, accumulation of Ly6G+ neutrophils reduced and acute injury attenuated. Unique identifiers of microglia and monocytes revealed phenotypic changes in each cell subtype of the monocyte lineage after CAIS. Taken together, CX3CR1-CCR2-dependent microglia-monocyte signaling contributes to cerebrovascular leakage, inflammation and CAIS injury.

Neurocognitive outcome in a 6-year-old girl with a history of perinatal stroke

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1100-1100
Author(s):  
A. Matos-Pires ◽  
N. Cardoso-Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Arterial Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Intellectual Performance ◽  
Perinatal Stroke ◽  
Intellectual Outcome ◽  
History Of ◽  
Perinatal Arterial Ischemic Stroke

Perinatal Stroke involves an often poorly understood neurocognitive events affecting the fetus and the new born with a potential for serious intellectual outcome.Our aim is to present a case study on the issue of neurocognitive defects on domains such as intellectual performance, attention and vigilance, executive functioning, visual perception, speed of processing, verbal learning and memory, and working memory on a 6 year old girl with perinatal arterial ischemic stroke.

scholarly journals Risk of Later Seizure After Perinatal Arterial Ischemic Stroke: A Prospective Cohort Study

PEDIATRICS ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 127 (6) ◽  
pp. e1550-e1557 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Wusthoff ◽  
S. K. Kessler ◽  
A. Vossough ◽  
R. Ichord ◽  
S. Zelonis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Arterial Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Perinatal Arterial Ischemic Stroke

scholarly journals Automatic Segmentation of Perinatal Arterial Ischemic Stroke Volume

2011 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 155-155
Author(s):  
N E van der Aa ◽  
I Isgum ◽  
F Groenendaal ◽  
M A Viergever ◽  
L S de Vries ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Stroke Volume ◽  
Automatic Segmentation ◽  
Arterial Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Perinatal Arterial Ischemic Stroke

New insights (and new interrogations) in perinatal arterial ischemic stroke

2011 ◽  
Vol 127 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphane Chabrier ◽  
Béatrice Husson ◽  
Mickaël Dinomais ◽  
Pierre Landrieu ◽  
Sylvie Nguyen The Tich
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Arterial Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Perinatal Arterial Ischemic Stroke

Cerebral Palsy After Perinatal Arterial Ischemic Stroke

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meredith R. Golomb ◽  
Bhuwan P. Garg ◽  
Chandan Saha ◽  
Faouzi Azzouz ◽  
Linda S. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Arterial Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Perinatal Arterial Ischemic Stroke

scholarly journals Promoting neuroregeneration after perinatal arterial ischemic stroke: neurotrophic factors and mesenchymal stem cells

2017 ◽  
Vol 83 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 372-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nienke Wagenaar ◽  
Caroline G M de Theije ◽  
Linda S de Vries ◽  
Floris Groenendaal ◽  
Manon J N L Benders ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Neurotrophic Factors ◽  
Arterial Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Perinatal Arterial Ischemic Stroke

Two Children With Both Arm Ischemia and Arterial Ischemic Stroke During the Perinatal Period

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 1548-1554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilyn J. McKasson ◽  
Meredith R. Golomb
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase ◽  
Delayed Diagnosis ◽  
Limb Ischemia ◽  
Perinatal Period ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Arterial Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Cerebral Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Ischemic Limb ◽  
Perinatal Arterial Ischemic Stroke

It is rare for both limb ischemia and arterial ischemic stroke to occur in the same child during the perinatal period. Two children who appear to have had perinatal emboli to both an arm and a middle cerebral artery territory are presented here. One child required amputation of the ischemic limb below the shoulder, and the other required skin grafts to the distal ischemic fingers. Each of these children later received cerebral magnetic resonance imaging for evaluation of developmental delay and was found to have what appeared to be old perinatal arterial ischemic stroke. Both children were homozygous for the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T gene variant. Eight other children with perinatal limb ischemia and stroke were found on literature review; several also had delayed diagnosis of perinatal stroke. This report examines the approach to diagnosis and treatment in each of these and makes suggestions for the similar cases in the future.

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Perinatal Arterial Ischemic Stroke

Cell Medicine ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 215517901878534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Munoz ◽  
María José Hidalgo ◽  
Fernanda Balut ◽  
Mónica Troncoso ◽  
Susana Lara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Apgar Score ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Arterial Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Emergency Cesarean Section ◽  
Emergency Cesarean ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Perinatal Arterial Ischemic Stroke

Introduction: Arterial ischemic stroke in newborns is an important cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Its pathophysiology and associated risk factors are not yet clearly understood and defined. Objective: The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate possible risk factors in diagnosed cases of PAIS (perinatal arterial ischemic stroke). Materials and methods: Case–control study. Clinical data of patients with PAIS diagnosis were analyzed. Two healthy controls were selected for each PAIS case, matched for gestational age. Risk factors were explored using univariable and multivariable analysis. Outcome: 40 patients were included in the study, 24 males and 16 females; 52.5% of cases were diagnosed within the first month of birth, and 47.5% were retrospectively diagnosed. The results showed a male predominance (66.7%). The distribution of cerebral ischemic injury was predominantly medial cerebral artery (87.5%) and occurred more commonly in the left cerebral hemisphere (62.5%). Significant risk factors in the univariate analysis (P < 0.05) were primiparity, stillbirth, neonatal sepsis, asphyxia, twin pregnancy, placenta abruption, emergency cesarean section, Apgar score ≤7 after 5 min, breech presentation, and hyperbilirubinemia. In the multivariate analysis, primiparity (OR 11.74; CI 3.28–42.02), emergency cesarean section (OR 13.79; CI 3.51–54.13), birth asphyxia (OR 40.55; CI 3.08–532.94) and Apgar score ≤7 after 5 min (OR 13.75; CI 1.03–364.03) were significantly associated factors with PAIS. Only five (16.6%) patients had an abnormal thrombophilia study. Conclusion: Risk factors of primiparity, emergency cesarean section, birth asphyxia, and Apgar score ≤7 after 5 min were significantly associated with perinatal stroke. More studies with a larger number of patients and with prolonged follow up are required to establish more clearly the associated risk factors involved in this pathology.

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