Macrophage Electrophoretic Migration Test for Lymphocyte Sensitization to Tumor Antigens.

1974 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Tognella ◽  
Giovanni Mantovani ◽  
Carlo Floris ◽  
Letizia Cengiarotti ◽  
Gennaro S. Del Giacco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hodgkin's Disease ◽  
Tumor Antigens ◽  
Hodgkin’S Disease ◽  
Malignant Neoplasm ◽  
Migration Test ◽  
Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Electrophoretic Migration ◽  
Lymphatic Leukemia ◽  
In Vitro Diagnostic

The macrophage electrophoretic migration test (MEM test) of Field and Caspary was used to study the sensitization to tumor antigens of blood lymphocytes of patients with solid tumor (7), chronic lymphatic leukemia (3), and Hodgkin's disease (8). Our preliminary results are partially in keeping with those of the English authors: blood lymphocytes from some patients with malignant neoplasm seem to be sensitised to crude cancer material irrespective of the type of the tumor from which it derives. The MEM test was negative in the 4 patients with Hodgkin's disease in remission and positive in the 4 patients with active disease. It is believed that further studies are needed before accepting this test as an in vitro diagnostic test for cancer.

scholarly journals Multianalyte Tests for the Early Detection of Cancer: Speedbumps and Barriers

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 117727190700200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Tainsky ◽  
Madhumita Chatterjee ◽  
Nancy K. Levin ◽  
Sorin Draghici ◽  
Judith Abrams
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Tumor Antigens ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Clinical Intervention ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Molecular Event ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
In Vitro Diagnostic

It has become very clear that a single molecular event is inadequate to accurately predict the biology (or pathophysiology) of cancer. Furthermore, using any single molecular event as a biomarker for the early detection of malignancy may not comprehensively identify the majority of individuals with that disease. Therefore, the fact that technologies have arisen that can simultaneously detect several, possibly hundreds, of biomarkers has propelled the field towards the development of multianalyte-based in vitro diagnostic early detection tests for cancer using body fluids such as serum, plasma, sputum, saliva, or urine. These multianalyte tests may be based on the detection of serum autoantibodies to tumor antigens, the presence of cancer-related proteins in serum, or the presence of tumor-specific genomic changes that appear in plasma as free DNA. The implementation of non-invasive diagnostic approaches to detect early stage cancer may provide the physician with evidence of cancer, but the question arises as to how the information will affect the pathway of clinical intervention. The confirmation of a positive result from an in vitro diagnostic cancer test may involve relatively invasive procedures to establish a true cancer diagnosis. If in vitro diagnostic tests are proven to be both specific, i.e. rarely produce false positive results due to unrelated conditions, and sufficiently sensitive, i.e. rarely produce false negative results, then such screening tests offer the potential for early detection and personalized therapeutics using multiple disease-related targets with convenient and non-invasive means. Here we discuss the technical and regulatory barriers inherent in development of clinical multianalyte biomarker assays.

scholarly journals Increased blood clearance rate of indium-111 oxine-labeled autologous CD4+ blood cells in untreated patients with Hodgkin's disease

Blood ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 583-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Grimfors ◽  
G Holm ◽  
H Mellstedt ◽  
PO Schnell ◽  
O Tullgren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hodgkin's Disease ◽  
Gamma Camera ◽  
Hodgkin’S Disease ◽  
Gradient Centrifugation ◽  
Blood Clearance ◽  
Cd4 Cells ◽  
Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Complete Clinical Remission ◽  
Biologic Response ◽  
Indium 111

Abstract Untreated patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD) have a blood T- lymphocytopenia mainly caused by a reduction of the CD4+ subset. Indirect support for a sequestration of T cells in the spleen and tumor- involved lymphoid tissue has accumulated. To test the hypothesis that the blood CD4 T-lymphocytopenia in patients with HD is caused by an altered lymphocyte traffic, 12 untreated HD patients and five in complete clinical remission (CCR) were studied. Blood lymphocytes were collected by leukapheresis and gradient centrifugation, and were further purified by an adherence step. The cells were labeled with indium-111 oxine and reinfused intravenously into the patient. The radioactivity of CD4+ and CD8+ blood lymphocytes separated by immunoabsorption was measured from serial blood samples. CD4+ cells were eliminated more rapidly in untreated patients than patients in CCR. Repeated gamma camera imaging after autotransfusion of indium-111 oxine labeled cells demonstrated an accumulation of radioactivity in tumor-involved tissue of untreated patients. These findings support the concept of an enhanced elimination of CD4+ cells in patients with active HD that may contribute to the observed blood T-lymphocytopenia and may reflect a biologic response to the tumor.

scholarly journals Fetal Thymic Transplant in Patients With Hodgkin’s Disease

Blood ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 625-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Marcolongo ◽  
Nicola Di Paolo
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Hodgkin's Disease ◽  
Hodgkin’S Disease ◽  
Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Immune Functions ◽  
Skin Sensitivity ◽  
Thymic Tissue ◽  
Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Cellular Immune

Abstract Five patients with Hodgkin’s disease were treated by transplantation of fetal thymic tissue. Clinical and immunologic studies, carried out for over 5 mo thereafter, revealed a prompt improvement in previously defective cellular immune functions, including a significant rise of absolute lymphocytes in the peripheral blood and a normalization of tuberculin skin sensitivity and of the response of peripheral blood lymphocytes to phytohemagglutinin. It is suggested that fetal thymic transplant into patients with Hodgkin’s disease appears at present the best tool of improving their immunologic deficiency.

Autotransfusion of 3H-Cytidine-Labelled Blood Lymphocytes in Patients with Hodgkin’s Disease and Non-Hodgkin Patients

1975 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 206-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Schick ◽  
F. Trepel ◽  
M. Eder ◽  
M. Matzner ◽  
S. Benedek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hodgkin's Disease ◽  
Hodgkin’S Disease ◽  
Blood Lymphocytes

scholarly journals Expression of functional CD40 antigen on Reed-Sternberg cells and Hodgkin's disease cell lines

Blood ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 780-789 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Carbone ◽  
A Gloghini ◽  
V Gattei ◽  
D Aldinucci ◽  
M Degan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Hodgkin's Disease ◽  
Hodgkin’S Disease ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Large Cell ◽  
Distinct Pattern ◽  
Histologic Subtype ◽  
Hodgkin's Lymphomas

CD40 is a member of the nerve growth factor receptor family, showing a significant homology to the Hodgkin's disease (HD)-associated antigen CD30 and is capable of transduce growth signals in a number of cell types. A series of 312 lymphoma samples, including 139 cases of HD, 32 cases of CD30+ anaplastic large cell (ALC) lymphomas, 141 cases of other non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs), and a panel of HD- or NHL-derived cell lines, were evaluated for CD40 expression by immunostaining of paraffin embedded sections, cell smears and flow cytometry. CD40 was strongly expressed with a highly distinct pattern of staining on Reed- Sternberg (RS) cells and variants in 100% (139/139) of HD cases, irrespective of their antigenic phenotype (T, B, non T-non B) and histologic subtype of HD. Conversely, CD40 was immunodetected on only one third (12/32; 37%) of ALC lymphoma cases and on 105 of 127 B-cell NHLs. The relative cell density of CD40 on HD cell lines (L-428, KM-H2, HDLM-2) as assessed by flow cytometry was significantly higher than on all other lymphoma cells analyzed. Engagement of CD40 by its soluble ligand (CD40L) enhanced both clonogenic capacity and colony cell survival of HD cell lines. Such effect was potentiated by interleukin-9 costimulation in KM-H2 cells. Finally, we have shown that in vitro rosetting of activated CD4+ T cells to HD cells (L-428) is mediated in part by the CD40/CD40L adhesion pathway. Our data indicate that CD40 is a useful antigen for immunodetection and identification of tumor cells in all subtypes of HD, and suggest that it may play a role in the regulation of RS cell expansion and the contact-dependent interactions of these cells with cytokine-producing T lymphocytes.

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