Risk-Need Profiles of Serious and Chronic Female Juvenile Offenders: Implications for Female Juvenile Correctional Programming

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (9) ◽  
pp. 2742-2758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiquitia Welch-Brewer
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Offenders ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Family Relationship ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Female Juvenile Offenders ◽  
Alcohol And Drug Use ◽  
Emotional Processes ◽  
Psychosocial Profiles

Understanding differences and similarities between male and female juvenile offenders is critically important for determining the treatment needs of each group. Less is known, however, about the similarities and differences among female juvenile offenders and the variation in their needs, risks, and psychosocial profiles. Understanding the variation among female juvenile offenders could lead to improvements in gender-responsive interventions and treatment. Latent profile analysis was conducted to construct risk-need profiles in a state-based sample of incarcerated girls ( N = 203) based on a range of psychosocial subscales covering family, peer, school and cognitive and emotional processes, psychopathology, and antisocial outcomes. Findings revealed four distinct groups/profiles with varying levels of risk-needs— Aggression Only (51%), Alcohol and Drug Use (19%), Socioemotional and Family Relationship Problems (24%), and Severe Alcohol and Drug Use (6%)—warranting the need for varying levels of treatment intensity and different treatment components across subgroups, ranging from less to more extensive.

Criminogenic Need Profiles Among Substance-Using Justice-Involved Youth

2021 ◽  
pp. 009385482110142
Author(s):  
Elisea De Somma ◽  
Jala Rizeq ◽  
Tracey A. Skilling
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Criminogenic Needs ◽  
Drug And Alcohol ◽  
Clinical Drug

The relationship between juvenile offending and substance use is well-documented. Understanding this relationship in the context of other criminogenic needs could lead to more effective treatment programming, in an effort to reduce future justice system involvement. This study retrospectively classified 276 substance-using youth in the justice system into unique profiles based on the nature and severity of self-reported substance use and criminogenic needs. We tested competing latent profile analysis (LPA) models with a variable number of profiles. A four-profile model was optimal and included: (a) clinical drug and alcohol use with high criminogenic needs; (b) borderline-clinical drug use with low criminogenic needs; (c) clinical drug use with high criminogenic needs; and (d) clinical drug use with low to moderate criminogenic needs. Profiles demonstrated unique patterns of demographic and clinical factors, index offense, and rates of recidivism. Clinical implications for justice-involved youth with substance abuse are discussed, particularly related to treatment needs/services.

Latent Profile Analysis of Personality Dimensions Among Juvenile Offenders: Relevance for Predicting Offending Seriousness

2020 ◽  
pp. 001112872092892
Author(s):  
Thomas Wojciechowski
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Offenders ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression ◽  
Personality Profiles ◽  
Personality Dimensions ◽  
Binomial Regression ◽  
Pathways To Desistance ◽  
Latent Profile

There is a burgeoning base of research identifying personality as a predictor of offending. However, research has focused on personality dimensions, rather than full personality profiles as predictors. The present study utilized the Pathways to Desistance data to examine the relationship between personality profiles and offending. This sample comprised 1,354 juvenile offenders followed during the study period of 2000 to 2010. Latent profile analysis was used to identify patterns across dimensions to elucidate personality profiles. Negative binomial regression was used to examine profiles as predictors of offending. Results indicated that a two-profile model fit the data. Participants assigned to the Undercontrolled profile (high in neuroticism and low in all other dimensions) engaged in more serious offending than the Resilient profile.

Variants of Psychopathy in Chinese Juvenile Offenders: A Latent Profile Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 009385482110431
Author(s):  
Meng-Cheng Wang ◽  
Xintong Zhang ◽  
Jie Gong ◽  
Jiaxin Deng ◽  
Jie Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Offenders ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Cognitive Empathy ◽  
Affective Empathy ◽  
Latent Profile Analyses ◽  
Key Variables ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Latent Profile

Despite considerable understanding on the psychopathy subtypes in detained populations, the variants of psychopathy in non-Western populations are less well understood. To address this gap, the present study conducted a series of latent profile analyses with the factors of the Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory, childhood trauma, and trait anxiety in 560 Chinese incarcerated boys ( Mage = 16.92, SD = 0.81). Four subgroups emerged: relatively normal (67.3%); callous, psychopathy-like (2.8%); moderate psychopathy-like (24.8%); and high traumatic, moderate psychopathy-like (5.1%). Moreover, the modified Bolck–Croon–Hagenaars method was used to examine the significant mean differences on covariates across profiles, including proactive aggression, reactive aggression, affective empathy, and cognitive empathy. Results showed that the psychopathic profiles displayed differences on key variables. The callous, psychopathy-like group endorsed higher aggression and lower empathy. This study provides initial empirical support for the existence of psychopathy variants and enhances the understanding of the psychopathic construct in non-Western cultures.

Psychiatric Symptoms and Substance Use Among Juvenile Offenders

2007 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 1296-1312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael G. Vaughn ◽  
Stacey Freedenthal ◽  
Jeffrey M. Jenson ◽  
Matthew O. Howard
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Juvenile Offenders ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Juvenile Justice System ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Traumatic Experiences

The high rate of co-occurring mental health and substance abuse problems among antisocial and delinquent youth is a widely recognized problem in the juvenile justice system. Yet few studies have delineated meaningful clinical distinctions in the characteristics of offenders with co-occurring problems. Latent profile analysis was used to identify subgroups of juvenile offenders based on clinically relevant measures of psychiatric symptoms (including past traumatic experiences), lifetime substance use, and drug- and alcohol-related problems stemming from the use of psychoactive substances in a statewide population ( n = 723). Findings revealed that a four-class solution fit the data optimally. The four classes identified represented a severity-based gradient of symptom and substance use endorsement ranging from a mild subgroup ( n = 195; 27.0%), to moderately low ( n = 250; 34.6%) and high ( n = 197; 27.2%) subgroups, and finally, a severely distressed subgroup ( n = 81; 11.2%). Implications for identifying and treating young offenders with co-occurring mental health and substance abuse problems are noted.

Extent of Drug Abuse among Juvenile Offenders

1993 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 515-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken C. Winters ◽  
Christine L. Weller ◽  
James A. Meland
Keyword(s):  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Juvenile Offenders ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Juvenile Detention ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
Drug Abuse Treatment ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Juvenile Detainees ◽  
Problem Severity ◽  
Abuse Treatment

The extent of drug abuse problem severity was measured in a sample of juvenile detention detainees. Contrary to existing studies that mostly focus on drug use consumption patterns in juvenile detainees, the present study quantified problem severity based on an adolescent drug abuse scale score. Findings indicate that among valid questionnaires, about 50% of the juvenile detainees scored in a elevated range, indicating a possible need for drug abuse treatment. Issues related to the measurement of problem severity and resulting treatment needs of youth held in juvenile detention settings are discussed.

Abstract P193: Psychosocial Profiles And Hypertension Control: Results From The Multi-ethnic Study Of Atherosclerosis (MESA)

Circulation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 143 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily A Vargas ◽  
Kiarri N Kershaw ◽  
Diana Chirinos ◽  
Mandy Wong ◽  
Susan A Everson-Rose
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Depressed Mood ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Covariate Adjustment ◽  
Hypertension Control ◽  
Psychosocial Profile ◽  
Psychosocial Profiles

Introduction: Increasing research demonstrates psychosocial factors are associated with blood pressure control (BPC) among individuals with hypertension. To date, little research has examined multiple psychosocial factors simultaneously to identify distinguishing profiles among individuals with hypertension. The association of psychosocial profiles and BPC remains unknown. Thus, the goal of this study was to characterize the psychosocial profiles of individuals with hypertension and assess whether they are associated with BPC over 14 years. Hypothesis: We hypothesize that discrete psychosocial profiles will emerge, and they will be associated with BPC longitudinally. Methods: We included 2,665 MESA participants (38.57% Black; 55.43% Female) with prevalent hypertension in 2002-2004. Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) was used to identify distinct psychosocial profiles based on a combination of nine psychosocial variables (Table). We used generalized estimating equations to determine associations of the psychosocial profiles with BPC, defined as systolic blood pressure (SBP) < 140 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) < 90 mm Hg. Results: The LPA revealed an optimal model of three psychosocial profile groups (AIC 121,229; entropy = .88) namely “Healthy”, “Depressed Mood” and “Discriminated Against”. There were no significant differences in BPC of both targets (SBP and DBP) combined across the profiles. Examining SBP and DBP separately, participants in the “Depressed Mood” profile group were 60% less likely [95% CI: 0.43, 0.84] to have their DBP < 90 mm Hg as compared to the “Healthy” profile in the unadjusted model, but there was no association with covariate adjustment. Conclusions: Discrete psychosocial profiles exist among individuals with hypertension, but were not associated with BPC after full covariate adjustment.

scholarly journals Psychosocial profiles of physical activity fluctuation in office employees: A latent profile analysis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. e0227182
Author(s):  
Yanping Duan ◽  
Borui Shang ◽  
Wei Liang ◽  
Min Yang ◽  
Walter Brehm
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Office Employees ◽  
Psychosocial Profiles ◽  
Latent Profile

scholarly journals Shared residential placement for child welfare and juvenile justice youth: current treatment needs and risk of adult criminal conviction

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lena Jäggi ◽  
Marc Schmid ◽  
David Bürgin ◽  
Nadine Saladin ◽  
Alexander Grob ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Child Welfare ◽  
Juvenile Offenders ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Residential Care ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Criminal Conviction ◽  
Offending Behavior

Abstract Background Although child welfare youth and juvenile offenders in residential care have different judicial placement reasons, there seems to be overlap in their demographic and psychosocial backgrounds. This could raise the question whether these adolescents should be placed in strictly separated institutions based on their judicial title (civil or criminal law) or together based on their needs. As systematic knowledge on the effects of shared placement of these groups is limited, the aim of the current paper is to examine the demographic, crime-related and psychosocial characteristics of child welfare and juvenile justice youths in shared residential care and subsequently examine its relationship with offending behavior in adulthood. Methods The sample was drawn from the Swiss study for clarification and goal-attainment in youth welfare and juvenile justice institutions (MAZ.) and consisted 354 juveniles (252 child welfare, 102 juvenile justice; 223 boys, 131 girls) between 10 and 18 years. Mental health problems were assessed with the Massachusetts Youth Screening Instrument-Version 2 (MAYSI-2), official adult criminal conviction data up to 10 years later was obtained from the Swiss Federal Office of Statistics. Three sets of logistic regressions were conducted investigating any, violent and non-violent convictions. Results Univariate results showed that that the child welfare sample included more females, more juveniles with the Swiss nationality, and was younger at the time of assessment and at first placement compared to the juvenile justice sample. Furthermore, child welfare youths showed less alcohol/drug use problems and offending behavior than their juvenile justice counterparts. Unadjusted models demonstrated that committing authority predicted adult criminal convictions, but that this distinction disappeared when it was controlled for demographic, crime-related and psychosocial factors. Gender and time at risk were found to be related to adult conviction in all three models. In addition, alcohol/drug use problems were risk factors for general, previous convictions for violent, and traumatic experiences for non-violent convictions in adulthood. Conclusions Our results support the approach of placement in residential care institutions based on treatment needs instead of on judicial title. Special attention should be devoted to trauma informed care and substance use coping. However, more research is needed.

Identifying Suicide Typologies Among Trauma-Exposed Veterans

Crisis ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 288-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Bounoua ◽  
Jasmeet P. Hayes ◽  
Naomi Sadeh
Keyword(s):  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Risky Behaviors ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Research Priority ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
And Behaviors

Abstract. Background: Suicide among veterans has increased in recent years, making the identification of those at greatest risk for self-injurious behavior a high research priority. Aims: We investigated whether affective impulsivity and risky behaviors distinguished typologies of self-injurious thoughts and behaviors in a sample of trauma-exposed veterans. Method: A total of 95 trauma-exposed veterans (ages 21–55; 87% men) completed self-report measures of self-injurious thoughts and behaviors, impulsivity, and clinical symptoms. Results: A latent profile analysis produced three classes that differed in suicidal ideation, suicide attempts and nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI): A low class that reported little to no self-injurious thoughts or behaviors; a self-injurious thoughts (ST) class that endorsed high levels of ideation but no self-harm behaviors; and a self-injurious thoughts and behaviors (STaB) class that reported ideation, suicide attempts and NSSI. Membership in the STaB class was associated with greater affective impulsivity, disinhibition, and distress/arousal than the other two classes. Limitations: Limitations include an overrepresentation of males in our sample, the cross-sectional nature of the data, and reliance on self-report measures. Conclusion: Findings point to affective impulsivity and risky behaviors as important characteristics of veterans who engage in self-injurious behaviors.

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