scholarly journals Evaluation of Region of Interest Digital Cytology Compared to Light Microscopy for Veterinary Medicine

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 725-731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Conor J. K. Blanchet ◽  
Eric J. Fish ◽  
Amy G. Miller ◽  
Laura A. Snyder ◽  
Julia D. Labadie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Primary Diagnosis ◽  
General Category ◽  
Tumor Type ◽  
Research And Teaching ◽  
Neoplastic Lesions ◽  
Malignant Lesions ◽  
Small File

Digital microscopy (DM) has been employed for primary diagnosis in human medicine and for research and teaching applications in veterinary medicine, but there are few veterinary DM validation studies. Region of interest (ROI) digital cytology is a subset of DM that uses image-stitching software to create a low-magnification image of a slide, then selected ROI at higher magnification, and stitches the images into a relatively small file of the embedded magnifications. This study evaluated the concordance of ROI-DM compared to traditional light microscopy (LM) between 2 blinded clinical pathologists. Sixty canine and feline cytology samples from a variety of anatomic sites, including 31 cases of malignant neoplasia, 15 cases of hyperplastic or benign neoplastic lesions, and 14 infectious/inflammatory lesions, were evaluated. Two separate nonblinded adjudicating clinical pathologists evaluated the reports and diagnoses and scored each paired case as fully concordant, partially concordant, or discordant. The average overall concordance (full and partial concordance) for both pathologists was 92%. Full concordance was significantly higher for malignant lesions than benign. For the 40 neoplastic lesions, ROI-DM and LM agreed on general category of tumor type in 78 of 80 cases (98%). ROI-DM cytology showed robust concordance with the current gold standard of LM cytology and is potentially a viable alternative to current LM cytology techniques.

scholarly journals A study of fine needle aspiration cytology in salivary gland lesions in a rural population

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 307
Author(s):  
Anil R. Joshi ◽  
Dnyaneshwar S. Jadhav ◽  
Balaji D. Baste ◽  
Shweta K. Ranka
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Fine Needle Aspiration ◽  
Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Primary Diagnosis ◽  
Aspiration Cytology ◽  
Reliable Technique ◽  
Fine Needle ◽  
Neoplastic Lesions ◽  
Needle Aspiration Cytology

Background: Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of suspected salivary gland lesions has an established role in preoperative diagnosis and management of patients. However diverse morphological patterns and overlapping features make it a challenging job, to give a precise diagnosis at times.Methods: This was a prospective study done from October 2011 to October 2013. Fine needle aspiration cytology was performed in 64 patients with clinically significant salivary gland lesions.Results: Fine needle aspiration cytology categorized 38 (59.4%) of the salivary gland lesions as neoplastic and 26 (40.6 %) as non- neoplastic lesions. Amongst the neoplastic lesions, 86.9% were benign and 13.2% were malignant cases.Conclusions: FNAC of the salivary gland is simple, cheap, safe and reliable technique in the primary diagnosis of salivary gland lesions.

scholarly journals A histopathological review of nephrectomy specimens with an emphasis on pathological assessment of prognostic indicators in malignant lesions

Biomedicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 492-501
Author(s):  
Shubha P. Bhat ◽  
Krishna Prasad H.V. ◽  
Rajeev T.P. ◽  
Kishan Prasad H.L. ◽  
Teerthanath Srinivas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Malignant Tumour ◽  
Prognostic Indicators ◽  
Wilms Tumour ◽  
Malignant Tumours ◽  
Neoplastic Lesions ◽  
Kidney Lesion ◽  
Microscopic Features ◽  
Malignant Lesions ◽  
Pathological Assessment

Introduction and Aim: Various non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions occur in the kidney. Pathological assessment of gross and microscopic features in nephrectomy specimens is essential for diagnosis and predicts the prognosis in malignant tumours. Materials and Methods: Case records of 46 nephrectomy specimens received between two-year periods were retrieved. Detailed gross and histopathological and immunohistochemical features were studied, and malignant tumours were analysed using CAP protocol. Results: Out of 46 nephrectomy specimens, 17 were non-neoplastic and 29 neoplastic. Males constituted 32 cases and females 14 cases. The commonest non-neoplastic kidney lesion was chronic pyelonephritis with hydronephrosis (29%). The mixed epithelial and stromal tumour was the frequently encountered benign tumour (50%). Renal cell carcinoma was the most common malignant tumour in adults (70%) and Wilms tumour in children (4%). Conclusion: Histopathological examination of nephrectomy specimens helps in diagnosing, staging, and planning the management.

Electron Microscopy Applied to Fine-Needle Aspiration. A Report of Six Cases from Various Sites

1983 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 423-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saverio Cinti ◽  
Maurizio Ferretti ◽  
Silvana Amati ◽  
Giancarlo Balercia ◽  
Adalberto Vecchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Fine Needle Aspiration ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Ultrastructural Analysis ◽  
Tissue Structure ◽  
Fine Needle ◽  
Neoplastic Lesions ◽  
Microscopy Techniques

The authors report the results obtained from the application of electron microscopy techniques to the cytology of fine-needle-aspirated samples of neoplastic lesions from various body sites. These results show that the tissue structure, which is usually lost during the squashing necessary for light microscopy cytology, is preserved when the samples are processed for ultrastructural analysis. Electron microscopy also allows a highly detailed study of the cell's inner structures. Thus, when this technique is applied, fine needle-aspirated samples can be regarded as actual microbiopsies. However, because of the high cost of ultrastructural techniques, we suggest that actual analysis be performed only in selected cases, whereas fixation and inclusion for electron microscopy could be done routinely.

scholarly journals Mixed Adenoneuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Gastroesophageal Junction: A Rare Find

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 232470961775018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paurush Ambesh ◽  
Joseph Weissbrot ◽  
Sabina Ratner ◽  
Ankur Sinha ◽  
Ravikaran Patti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastroesophageal Junction ◽  
Neuroendocrine Differentiation ◽  
Tumor Type ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Biopsy Material ◽  
Management Guidelines ◽  
Neoplastic Lesions ◽  
Esophageal Tumors ◽  
Current Report

Neoplastic lesions that demonstrate neuroendocrine features are rare. However, esophageal tumors containing both adenocarcinomatous and neuroendocrine components are exceedingly rare. Mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinomas (MANECs) are gastrointestinal tumors with both adenocarcinomatous and neuroendocrine differentiation. They have a tendency for early metastases but clinically manifest relatively late. Imaging studies are often nonspecific with regard to tumor type, and a histopathologic study of biopsy material is required for definitive diagnosis. The overall prognosis is poor. The current report describes a rare case of gastroesophageal MANEC tumor, with approximately 60% neuroendocrine and 40% adenocarcinomatous components. Since there is a dearth of concrete management guidelines for MANECs, we present possible management options to add to the existing literature.

scholarly journals The Diagnostic Concordance of Whole Slide Imaging and Light Microscopy: A Systematic Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 141 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Goacher ◽  
Rebecca Randell ◽  
Bethany Williams ◽  
Darren Treanor
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Primary Diagnosis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Whole Slide Imaging ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Diagnostic Concordance ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Context.—Light microscopy (LM) is considered the reference standard for diagnosis in pathology. Whole slide imaging (WSI) generates digital images of cellular and tissue samples and offers multiple advantages compared with LM. Currently, WSI is not widely used for primary diagnosis. The lack of evidence regarding concordance between diagnoses rendered by WSI and LM is a significant barrier to both regulatory approval and uptake. Objective.—To examine the published literature on the concordance of pathologic diagnoses rendered by WSI compared with those rendered by LM. Data Sources.—We conducted a systematic review of studies assessing the concordance of pathologic diagnoses rendered by WSI and LM. Studies were identified following a systematic search of Medline (Medline Industries, Mundelein, Illinois), Medline in progress (Medline Industries), EMBASE (Elsevier, Amsterdam, the Netherlands), and the Cochrane Library (Wiley, London, England), between 1999 and March 2015. Conclusions.—Thirty-eight studies were included in the review. The mean diagnostic concordance of WSI and LM, weighted by the number of cases per study, was 92.4%. The weighted mean κ coefficient between WSI and LM was 0.75, signifying substantial agreement. Of the 30 studies quoting percentage concordance, 18 (60%) showed a concordance of 90% or greater, of which 10 (33%) showed a concordance of 95% or greater. This review found evidence to support a high level of diagnostic concordance. However, there were few studies, many were small, and they varied in quality, suggesting that further validation studies are still needed.

Radiographic and clinical factors associated with improved outcomes in cancer patients with bowel obstruction

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e20564-e20564
Author(s):  
C. M. Contreras ◽  
B. D. Badgwell ◽  
R. L. Askew ◽  
B. W. Feig ◽  
J. N. Cormier
Keyword(s):  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Peritoneal Carcinomatosis ◽  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Bowel Obstruction ◽  
Enteral Feeding ◽  
Primary Diagnosis ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Tumor Type ◽  
Clinical Factors

e20564 Background: The purpose of this study was to identify clinical and radiographic factors relevant to treatment outcomes in cancer patients presenting with bowel obstruction. Methods: Clinical and radiographic factors were retrospectively abstracted from records of inpatients referred for surgical consultation for suspected bowel obstruction (2000–2006). Patients were stratified by treatment: surgical treatment (ST), minimally invasive (percutaneous/endoscopic) procedures (MIP), or bowel rest (BR). Clinical outcomes such as status at discharge and median overall survival (OS) were examined. Results: Of 194 patients, 25% had a primary diagnosis of colorectal cancer. Computed tomography, plain radiographs, enteral contrast studies, and other modalities were used for diagnosis in 59%, 26%, 12%, and 3% of patients, respectively. 62% of obstructions were located in the small bowel, with the remaining 23% and 12% identified as gastric outlet and colon, respectively. Over 90% of patients treated with ST (n = 60) were discharged home and tolerated enteral feeding. In contrast, for patients treated with MIP and BR, 48% and 68% were discharged home, and 70% and 72% were able to tolerate enteral feeding, respectively. OS was similar for patients treated with ST (6.3 months) and for those whose bowel obstruction resolved with BR (6.4 months). For patients treated with MIP, however, OS was 1.4 months. Though significant differences in OS for patients treated with ST and MIP were observed (p<0.0001), 30-day readmission rates were similar across treatment groups. Radiographic images demonstrating low grade obstruction, absence of ascites, and the absence of peritoneal carcinomatosis were associated with improved OS. Additional relevant clinical factors affecting OS included serum albumin level; however, no association was observed for age, tumor type, site of obstruction, previous bowel obstruction, or abdominal exploration. Conclusions: Clinical and radiographic factors affect treatment outcomes for cancer patients with bowel obstruction. Given that factors such as ascites, peritoneal carcinomatosis and low serum albumin result in poor OS, non-invasive procedures should be considered. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

Second Opinion Expert Pathology Review in Bladder Cancer: Implications for Patient Care

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Gordetsky ◽  
Robin Collingwood ◽  
Win Shun Lai ◽  
Maria Del Carmen Rodriquez Pena ◽  
Soroush Rais-Bahrami
Keyword(s):  
Patient Care ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Primary Diagnosis ◽  
Second Opinion ◽  
Tumor Type ◽  
Patient Demographic ◽  
Secondary Pathology ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Pathology Review

Objectives. To review bladder specimens referred to our facility for secondary review to determine the frequency and degree of changes in pathological diagnoses, which could affect patient care. Methods. A retrospective review of 246 bladder specimens sent to our pathology department for second opinion pathological review was performed. All consultation specimens were reviewed by a single genitourinary (GU)-subspecialized surgical pathologist. Any changes in the pathological grade, stage, or histological tumor type were noted as well as patient demographic data. Statistical analysis was performed to determine the frequency and type of discrepancies in diagnoses and determine any associations with patient demographic parameters. Results. Secondary pathology consultation of 246 bladder specimens from 233 patients were reviewed and compared with the primary diagnosis. The diagnosis was altered in 91/246 cases (37.0%). The number of cases reviewed per patient and specimen type was not associated with a change in diagnosis ( P = .19; P = .1). Of the cases with a change in diagnosis, 8 (8.8%) changed malignancy status, 46 (50.5%) changed stage, 16 (17.6%) changed tumor type (ie, change from urothelial carcinoma to prostate adenocarcinoma), 16 (17.6%) changed histological variant subtype, and 14 (15.4%) changed grade. There was no association noted between age, gender, or race and changes in diagnosis ( P = .53; P = .41; P = .70). Conclusions. Secondary pathology review with a GU-subspecialized surgical pathologist can change the stage, grade, or histological subtype on bladder biopsy and tumor resection specimens in more than one-third of cases. Age and gender were not associated with the frequency of change in diagnosis on consultation review.

scholarly journals The role of intraoperative scrape cytology in vertebroplasty

CytoJournal ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renuka Venkata Inuganti ◽  
Rami Reddy Mettu ◽  
Harsha Vardhan Surath ◽  
Amarnath Surath
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Value ◽  
Osteoporotic Fractures ◽  
Vertebral Compression Fractures ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Cytological Examination ◽  
Neoplastic Lesions ◽  
Malignant Lesions ◽  
Scrape Cytology ◽  
Infective Etiology

Aims: To assess the adequacy of intraoperative scrape cytology during percutaneous vertebroplasty by correlating results with corresponding histopathology. Settings and Design: Vertebroplasty is a procedure increasingly used to treat painful vertebral compression fractures. The history and presentation of osteoporotic fractures are straightforward, but difficulty arises in differentiating infective from neoplastic lesions, especially in cases where the magnetic resonance imaging is equivocal. The procedure involves injection of polymethyl methacrylate (bone cement) into the pathological vertebral body and gives dramatic pain relief. It is indicated in osteoporotic and neoplastic lesions but contraindicated in infections. Hence, intraoperative evaluation of a specimen is essential to aid in the decision of performing vertebroplasty. Subjects and Methods: A total of 128 patients with vertebral lesions underwent core biopsy and scrape cytology from June 2006 to June 2015. Based on the findings of cytological examination, malignant lesions were subjected to vertebroplasty. In lesions with infective etiology, vertebroplasty was abandoned and antibiotic or antituberculous therapy started. Results: The overall diagnostic accuracy of scrape cytology was excellent with 97.58% cases correlating with the final histopathological diagnosis. Specificity was 100%, positive predictive value was 100% and negative predictive value was 33.33%. Conclusion: Scrape cytology is a simple, rapid, accurate cytodiagnostic technique and should be routinely utilized in vertebral lesions for intraoperative consultation and decision making during vertebroplasty.

scholarly journals Melanoma Detection in Dermoscopic Images using Color Features

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sameena Pathan ◽  
Vatsal Aggarwal ◽  
K. Gopalakrishna Prabhu ◽  
P. C. Siddalingaswamy
Keyword(s):  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Ensemble Classifiers ◽  
Dynamic Selection ◽  
Melanoma Detection ◽  
Color Features ◽  
Melanocytic Lesions ◽  
Average Accuracy ◽  
Malignant Lesions

Color is considered to be a major characteristic feature that is used for distinguishing benign and malignant melanocytic lesions. Most of malignant melanomas are characterized by the presence of six suspicious colors inspired from the ABCD dermoscopic rule. The presence of these suspicious colors histopathologically indicates the presence of melanin in the deeper layers of the epidermis and dermis. The objective of the proposed work is to evaluate the role of color features, a set of fifteen color features have been extracted from the region of interest to determine the role of color in malignancy detection. Further, a set of ensemble classifiers with dynamic selection techniques are used for classification of the extracted features, yielding an average accuracy of 87.5% for classifying benign and malignant lesions.

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