Double-Blind Comparison of Maternal Analgesia and Neonatal Neurobehaviour following Intravenous Butorphanol and Meperidine

1979 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 224-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Hodgkinson ◽  
Robert W Huff ◽  
Robert H Hayashi ◽  
Farkhanda J Husain
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Severe Pain ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Analgesic Efficacy ◽  
Foetal Heart Rate ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Cervical Dilation ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Blind Comparison

Butorphanol (1 mg and 2 mg) and meperidine (40 mg and 80 mg), given intravenously, were evaluated for analgesic efficacy and safety in a double-blind randomized study employing 200 consenting pre-partum patients in moderate to severe pain during the late first stage of labour. Both drugs provided adequate relief of pain to the mothers. There was no significant difference in the rate of cervical dilation, the foetal heart rate, the Apgar score, pain relief or neonatal neurobehavioural scores between those receiving butorphanol and those receiving meperidine. Twenty-two mothers who received butorphanol and eleven who received meperidine nursed their infants with no adverse effects observed. Side-effects were generally infrequent in this study; however, more side-effects were reported by the patients and observed by the investigator in the meperidine-treated cases (13%) than in the cases treated with butorphanol (2%).

A Double-Blind Comparison of Pentazocine-Paracetamol and Dextropropoxyphene-Paracetamol Compound Tablets

1972 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
S G Flavell Matts
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Severe Pain ◽  
Significant Preference ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Blind Comparison ◽  
A Minor

In a double-blind cross-over comparison of two mild analgesic compound tablets patients in moderate or severe pain showed a significant preference for the pentazocine-paracetamol compound tablet. Side effects were of a minor nature only and no patient dropped out of the trial because of them. It is concluded that significantly more patients (p <0.01) prefer the pentazocine-paracetamol compound to the dextropropoxyphene-paracetamol compound.

scholarly journals Epidural Pethidine or Fentanyl during Caesarean Section: A Double-Blind Comparison

1989 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Paech
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Epidural Fentanyl ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Single Bolus Dose ◽  
Clinical Advantage ◽  
Blind Comparison

The onset, quality and duration of analgesia and side-effects of a single bolus dose of either epidural pethidine 50 mg or fentanyl 100 mcg, administered immediately post-delivery, were compared in a randomised, double-blind study of fifty-five women undergoing epidural caesarean section. The onset of effect was more rapid with fentanyl, a significantly larger number of women achieving complete pain relief fifteen minutes post-administration (P<0.05). The quality of analgesia was good in both groups and the quality and duration of effective analgesia not significantly different. The incidence and severity of side-effects were low, with no significant difference between groups. One patient in the pethidine group experienced early onset respiratory depression; however, she did not require active treatment. Epidural fentanyl 100 mcg appears to offer a small clinical advantage over pethidine 50 mg for intraoperative use during caesarean section.

A Comparison of Naproxen, Indomethacin and Acetylsalicylic Acid in Pain after Varicose Vein Surgery

1978 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulla Aromaa ◽  
Kari Asp
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Acetylsalicylic Acid ◽  
Postoperative Analgesia ◽  
Varicose Vein ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Analgesic Efficacy ◽  
Varicose Vein Surgery ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Post Operative Pain ◽  
Minor Surgery

Oral naproxen in doses of 500 mg and 750 mg daily was compared with oral indomethacin, 75 mg daily, in a double-blind, completely randomized study of patients with post-operative pain after out-patient varicose vein surgery. Altogether, 120 patients were studied. In the study 750 mg naproxen proved to be equal in respect of analgesic efficacy to 75 mg indomethacin, and it was clearly superior to 1500 mg acetylsalicylic acid. Naproxen, 500 to 750 mg daily, afforded adequate postoperative analgesia in 98% of patients. The side-effects were mild. On the basis of the study, naproxen can be recommended as a pain-relieving drug after minor surgery, particularly when an antiphlogistic effect is also desirable.

scholarly journals Polymorphism of μ-Opioid Receptor Gene (OPRM1:c.118A>G) Might Not Protect against or Enhance Morphine-Induced Nausea or Vomiting

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Kuei Chen ◽  
Shiou-Sheng Chen ◽  
Chi-Hsiang Huang ◽  
Hong-Jyh Yang ◽  
Chen-Jung Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Opioid Receptor ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Patient Control Analgesia ◽  
Morphine Consumption ◽  
Nucleotide Position ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Equilibrium Test

A cohort, double blind, and randomized study was conducted to investigate the effect of a single nucleotide polymorphism of the μ-opioid receptor at nucleotide position 118 (OPRM1:c.118A>G) on the association with the most common side effects (nausea or vomiting) induced by intravenous patient control analgesia (IVPCA) with morphine, including incidence and severity analysis. A total of 129 Taiwanese women undergoing gynecology surgery received IVPCA with pure morphine for postoperative pain relief. Blood samples were collected and sequenced with high resolution melting analysis to detect three different genotypes of OPRM1 (AA, AG, and GG). All candidates 24 h postoperatively will be interviewed to record the clinical phenotype with subjective complaints and objective observations. The genotyping after laboratory analysis showed that 56 women (43.4%) were AA, 57 (44.2%) were AG, and 16 (12.4%) were GG. The distribution of genotype did not violate Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium test. There was no significant difference neither between the severity and incidence of IVPCA morphine-induced side effects and genotype nor between the association between morphine consumption versus genotype. However, there was significant difference of the relation between morphine consumption and the severity and incidence of IVPCA morphine-induced nausea and vomiting. The genetic analysis for the severity and incidence of IVPCA morphine-induced nausea or vomiting showed no association between phenotype and genotype. It might imply that OPRM1:c.118A>G does not protect against IVPCA morphine-induced nausea or vomiting.

Double-Blind Comparison of Alclofenac and Aspirin in the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis

1974 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
S S Bedi
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Therapeutic Efficacy ◽  
Morning Stiffness ◽  
Analgesic Efficacy ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Chronic Stage ◽  
American Rheumatism Association ◽  
Blind Comparison

In a double-blind short term cross-over study, designed to evaluate the analgesic efficacy of alclofenac, 500 mg thrice daily against aspirin, 866 mg thrice daily, fifty patients in a chronic stage of classical or definite rheumatoid arthritis (according to American Rheumatism Association ( 1959) criteria) were selected. The criteria of assessment included pain, function and morning stiffness. The patients' and physician's overall preferences and opinion on tolerance were also recorded. Forty-eight patients completed the study successfully. The study showed that both drugs were significantly effective in relieving pain but there was no difference between the two preparations and neither drug made any improvement to function or morning stiffness. The patients' and physician's preferences and opinion on the therapeutic efficacy were almost equally divided between the two drugs. However, the instances of side-effects were a little higher ( 44%) with aspirin than with alclofenac ( 34%). It appears from this study that in chronic rheumatoid arthritis the analgesic activity of 1·5 g alclofenac is equivalent to 2·6 g (approx.) of aspirin.

A Double-Blind Comparison of Meptazinol and Placebo in Patients with Acute and Chronic Pain Presenting to the General Practitioner

1982 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 408-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
C E Parker ◽  
A F Langrick
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Analgesic Efficacy ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Clinical Evaluations ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chronic Pain Patients ◽  
Blind Comparison ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Pain Patients

In a double-blind study the analgesic efficacy and acceptability of meptazinol 200 mg was compared with placebo in patients suffering from acute or chronic pain. Patients were randomly allocated to receive either 200 mg of meptazinol or one tablet of placebo 4 to 6 hourly over a 14-day period. Clinical evaluations were made by the physician at baseline and again at the end of the study. The patients made daily recordings of pain using a visual analogue scale. The results showed that meptazinol was a more effective and acceptable analgesic than placebo. There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse effects reported by patients in either treatment group.

Chlormezanone in the Treatment of Migraine Attacks: A Double Blind Comparison with Diazepam and Placebo

Cephalalgia ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 205-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peer Tfelt-Hansen ◽  
Kai Jensen ◽  
Per Vendsborg ◽  
Martin Lauritzen ◽  
Jes Olesen
Keyword(s):  
Severe Pain ◽  
Treatment Result ◽  
Acute Migraine ◽  
Treatment Results ◽  
Standard Regimen ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Blind Comparison ◽  
Acute Migraine Attack

One hundred and fifty patients treated for an acute migraine attack all received a standard regimen consisting of metoclopramide 10 mg i.m. and—20 min later—paracetamol 1 g orally. Simultaneous trial medication was given. This consisted of placebo, diazepam 5 mg as tablets, or chlormezanone 400 mg as capsules given in a double dummy fashion. A successful treatment result was defined as a decrease of two or three steps on a four-point verbal pain report scale, and no need for further treatment. Patients with severe pain (all three treatment groups together) showed significantly better treatment results ( p < 0.001) than patients with pain of medium severity. In the group with severe pain there was no significant difference between diazepam, chlormezanone or placebo. In the group with pain of medium severity there was a significant ( p < 0.01) effect of chlormezanone, but no significant effect of diazepam. Chlormezanone may possibly be a valuable addition to antiemetic and analgesic therapy of migraine attacks.

Efficacy and Safety of Single and Repeated Administration of 1 Gram Intravenous Acetaminophen Injection (Paracetamol) for Pain Management after Major Orthopedic Surgery

2005 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 822-831 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond S. Sinatra ◽  
Jonathan S. Jahr ◽  
Lowell W. Reynolds ◽  
Eugene R. Viscusi ◽  
Scott B. Groudine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pain Relief ◽  
Orthopedic Surgery ◽  
Severe Pain ◽  
Analgesic Efficacy ◽  
Repeated Administration ◽  
Adverse Event Reporting ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Major Orthopedic Surgery ◽  
Intravenous Acetaminophen

Background Intravenous acetaminophen injection (paracetamol) is marketed in Europe for the management of acute pain. A repeated-dose, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, three-parallel group study was performed to evaluate the analgesic efficacy and safety of intravenous acetaminophen as compared with its prodrug (propacetamol) and placebo. Propacetamol has been available in many European countries for more than 20 yr. Methods After orthopedic surgery, patients reporting moderate to severe pain received either 1 g intravenous acetaminophen, 2 g propacetamol, or placebo at 6-h intervals over 24 h. Patients were allowed "rescue" intravenous patient-controlled analgesia morphine. Pain intensity, pain relief, and morphine use were measured at selected intervals. Safety was monitored through adverse event reporting, clinical examination, and laboratory testing. Results One hundred fifty-one patients (intravenous acetaminophen: 49; propacetamol: 50; placebo: 52) received at least one dose of study medication. The intravenous acetaminophen and propacetamol groups differed significantly from the placebo group regarding pain relief from 15 min to 6 h (P &lt; 0.05) and median time to morphine rescue (intravenous acetaminophen: 3 h; propacetamol: 2.6 h; placebo: 0.8 h). Intravenous acetaminophen and propacetamol significantly reduced morphine consumption over the 24-h period: The total morphine doses received over 24 h were 38.3 +/- 35.1 mg for intravenous acetaminophen, 40.8 +/- 30.2 mg for propacetamol, and 57. 4 +/- 52.3 mg for placebo, corresponding to decreases of -33% (19 mg) and -29% (17 mg) for intravenous acetaminophen and propacetamol, respectively. Drug-related adverse events were reported in 8.2%, 50% (most of them local), and 17.3% of patients treated with intravenous acetaminophen, propacetamol, and placebo, respectively. Conclusion Intravenous acetaminophen, 1 g, administered over a 24-h period in patients with moderate to severe pain after orthopedic surgery provided rapid and effective analgesia and was well tolerated.

A Combination of Buprenorphine and Naloxone Compared with Buprenorphine Administered Intramuscularly in Postoperative Patients

1986 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 148-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Roily ◽  
J Poelaert ◽  
H Mungroop ◽  
H Paelinck
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Severe Pain ◽  
Analgesic Efficacy ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Gynaecological Surgery ◽  
Assessment Time

Sixty patients suffering from moderate to severe pain following either orthopaedic or gynaecological surgery were treated with intramuscular buprenorphine (0·3 mg) or an intramuscular combination of buprenorphine (0·3 mg)/naloxone (0·2 mg) and the analgesic efficacy and safety of the two treatments was compared. The evaluation of efficacy showed that both treatments provided good analgesia which was apparent at the first assessment time (10 minutes) and continued for approximately 10 hours. Only seven patients suffered from unwanted side-effects with only drowsiness/sleepiness and nausea being reported by more than one patient. Over-all analysis of the results showed that there were no significant differences between the two treatments with regard to efficacy and safety.

Butorphanol: A Double-Blind Comparison with Pentazocine in Post-Operative Patients with Moderate to Severe Pain

1976 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 255-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
M S Gilbert ◽  
R S Forman ◽  
D S Moylan ◽  
F S Caruso
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Pain Relief ◽  
Randomized Trial ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Severe Pain ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Common Side Effect ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Maximum Pain ◽  
Blind Comparison

A double-blind, randomized trial was conducted with 124 post-operative patients to compare the analgesic activity and possible side-effects of a new synthetic analgesic—butorphanol tartrate (1, 2, and 4 mg)—and pentazocine lactate (30 and 60 mg), administered intramuscularly. Butorphanol was determined to be 16 times more potent than pentazocine, on a weight basis. Both medications provided maximum pain relief within one hour after administration, and had comparable durations of action. Drowsiness was the most common side-effect, and it appeared to be dose-related in all test groups.

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