Assessment of the testicular vascularity after inguinal herniotomy in children: a prospective color Doppler study

Background Knowing transient vascular perfusion abnormalities of testes after open inguinal herniotomy procedure is essential for the surgeon who is mainly responsible for the patient outcome. Purpose To assess the effect of open inguinal herniotomy procedure on the testicular blood supply in children using duplex ultrasonography (DUS). Material and Methods A prospective observational study included 60 boys (mean age = 9.46 ± 14.46 months; age range = 2 months–6 years) who underwent open inguinal herniotomy operation. Using DUS, the testicular volume, peak systolic velocity (PSV), end diastolic velocity (EDV), and resistive index (RI) were calculated preoperatively and one week, one month, and six months postoperatively. The pre- and postoperative measurements were compared. Statistical analysis was performed using χ2 test, Fisher’s exact test, or Student’s t-test when appropriate. Results On physical examination, the hernias were unilateral in 57 boys and bilateral in three boys. Comparison between testicular volumes preoperatively and postoperatively showed no significant change ( P > 0.05). There was a statistically significant increase of PSV and RI one week and one month postoperatively ( P < 0.0001) but returned to be near to the preoperative values at six months. As regards EDV, there was a slight but non-significant postoperative increase ( P > 0.05) which did not return to the preoperative value. Conclusion The affection of testicular vascularity postoperatively is transient and returns to be near to the preoperative values in the late postoperative period (six months postoperatively). Additionally, no significant change in testicular volume postoperatively.

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Role of Duplex Color Doppler Study of Uterine Artery in the Early Diagnosis of Preeclampsia in Pregnant Women

Journal of Medicine ◽

10.3329/jom.v20i2.42008 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 87-91

Author(s):

Sohely Sultana ◽

Tarana Yasmin ◽

Md Nazir Uddin Mollah ◽

Shyamal Kumar Roy ◽

Mohammad Sazzad Hossain ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Complex Disease ◽

Color Doppler ◽

Peak Systolic Velocity ◽

Resistive Index ◽

Wave Form ◽

College Hospital ◽

Doppler Study ◽

Diastolic Velocity ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Doppler Indices

Background: Duplex Colour Doppler Sonography is gaining increasing popularity for assessment of blood vessels in various disease processes around the world as well as for the surveillance of fetus compromised by intra uterine growth retardation (IUGR) and to assess foetal structural abnormalities and complex disease processes. Materials & methods: This cross sectional study was carried out to observe Doppler wave form in subjects with preeclampsia enrolling 40 subjects with preeclampsia, in the Department of Radiology and Imaging, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, over a period of six months from 20th May 2012 to 19th November 2012. A total number of 40 normal pregnancies were also included for comparison. Peak systolic velocity (PSV), end diastolic velocity (EDV), Resistive index (RI), Pulsatility index (PI) in different groups of study subjects from 24th to 37th weeks were observed and compared for any significant differences. Results: Majority (35% in normal and 37.5% in preeclampsia) of the respondents were found in the age group of 21-30 years. Unpaired t-test revealed no significant difference between mean age between two groups. Among normal group, mean±SD PSV, EDV, PI and RI were 43.94±15.41 cm/sec and 15.51 (±4.93) cm/sec, 1.12±0.0846 and 0.571 (±0.058) respectively. Mean PSV, EDV, PI and RI were 83.19±18.44 cm/sec, 11.86±5.19 cm/sec, 2.497±0.369 and 0.8255±0.087 in preeclampsia group. There was statistically significant (By unpaired ttest) difference in mean Doppler indices between these two groups. It was observed that early diastolic notch was found in 90% subjects with preeclampsia. Early diastolic notch was observed in Doppler wave form in 5% subject with normal pregnancy. Chi-square test showed that there was statistically significant difference in presence of early diastolic notch between normal subjects and subjects with preeclampsia. Conclusions: From the study result it was concluded that Doppler indices with presence of early diastolic notch are reliable indicators for early detection of preeclampsia. J MEDICINE JUL 2019; 20 (2) : 87-91

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Estimation of haemodynamic changes in varicocele testis and results after microsurgical sub-inguinal varicocelectomy

Urologia Journal ◽

10.1177/03915603211069013 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 039156032110690

Author(s):

Satyadeo Sharma ◽

Rajendra K Shimpi

Keyword(s):

Semen Analysis ◽

Peak Systolic Velocity ◽

Resistive Index ◽

Semen Parameters ◽

Medical Institute ◽

Sperm Density ◽

Doppler Study ◽

Diastolic Velocity ◽

Before And After ◽

Haemodynamic Changes

Introduction: Varicocele is among the most frequently encountered, surgically correctable causes of male infertility. Since varicocele is a primary abnormality of testicular vessels, a thorough understanding of haemodynamic changes in the microcirculation of varicocele testis is needed. Objectives: To estimate changes in the microcirculation of varicocele testis and correlate them with symptomatic and semen parameters changes before and after varicocelectomy. Material and methods: This prospective, observational study includes 47 patients of age group 18–40 years who underwent microsurgical varicocelectomy during June 2016 to April 2018 at a tertiary medical institute. Testicular haemodynamic was evaluated using a colour spectral doppler study (PSV-Peak systolic velocity/ESV-End diastolic velocity/RI-Resistive index/PI-Pulsatility index). Semen analysis parameters and testicular blood flow were compared with pre-operative values. Results: RI in the capsular artery of varicocele affected testis, which was 0.61 ± 0.11 (mean ± SD), significantly reduced to 0.56 ± 0.09 (mean ± SD) in post-operative follow-up, indicating improved perfusion. Pre-operative sperm density was noted to be 15.94 ± 7.88 (mean ± SD), which improved to 28.41 ± 10.99, Progressive sperm motility from 33.81 ± 10.88 to 38.32 ± 9.21 and morphology from 36.13 ± 10.68 to 41.43 ± 9.29 on 6-month follow-ups ( p < 0.05). Conclusion: Varicocele testis is associated with altered testicular haemodynamic, which insults spermatogenesis. Microsurgical varicocelectomy with testicular artery and lymphatic preservation leads to correction of this altered haemodynamic state and improves the testicular microcirculation.

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Comparison of Gray Scale and Color Doppler Sonography with Cytopathology Findings in Cervical Lymphadenopathy in Tertiary Level Hospital

Nepalese Journal of Radiology ◽

10.3126/njr.v9i2.27414 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 10-16

Author(s):

Dosti Regmi ◽

Benu Lohani ◽

Prakash Kayastha ◽

Shreya Shreevastav ◽

Sharma Paudel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lymph Nodes ◽

Color Doppler ◽

Cervical Lymphadenopathy ◽

Peak Systolic Velocity ◽

Resistive Index ◽

Cervical Region ◽

Vascular Pattern ◽

Gray Scale ◽

Predictive Values ◽

Doppler Study

Introduction: Cervical region is the commonest area of lymphadenopathy which is easily accessible to ultrasound and Doppler study. The morphological and vascular-architectural differences among various nodal diseases aids in differentiating benign from malignant causes. Methods: The study was done on the 108 patients referred to Department of Radiology andImaging, TUTH for ultrasound of cervical lymphadenopathy who subsequently underwentFNAC examination. Gray scale evaluation for morphology of the nodes along with Doppler evaluation for resistive index (RI), pulsatility index (PI) and Peak systolic velocity (PSV) were done and correlated with FNAC findings. Results: Among the 108 lymph nodes, 24 were proven to be malignant on FNAC. Features such as S/L ratio >0.5, absence of echogenic hilum, and abnormal vascular pattern demonstrated sensitivities of 96%, 92%, and 87%, specificities of 74%, 65% and 77% and positive predictive values (PPVs) of 51%, 43%, and 55% respectively. The cutoff values for RI, PI and PSV were found to be 0.705, 1.34 and 17.5 cm/s with sensitivities of 96%, 96% and 87%, specificities of 95%, 99% and 88% and positive predictive values (PPVs) of 85%, 95% and 70% respectively. Conclusion: Ultrasound findings of S/L ratio, absence of echogenic hilum, abnormal vascular pattern and Doppler indices revealed good sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy in differentiating benign and malignant lymph nodes.

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Correlation of progression of diabetic retinopathy with the alterations in retrobulbar circulation

Nepalese Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.3126/nepjoph.v5i2.8705 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 147-153 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

S Sood ◽

Subina Narang ◽

S Kocchhar ◽

S Sarda ◽

S Aggarwal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

Normal Population ◽

Color Doppler ◽

Case Series ◽

Peak Systolic Velocity ◽

Resistive Index ◽

Doppler Imaging ◽

Arterial Circulation ◽

Diastolic Velocity ◽

Group I

Introduction: Color Doppler Imaging (CDI) is used widely to study retrobulbar circulation. Objectives: To determine the association between progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and alterations in retrobulbar arterial circulation using CDI studies. Materials and methods: Prospective observational case series. It is single institutional study of 50eyes of nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy in 50 patients with type II diabetes mellitus. DR was graded according to ETDRS system. Retrobulbar circulation was studied in patients for Peak systolic velocity (PSV), End diastolic velocity (EDV) and Resistive index (RI) in Central retinal artery (CRA), Ophthalmic artery (OA) and Posterior ciliary artery (PCA) using CDI initially and reevaluated after 6 months or later for any change in retinopathy grade and arterial circulation parameters. The patients were grouped as Group I not showing progression of DR and Group II showing progression. The two groups were compared for any significant change in CDI parameters. Results: The baseline resistive indices were higher than normal population. There was significant increase in RI in PCA and CRA in all patients after 6 months. 14 patients (28%) showed progression of DR and 36 (72%) did not show progression of DR. There was no significant association with progression of retinopathy and CDI findings. (p=>0.05). Conclusion: The retrobulbar arterial circulation seems to be affected in all diabetics with DR. The changes appear to be progressive. The CDI findings in arterial circulation however lack predictive power for progression of diabetic retinopathy in non proliferative DR. Nepal J Ophthalmol 2013; 5(10): 147-153 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nepjoph.v5i2.8705

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Cerebral Hemodyanamics in Stable Preterm Infants Before and After Packed Cell Transfusion

10.21203/rs.3.rs-121066/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Chinmay Chetan ◽

Nyein Zaw ◽

Pradeep Suryawanshi ◽

Nishant Banait ◽

Prince Pareek ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Preterm Infants ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Peak Systolic Velocity ◽

Resistive Index ◽

Interquartile Range ◽

P Value ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Doppler Study ◽

Diastolic Velocity ◽

Before And After

Abstract BACKGROUND In a year around 3.5 million preterm deliveries occur in India alone. Some of these babies will require packed cell volume (PCV) transfusion. There is a paucity of robust data on effect of blood transfusions on the cerebral hemodynamic from India. This study was done to see the effect of PCV transfusion on blood flow velocities and resistive index (RI) of anterior cerebral artery (ACA) in stable preterm infants. METHOD A prospective observational study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Pune, India. All stable preterm infants (<37 weeks) receiving PCV transfusion were enrolled. USG Doppler study of ACA was done before and after PCV transfusion. Peak systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocity (EDV) and RI were measured pre and post PCV transfusion. RESULTS Thirty infants were included in the study, with median gestation age of 28.8 [interquartile range {IQR}, 27-30.55] weeks and median birth weight of 970 [interquartile range {IQR}, 869.5-1190] grams. There was a significant decrease in PSV pre and post PCV transfusion - 58.46 (±18.44) cm/sec and 46.34 (±13.93) cm/sec respectively (p value <0.001). Changes in RI and EDV were non-significant.CONCLUSION PCV transfusion significantly decreased PSV, reflecting improved cerebral oxygenation, and decreased cardiac output after correction of anaemia. Laboratory threshold for PCV transfusion in stable preterm infants are not known. USG Doppler study has the potential to provide one of the objective criteria for PCV transfusion in these infants though large scale randomized controlled trials are needed to prove its efficacy.

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Computer-aided identification of novel ophthalmic artery waveform parameters in healthy subjects and glaucoma patients

Modeling and Artificial Intelligence in Ophthalmology ◽

10.35119/maio.v1i2.31 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 59-69

Author(s):

Lucia Carichino ◽

Giovanna Guidoboni ◽

Alice Chandra Verticchio Vercellin ◽

Giovanni Milano ◽

Carlo Alberto Cutolo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Correlation Coefficient ◽

Ophthalmic Artery ◽

Open Angle Glaucoma ◽

Color Doppler ◽

Peak Systolic Velocity ◽

Resistive Index ◽

Doppler Imaging ◽

Healthy Individuals ◽

Diastolic Velocity ◽

Computer Aided

Purpose: Arterial waveform parameters (WPs) are commonly used to monitor and diagnose systemic diseases. Color Doppler Imaging (CDI) is a consolidated technique to measure blood velocity profile in some of the major ocular vessels. This study proposes a computer-aided manipulation process of ophthalmic artery (OA) CDI images to classify and quantify WPs that might be significant in the assessment of glaucoma.Methods: Fifty CDI images acquired by four different operators on nine healthy individuals and 38 CDI images of 38 open-angle glaucoma (OAG) patients were considered. An ad-hoc semi-automated image processing code was implemented to detect the digitalized OA velocity waveform and to extract the WPs. Concordance correlation coefficient (CCC), two-sample t-test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient were used to test for similarities, differences and associations among variables.Results: The OA-CDI images manipulation proposed showed a higher concordance between measured peak systolic velocity (PSV) data and extracted PSV data (0.80≤CCC≤0.98) than on end diastolic velocity (EDV) (0.45≤CCC≤0.63) and resistive index (RI) (0.30≤CCC≤0.58) data. In OAG patients, EDV, RI, subendocardial viability ratio (SEVR), period (T), area ratio (f) and normalized distance between ascending and descending limb (DAD/T) were found statistically correlated to at least one of the following factors: gender, age, ocular medications and year of diagnosis. When compared to healthy individuals, OAG patients OA-CDI profiles showed statistically higher values of f (p < 0.001) and DAD/T (p = 0.002) (p-values corrected by age and gender).Conclusion: The proposed computer-aided manipulation of OA-CDI images allowed to identify DAD/T as a novel WP that vary significantly among healthy individuals and OAG patients, and among female and male OAG patients. Future studies on longitudinal OAG data are suggested to investigate the potential of DAD/T to predict severity and progression of the disease.

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Duplex Color Doppler Evaluation of Retinal Arterial Blood Flow in Type 2 Diabetic Subjects without Retinopathy

Journal of Enam Medical College ◽

10.3329/jemc.v4i3.20948 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 168-173

Author(s):

Mashah Binte Amin ◽

Farzana Shegufta ◽

Md Towhidur Rahman ◽

Tarana Yasmin ◽

Khaleda Parvin Rekha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Healthy Subjects ◽

Color Doppler ◽

Peak Systolic Velocity ◽

Resistive Index ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Diastolic Velocity ◽

Healthy Control ◽

Retinal Artery ◽

Type 2 Diabetic

Background: Diabetic retinopathy is a vascular disorder affecting the microvasculature of retina. It is caused by changes in the blood vessels of retina. If untreated, it may lead to blindness which is usually preventable if retinopathy is diagnosed early and treated promptly. In ophthalmology, color Doppler imaging is a new method that enables us to assess the orbital vasculature. It allows for simultaneous two dimensional anatomical and Doppler evaluations of hemodynamic characteristics of retinal artery. Objective: To observe the difference between Doppler flow velocity indices (peak systolic velocity, end diastolic velocity and resistive index) of retinal artery in type 2 diabetic subjects without retinopathy and those of normal controls. Materials and Methods: This case-control study was carried out in the department of Radiology and Imaging, Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders (BIRDEM) in collaboration with Ophthalmology Outpatient Department, BIRDEM, Dhaka from July 2011 to June 2013. Eighty diabetic patients without retinopathy aged 2768 years were enrolled as cases and age and sex matched 80 healthy subjects were selected as controls. Type 1 diabetic patients, type 2 diabetics with retinopathy, hypertensive and dyslipidemic subjects were excluded from the study. All the selected subjects underwent duplex Doppler ultrasonography of both eyes using 5 to 7.5 MHZ linear phase transducer. Duplex color Doppler findings including spectral analysis (PSV, EDV and RI) were recorded. Unpaired t test was done to compare blood flow velocity indices of retinal artery in type 2 diabetic patients without retinopathy and that of healthy control subjects. p value <0.05 was considered as significant. Results: Majority (42.5% and 47.5%) of subjects were in 4th decade of life in both groups with predominance of males. The mean duration of diabetes was 4.56 ± 2.1 years. Mean peak systolic velocity (PSV) in 80 diabetic patients without retinopathy was 10.70 ± 1.50 cm/sec ranging 5.3016.10 cm/sec and that of 80 healthy subjects was 11.27 ± 0.98 cm/sec ranging 9.013.10 cm/sec. Mean end diastolic velocity (EDV) in 80 diabetic patients without retinopathy was 2.58 ± 0.67 cm/sec ranging 1.00 5.10 cm/sec and that of 80 healthy subjects was 4.11 ± 2.7 cm/sec ranging 3.004.60 cm/sec. Mean resistive index (RI) in 80 diabetic patients without retinopathy was 0.75 ± 0.04 ranging 0.660.81 and that of 80 healthy subjects was 0.64 ± 0.02 ranging 0.600.70. Mean difference of retinal arterial RI of diabetic subjects without retinopathy and healthy control eyes was statistically significant (p<0.001). Conclusion: From the present study it can be concluded that, there is statistically significant difference between retinal arterial RI of type 2 diabetic patients without retinopathy and that of healthy control adult subjects. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jemc.v4i3.20948 J Enam Med Col 2014; 4(3): 168-173

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Feasibility of Ultrafast Doppler technique for cranial ultrasound in neonates

Medical Ultrasonography ◽

10.11152/mu-1901 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

pp. 288

Author(s):

Hyun Gi Kim ◽

Jang Hoon Lee

Keyword(s):

Cerebral Artery ◽

Anterior Cerebral Artery ◽

Posterior Cerebral Artery ◽

Peak Systolic Velocity ◽

Resistive Index ◽

Quantitative Information ◽

Cranial Ultrasound ◽

Doppler Us ◽

Diastolic Velocity ◽

Cranial Arteries

Aims: The aim of this study was to compare the performances of Ultrafast Doppler ultrasound (US) with classic Doppler US, for cranial ultrasound in neonates.Materials and methods: We measured the peak systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocity (EDV) and resistive index (RI) of the anterior cerebral artery (ACA), middle cerebral artery (MCA) and posterior cerebral artery (PCA) in neonates using both conventional and Ultrafast Doppler US and acquisition times were compared. Distal ACA branches were assessed with Ultrafast Doppler US.Results: A total of 138 neonates were included. The PSV and EDV of the cranial arteries were comparable between the two Doppler methods (PSV, 64.6-85.5 cm/s vs. 63.4-84.1 cm/s, p=0.100-0.510; EDV, 19.1-26.5 cm/s vs. 17.8-24.2 cm/s, p=0.100-0.981). The RIs of the ACA and PCA were not significantly different (0.69-0.73 vs 0.68-0.74, p=0.174-0.810). Ultrafast Doppler US required shorter acquisition times than conventional Doppler US (6.7 s vs. 11.0 s, p=0.003). The PSV and EDV of the distal ACA were higher than the proximal ACA (20.1-63.3 cm/s vs. 9.4-36.7, p<0.001) although the RI was similar (0.69 vs. 0.68, p=0.251).Conclusions: Ultrafast Doppler US provides comparable values to conventional Doppler US with shorter acquisition times. This novel imaging technique provides quantitative information and is suitable for distal cranial artery evaluation.

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Role of Color Doppler Imaging in Early Diagnosis and Prediction of Progression in Glaucoma

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2013/871689 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Fatima Jimenez-Aragon ◽

Elena Garcia-Martin ◽

Raquel Larrosa-Lopez ◽

Jose M. Artigas-Martín ◽

Pilar Seral-Moral ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Early Diagnosis ◽

Color Doppler ◽

Resistive Index ◽

Color Doppler Imaging ◽

Roc Curves ◽

Doppler Imaging ◽

Operating Characteristics ◽

Diastolic Velocity ◽

Retinal Artery

This longitudinal and prospective study analyzes the ability of orbital blood flow measured by color Doppler imaging (CDI) to predict glaucoma progression in patients with glaucoma risk factors. Patients with normal perimetry but having glaucoma risk factors and patients in the initial phase of glaucoma were prospectively included in the study and divided, after a five-year follow-up, into two groups: “Progression” and “No Progression” based on the changes in the Moorfields regression analysis (MRA) classification of Heidelberg retina tomograph (HRT). An orbital CDI was performed in all patients and the parameters obtained were correlated with changes in HRT. A logistic discrimination function (LDF) was calculated for ophthalmic artery (OA) and central retinal artery (CRA) parameters. Receiver operating characteristics curves (ROC) were used to assess the usefulness of LDFs to predict glaucomatous progression. A total of 71 eyes were included. End-diastolic velocity, time-averaged velocity, and resistive index in the OA and CRA were significantly different (P<0.05) between the Progression and No Progression groups. The area under the ROC curves calculated for both LDFs was of 0.695 (OA) and 0.624 (CRA). More studies are needed to evaluate the ability of CDI to perform early diagnosis and to predict progression in glaucoma in eyes.

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The Effect of Testosterone Replacement Therapy on Penile Hemodynamics in Hypogonadal Men With Erectile Dysfunction, Having Veno-Occlusive Dysfunction

American Journal of Men s Health ◽

10.1177/1557988318754931 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 634-638 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Ozan Efesoy ◽

Selahittin Çayan ◽

Erdem Akbay

Keyword(s):

Erectile Dysfunction ◽

Replacement Therapy ◽

Erectile Function ◽

Peak Systolic Velocity ◽

Resistive Index ◽

Testosterone Replacement ◽

Testosterone Replacement Therapy ◽

Testosterone Levels ◽

Diastolic Velocity ◽

Physiological Serum

Hypogonadism may cause veno-occlusive dysfunction (VOD) by structural and biochemical alterations in the cavernosal tissue. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) on penile hemodynamics in hypogonadal men with erectile dysfunction and VOD. The study included 32 hypogonadal men with erectile dysfunction, having VOD. All patients underwent penile color Doppler ultrasonography (PCDU) at the beginning and 6 months after the initial evaluation. Erectile function was evaluated with the 5-item version of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5); hypogonadism was evaluated by testosterone measurement and the Aging Male Symptoms (AMS) scale. All patients received transdermal testosterone 50 mg/day for 6 months. Clinical and radiological findings were compared before and 6 months after the TRT. The mean age was 58.81 ± 4.56 (52–69) years. Mean total testosterone levels were 181.06 ± 39.84 ng/dL and 509.00 ± 105.57 ng/dL before and after the therapy, respectively ( p < .001). While all patients had physiological serum testosterone levels (>320 ng/dL) after the therapy, three cases (9.3%) had no clinical improvement of hypogonadism symptoms. Cavernosal artery peak systolic velocity (PSV) and resistive index (RI) significantly increased, and end diastolic velocity (EDV) significantly decreased after TRT. VOD no longer existed in 21 (65.6%) of the cases. This study demonstrated that TRT may restore penile hemodynamics in hypogonadal men with VOD.

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