Re-directing developers: New models of rental housing development to re-shape the post-apartheid city?

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Todes ◽  
Jennifer Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Rental Housing ◽  
Bus Rapid Transit ◽  
Transit System ◽  
Regulatory Pathways ◽  
Built Form ◽  
Critical Attention

The role of developers in shaping the built environment has attracted considerable critical attention, often focussing on the overbearing role of powerful, globalised actors in urban development. But there is also evidence that regulatory pathways shape outcomes. Through the case of a large-scale initiative in Johannesburg, South Africa, the “Corridors of Freedom”, we consider whether there is potential for developmental benefit to be gained from redirecting developer interest to create new kinds of built form. Linked to investment in a bus rapid transit system and agile bureaucracy, a model of closely managed low-income rental housing is emerging, although there is evidence of some displacement of the poorest from more informal housing. The study suggests the importance of reassessing the political complexion and potential of state–developer co-operation in urban development, and of looking more closely at the diversity of developers as well as the array of forms of finance mobilised for urban development beyond financialisation.

scholarly journals The Role of Libraries in the Urban Development

2015 ◽  
pp. 112-120
Author(s):  
Oleg M. Zhadyonov
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Active Element ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Library Services ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Urban And Regional Development ◽  
The City

The article is devoted to the issues that are only beginning to be widely discussed among the professionals - what is the role of modern libraries in the urban development, whether the library can and should be the active element affecting the life of local communities, the development of the tourism industry, whether the investments are feasible in the development of the library system.Currently libraries start to be perceived everywhere not only as socially significant cultural and educational institution, but also as a significant agent of urban and regional development. In some cases, the appearance of the library, which is becoming «an icon of the city», is dramatically changing the way of life and the vector of economic development in the region. That’s why the attention of politicians and businessmen in the planning of large-scale urban facilities has increasingly switched to libraries. Numerous studies also confirm the growing popularity and interest to the library services and opportunities among various strata and social groups of population around the world. The libraries themselves and moreover the activities that occur around them, have a significant impact on the urban development - today it is the reality already proved by the analysis.

scholarly journals Tradition: Connecting the Past and Present A Case Study of Xintiandi in Shanghai

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Fengqi Qian
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Binary Opposition ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
The Past ◽  
Built Form ◽  
Housing Form ◽  
Renewal Project

<p class="1Body">Tradition and modernisation are often seen as a binary opposition. In an urban environment, traditional built form seems incompatible to modern way of life, and the adaptation of traditional neighbourhoods to modern use often causes controversy. Nowadays, ideas about ‘what is tradition’ become shifting, and traditional townscape does not necessarily mean an obstacle to modernisation. This paper reveals how the role of traditional elements is played in China’s urban development. The case study of Xintiandi, Shanghai, where traditional townscape is restored, highlights the connection of the city’s past and present. Xintiandi is a successful yet controversial city renewal project, where Shanghai’s traditional housing form <em>Shikumen</em> is restored and put into adaptive uses. In the course of urban modernisation, the role of tradition as a representation of the connection between the city’s past and present deserves more study. This paper aims to add a perspective to the literature on the study of tradition. It argues for the diversity and fluidity of the ideas about tradition. In this view, tradition is not necessarily in dichotomy with, or opposite to modernisation; rather, tradition justifies the needs of modernisation and supplements its outcomes. The paper is developed in light of works on tradition by Shils, Hobsbawm, Giddens and others; The case study of Xintiandi shows what Old Shanghai tradition means to this city today, and how traditional elements are adapted and used in the course of urban modernisation.</p>

scholarly journals Comment on “Role of Intermittency in Urban Development: A Model of Large-Scale City Formation”

1998 ◽  
Vol 80 (21) ◽  
pp. 4830-4830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Marsili ◽  
Sergei Maslov ◽  
Yi-Cheng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
City Formation

Role of Intermittency in Urban Development: A Model of Large-Scale City Formation

1997 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 523-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damián H. Zanette ◽  
Susanna C. Manrubia
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
City Formation

scholarly journals The equity implications of TOD in Curitiba

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
André L. B. Turbay ◽  
Rafael H. M. Pereira ◽  
Rodrigo Firmino
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Bus Rapid Transit ◽  
Transit Oriented Development ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Transit System ◽  
Socioeconomic Groups ◽  
Spatial Inequalities

In this paper we analyze how socio-spatial inequalities have been shaped by transport and land-use planning in Curitiba (Brazil), a city internationally recognized for its Transit Oriented Development (TOD) planning based on Bus Rapid Transit (BRT). We examine how the spatial organization of the BRT system is associated with the distribution of population densities, socioeconomic groups, and real-estate values and its implications in terms of inequalities of access to employment and health services. The results show that Curitiba's TOD has had limited influence on population densities, but has shaped the concentration of high-income classes and premium real-estate along its main BRT corridors. These effects contribute to the peripheralization of low-income communities with limited accessibility benefits from the transit system. Our findings suggest that Curitiba’s success story should be seen as a cautionary tale about the consequences of TOD planning, which perpetuate the spatial concentration of resources and reinforce inequalities of access to opportunities.

scholarly journals Equilibrium Model of Housing Choice for Heterogeneous Households under Public Rental Housing Policy

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shumin Zhou ◽  
Huijun Sun ◽  
Tianchao Guan ◽  
Tongfei Li
Keyword(s):  
Housing Policy ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Equilibrium Model ◽  
Rental Housing ◽  
Urban Rail Transit ◽  
Rail Transit ◽  
Housing Choice ◽  
Transit System ◽  
Public Rental Housing ◽  
Low Income Households

The rapid development of urban rail transit system leads to the rising land rent and housing rent along the rail transit line. In order to respond to housing demand for low-income households, the public rental housing policy came into being. Public rental housing, with the advantage of lower rent than commercial housing, has become the primary choice for low-income households. However, the preset location of public rental housing is usually in the suburbs, separating the workplace and residence, which increases in travel cost. Consequently, it is particularly necessary to study the effect of public rental housing on the utilities of heterogeneous households from the perspective of transportation, and an equilibrium model of housing choice for heterogeneous households under public rental housing policy has been suggested in this paper. The result shows that the change in average operating speed of the rail may lead to the difference in urban residential formation and the increased speed of the rail may not be able to eliminate the location disadvantage of public rental housing. Furthermore, we find that ultra-limit public rental housing with the remote location is detrimental for low-income households. The model explicitly considers the interaction among the government, property developers, and heterogeneous households in the housing market, and can be utilized as an instruction for the future sustainable development of public rental housing.

scholarly journals Fractal-Based Retrieval and Potential Driving Factors of Lake Ice Fractures of Chagan Lake, Northeast China Using Landsat Remote Sensing Images

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 4233
Author(s):  
Xiaohua Hao ◽  
Qian Yang ◽  
Xiaoguang Shi ◽  
Xuemei Liu ◽  
Wenfeng Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Cold Season ◽  
Remote Sensing Images ◽  
Landsat Images ◽  
Lake Ice ◽  
Thermal Changes ◽  
Critical Attention ◽  
Chagan Lake ◽  
Ice Fracturing

A thorough understanding of the freshwater ice process received considerable critical attention due to increasing winter recreations and ice engineering. The development of the lake ice process of Chagan Lake was monitored using MODIS and Landsat images over eight consecutive snow seasons from October 2013 to April 2021. We derived the lake ice phenology from an eight-day time series of lake water skin temperature (LWST) provided by MODIS, including freeze-up date, break-up date, and ice cover duration. We discovered a large-scale fracture extending from northwest to southeast that repeatedly appeared on Landsat images since 1986. A novel fractal-based auto-extraction is proposed to extract the length and angle of these fractures. We also carried out a field campaign and an ice ridge was found at the southernmost part of what we observed from the images. Moreover, we explained the fracturing development by thermal changes, wind in lake, and underlying flow. Results show that the lake ice fracture is nearly perpendicular to the dominant wind direction in the cold season, which indicates the crucial role of wind on lake ice fracturing.

scholarly journals Role of Erythropoietin and Other Growth Factors in Ex Vivo Erythropoiesis

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vimal Kishor Singh ◽  
Abhishek Saini ◽  
Ramesh Chandra
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factors ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Similar Growth

Erythropoiesis is a vital process governed through various factors. There is extreme unavailability of suitable donor due to rare phenotypic blood groups and other related complications like hemoglobinopathies, polytransfusion patients, and polyimmunization. Looking at the worldwide scarcity of blood, especially in low income countries and the battlefield, mimicking erythropoiesis using ex vivo methods can provide an efficient answer to various problems associated with present donor derived blood supply system. Fortunately, there are many ex vivo erythropoiesis methodologies being developed by various research groups using stem cells as the major source material for large scale blood production. Most of these ex vivo protocols use a cocktail of similar growth factors under overlapping growth conditions. Erythropoietin (EPO) is a key regulator in most ex vivo protocols along with other growth factors such as SCF, IL-3, IGF-1, and Flt-3. Now transfusable units of blood can be produced by using these protocols with their set of own limitations. The present paper focuses on the molecular mechanism and significance of various growth factors in these protocols that shall remain helpful for large scale production.

Assessing Spatiotemporal Built-up Dynamics in Chiang Mai City, Thailand using Entropy approach

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangay Gyeltshen ◽  
Thuong V. Tran ◽  
Wanwilai Khunta ◽  
Suresh Kannaujiya
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Kappa Statistic ◽  
Chiang Mai ◽  
Urban Centre ◽  
Urban Dynamics ◽  
Object Based ◽  
Minimum Requirements ◽  
North And South

Abstract The rates of urban dynamics affecting by industrialization, urban agglomeration, and large-scale migration turn its behaviour from monocentric to polycentric metropolitan resulting in unprecedented urban growth. Therefore, the present study incorporated an entropy-based approach to measure the degree of compactness and dispersiveness of urban development in Chiang Mai City. The Object-based machine learning was deployed for the image classifications with an overall accuracy above the minimum requirements (i.e., 90%) and kappa statistic of agreement above 0.85. The study reveals that Chiang Mai city has undergone urban development outskirts from the urban centre (CBD) and north and south-west direction from the CBD. A considerable increase in urban demographic and physical urban patches was observed in last 1998 to 2018. The research emphasized the significant role of Shannon Entropy to analyze the built-up growth supplemented by Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS) in respective zones and geographical directions.

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