Diffusion kurtosis imaging assessment of the response to radiotherapy in a VX2 bone tumor model: an animal study

2021 ◽  
pp. 028418512198951
Author(s):  
Jia Guo ◽  
Cheng Dong ◽  
Zengjie Wu ◽  
Weikai Sun ◽  
Xiaoli Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Tumor Cell ◽  
Bone Tumors ◽  
Tumor Model ◽  
Poor Response ◽  
Early Response ◽  
Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging ◽  
Malignant Bone Tumors ◽  
Response Group ◽  
Diffusion Kurtosis

Background Neoadjuvant radiotherapy plays a vital role in the treatment of malignant bone tumors, and non-invasive imaging methods are needed to evaluate the response to treatment. Purpose To assess the value of diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) for monitoring early response to radiotherapy in malignant bone tumors. Material and Methods Treatment response was evaluated in a rabbit VX2 bone tumor model (n = 35) using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), DKI, and histopathologic examinations. Subjects were divided into three groups: pre-treatment, post-treatment, and control groups. The post-treatment group was subclassified into good response and poor response groups according to the results of histopathologic examination. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and DKI parameters (mean diffusion coefficient [MD] and mean kurtosis [MK]) were recorded. The relationship between ADC, DKI parameters, and histopathologic changes after radiotherapy was determined using Pearson’s correlation coefficient. The diagnostic performance of these parameters was assessed using receiver operating characteristic analysis. Results MD in the good response group was higher after treatment than before treatment ( P < 0.001) and higher than that in the poor response group ( P = 0.009). MD was highly correlated with tumor cell density and apoptosis rate (r = −0.771, P < 0.001 and r = 0.625, P < 0.001, respectively). MD was superior to other parameters for determining the curative effect of radiotherapy, with a sensitivity of 75.0%, specificity of 100.0%, and area under the curve of 0.917 ( P < 0.001). Conclusion The correlations between MD, tumor cell density, and apoptosis suggest that MD could be useful for assessing the early response to radiotherapy in rabbit VX2 malignant bone tumors.

Differentiation of microinfiltration and simple-edema areas in VX2 bone tumors by diffusion kurtosis imaging in animal experiments: a preliminary study

2021 ◽  
pp. 028418512110175
Author(s):  
Fang Yajun ◽  
Tang Limin ◽  
Zhou Ruizhi ◽  
Xu Qi ◽  
Chen Haisong
Keyword(s):  
Bone Tumors ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Mean Diffusivity ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging ◽  
Tumor Models ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Malignant Bone Tumors ◽  
Diagnostic Values ◽  
Diffusion Kurtosis

Background Dual-energy computed tomography, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), and dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) can be used to distinguish microinvasion areas of malignant bone tumors. However, reports of diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) to determine the extent of intramedullary infiltration are relatively rare. Purpose To assess the application value of MR-DKI in differentiating areas of microinfiltration and simple edema in rabbit bone VX2 tumor models. Material and Methods Conventional MRI and DKI were performed on 25 successfully constructed rabbit VX2 bone tumor models. We acquired a midline sagittal section of the tumor for hematoxylin and eosin staining. Using pathological findings as the gold standard and combining them with MRI data, strict point-to-point control was performed to delineate regions of interest (ROIs) in the microinfiltration and simple-edema areas of bone tumors for quantitative measurement of mean diffusivity (MD) and mean kurtosis (MK). MD and MK values between microinfiltration and simple-edema areas were compared using an independent sample t-test, and the diagnostic values were evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results In comparison with the simple-edema area, the micro-infiltration area demonstrated significantly smaller MD values and larger MK values ( P < 0.05), and MD showed a better area under the curve (AUC) than MK (AUC = 0.884 vs. AUC = 0.690) for distinguishing the microinfiltration area from the simple-edema area. The optimal cutoff MD value was 1108.5 mm2/s with a sensitivity of 84% and specificity of 84%. Conclusion DKI can distinguish the microinfiltration and simple-edema areas of malignant bone tumors in animal experiments.

Early evaluation of radiation-induced parotid damage with diffusion kurtosis imaging: a preliminary study

2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nan Zhou ◽  
Weibo Chen ◽  
Xia Pan ◽  
Jian He ◽  
Jing Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Observer Agreement ◽  
Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging ◽  
Parotid Glands ◽  
Early Evaluation ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Diffusion Kurtosis

Background Radiation-induced parotid gland damage is a common complication of radiotherapy (RT) in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), which always causes xerostomia, dysphagia, dental caries, and even sleep disorders. Early evaluation of radiation-induced parotid damage is required to facilitate early interventions. Purpose To early-evaluate radiation-induced parotid damage using diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) in patients with NPC undergoing RT. Material and Methods Thirty-two patients with NPC underwent DKI for parotid glands pre-RT (two weeks before RT), mid-RT (five weeks after RT began), and post-RT (four weeks after RT). Parotid volume, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), corrected diffusion coefficient (D), excess diffusion kurtosis coefficient (K) values, mean radiation dose, and xerostomia degrees were recorded and analyzed. Results During RT, parotid ADC (change rates = 41.3 ± 25.2% at mid-RT, 70.8 ± 34.3% at post-RT) and D (change rates = 41.9 ± 25.2% at mid-RT, 63.2 ± 30.2% at post-RT) increased, while parotid volume (atrophy rates = 31.5 ± 7.9% at mid-RT, 30.6 ± 10.3% at post-RT) and K (change rates = –17.8 ± 11.0% at mid-RT, –29.8 ± 9.0% at post-RT) decreased significantly (all P < 0.001). At post-RT, the change rate of parotid D values was significantly positively correlated with the mean radiation dose ( r = 0.455, P < 0.001). Parotid ADC, D, and K values showed excellent intra- and inter-observer agreement (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.946-0.985). Conclusion Radiation-induced parotid damage in patients with NPC undergoing RT could be effectively evaluated by DKI in the early stage.

scholarly journals Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Model of Diffusion Weighted Imaging and Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging in Differentiating of Local Colorectal Cancer Recurrence from Scar/Fibrosis Tissue by Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (23) ◽  
pp. 8609
Author(s):  
Roberta Fusco ◽  
Vincenza Granata ◽  
Mario Sansone ◽  
Robert Grimm ◽  
Paolo Delrio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Diffusion Weighted Imaging ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cancer Recurrence ◽  
Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging ◽  
Motion Model ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Recurrence ◽  
Diffusion Kurtosis ◽  
And Diffusion

Purpose: The aim of the study is to evaluate the potential of Intravoxel incoherent motion model of diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) in the differentiation of local colorectal cancer recurrence (LCR) from scar/fibrosis tissue in patients that underwent chemo-radiation therapy followed by the total mesorectal excision (TME) for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). Methods: Fifty-six patients were retrospectively included for the image analysis. Diffusion and perfusion parameters were extracted by DWI data (apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), pseudo-diffusion coefficient (Dp), perfusion fraction (fp), and tissue diffusivity (Dt)) and DKI data (mean of diffusion coefficient (MD) and mean of diffusional Kurtosis). Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney U test, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses, and area under ROC curve (AUC) were used in a univariate statistical analysis. Backward stepwise multivariate logistic regression analysis was also performed. Results: LCR was found in 34 patients and treatment related changes such as scar/fibrosis tissue in 22 patients. At univariate analysis, low performance was reached by the mean value of Kurtosis with and AUC of 0.72 and an accuracy of 75%, respectively. Considering a regression model obtained as weighted sum of the ADC, Kurtosis, fp and Dp mean values, reached an AUC of 0.82 with a sensitivity of 72%, a specificity of 93%, and an accuracy of 81%. Conclusions: DWI derived parameters combined with DKI derived metrics in a multivariate model could allow differentiating of local colorectal recurrence from scar/fibrosis tissue after TME of LARC.

scholarly journals Diffusion-Weighted MRI and Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging to Detect RAS Mutation in Colorectal Liver Metastasis

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2420
Author(s):  
Vincenza Granata ◽  
Roberta Fusco ◽  
Chiara Risi ◽  
Alessandro Ottaiano ◽  
Antonio Avallone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Liver Metastasis ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging ◽  
Ras Mutation ◽  
Diffusion Weighted ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Diffusion Kurtosis ◽  
And Diffusion

Objectives: To detect RAS mutation in colorectal liver metastasis by Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging (DWI-MRI) - and Diffusion Kurtosis imaging (DKI)-derived parameters. Methods: In total, 106 liver metastasis (60 metastases with RAS mutation) in 52 patients were included in this retrospective study. Diffusion and perfusion parameters were derived by DWI (apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), basal signal (S0), pseudo-diffusion coefficient (DP), perfusion fraction (FP) and tissue diffusivity (DT)) and DKI data (mean of diffusion coefficient (MD) and mean of diffusional Kurtosis (MK)). Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney U tests for non-parametric variables and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were calculated with area under ROC curve (AUC). Moreover, pattern recognition approaches (linear classifier, support vector machine, k-nearest neighbours, decision tree), with features selection methods and a leave-one-out cross validation approach, were considered. Results: A significant discrimination between the group with RAS mutation and the group without RAS mutation was obtained by the standard deviation value of MK (MK STD), by the mean value of MD, and by that of FP. The best results were reached by MK STD with an AUC of 0.80 (sensitivity of 72%, specificity of 85%, accuracy of 79%) using a cut-off of 203.90 × 10−3, and by the mean value of MD with AUC of 0.80 (sensitivity of 84%, specificity of 73%, accuracy of 77%) using a cut-off of 1694.30 mm2/s × 10−6. Considering all extracted features or the predictors obtained by the features selection method (the mean value of S0, the standard deviation value of MK, FP and of DT), the tested pattern recognition approaches did not determine an increase in diagnostic accuracy to detect RAS mutation (AUC of 0.73 and 0.69, respectively). Conclusions: Diffusion-Weighted imaging and Diffusion Kurtosis imaging could be used to detect the RAS mutation in liver metastasis. The standard deviation value of MK and the mean value of MD were the more accurate parameters in the RAS mutation detection, with an AUC of 0.80.

scholarly journals Diffusion kurtosis imaging and conventional diffusion weighted imaging to assess electrochemotherapy response in locally advanced pancreatic cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincenza Granata ◽  
Roberta Fusco ◽  
Sergio Venanzio Setola ◽  
Raffaele Palaia ◽  
Vittorio Albino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Diffusion Weighted Imaging ◽  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
Pulse Sequence ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging ◽  
Single Shot ◽  
Diffusion Weighted ◽  
Diffusion Kurtosis

Abstract Background The aim of the study was to evaluate diagnostic performance of functional parameters derived by conventional mono-exponential approach of diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and by diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) in the assessment of pancreatic tumours treated with electrochemotherapy (ECT). Patients and methods Twenty-one consecutive patients with locally advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma subjected to ECT were enrolled in a clinical approved trial. Among twenty-one enrolled patients, 13/21 (61.9%) patients were subjected to MRI before and after ECT. DWI was performed with a 1.5 T scanner; a free breathing axial single shot echo planar DWI pulse sequence parameters were acquired using seven b value = 0, 50, 100, 150, 400, 800, 1000 s/mm2. Apparent diffusion coefficient by conventional mono-exponential approach and mean of diffusion coefficient (MD) and mean of diffusional kurtosis (MK) by DKI approach were derived from DWI. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed and sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value were calculated. Results Among investigated diffusion parameters, only the MD derived by DKI showed a significant variation of values between pre and post treatment (p = 0.02 at Wilcoxon test) and a significant statistically difference for percentage change between responders and not responders (p = 0.01 at Kruskal Wallis test). MD had a good diagnostic performance with a sensitivity of 80%, a specificity of 100% and area under ROC of 0.933. Conclusions MD derived by DKI allows identifying responders and not responders patients subject to ECT treatment. MD had higher diagnostic performance to assess ECT response compared to conventional DWI derived parameters.

Scintigraphy with 99m Tc-Phosphonate and 67Gallium in Patients Suspected of Primary Bone Tumors

1982 ◽  
Vol 21 (04) ◽  
pp. 136-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.-J. Edeling
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Bone Scintigraphy ◽  
Primary Tumor ◽  
Bone Tumors ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Skeletal Metastases ◽  
Malignant Bone Tumors ◽  
67Ga Scintigraphy ◽  
Primary Bone Tumors ◽  
Primary Bone

Whole-body scintigraphy with both 99mTc-phosphonate and 67Ga was performed on 92 patients suspected of primary bone tumors. In 46 patients with primary malignant bone tumors, scintigraphy with 99mTc-phosphonate disclosed the primary tumor in 44 cases and skeletal metastases in 11, and 67Ga scintigraphy detected the primary tumor in 43 cases, skeletal metastases in 6 cases and soft-tissue metastases in 8 cases. In 25 patients with secondary malignant bone tumors, bone scintigraphy visualized a single lesion in 10 cases and several lesions in 15 cases, and 67Ga scintigraphy detected the primary tumor in 17 cases, skeletal metastases in 17 cases and soft-tissue metastases in 9 cases. In 21 patients with benign bone disease positive uptake of 99mTc-phosphonate was recognized in 19 cases and uptake of 67Ga in 17 cases. It is concluded that bone scintigraphy should be used in patients suspected of primary bone tumors. If malignancy is suspected, 67Ga scintigraphy should be performed in addition.

MR-Derived CT-Like Images and Simulated Radiographs versus Conventional Radiography in Patients with Benign and Malignant Bone Tumors

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Gersing ◽  
Daniela Muenzel ◽  
Felix Kopp ◽  
Benedikt Schwaiger ◽  
Carolin Knebel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Tumors ◽  
Conventional Radiography ◽  
Malignant Bone Tumors
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