Contact in Adoption: The Experience of Adoptive Families in the USA

2003 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gretchen Miller Wrobel ◽  
Harold D Grotevant ◽  
Jerica Berge ◽  
Tai Mendenhall ◽  
Ruth McRoy
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Family Communication ◽  
Adoptive Families ◽  
Complex Issue ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Over Time

Contact in adoption is a complex issue that adoption professionals frequently negotiate. Today most adoption placements include an initial plan for contact that in many instances changes over time. By understanding contact as an issue that presents itself over the course of an adopted person's lifetime, the complexities it brings to the adoption experience can be seen. Gretchen Miller Wrobel, Harold D Grotevant, Jerica Berge, Tai Mendenhall and Ruth McRoy discuss contact from a US perspective using findings from the Minnesota/Texas Adoption Project, a longitudinal study of openness in adoption. They examine how curiosity, satisfaction with adoptive contact, family communication and searching influence decision-making about the extent of contact. Implications for adoption professionals in the USA and the UK are also presented.

Benchmarking Risk Analysis Practice in the International Water Sector

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
B.H. MacGillivray ◽  
P.D. Hamilton ◽  
S.E. Hrudey ◽  
L. Reekie ◽  
S.J.T Pollard
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Water Utilities ◽  
Water Sector ◽  
Water Utility ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
The Usa ◽  
International Water ◽  
Practical Guidance ◽  
The Uk

Risk analysis in the water utility sector is fast becoming explicit. Here, we describe application of a capability model to benchmark the risk analysis maturity of a sub-sample of eight water utilities from the USA, the UK and Australia. Our analysis codifies risk analysis practice and offers practical guidance as to how utilities may more effectively employ their portfolio of risk analysis techniques for optimal, credible, and defensible decision making.

UK Fiscal Squeezes over a Century

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Hood ◽  
Rozana Himaz
Keyword(s):  
Data Sources ◽  
Fiscal Consolidation ◽  
Financial Outcomes ◽  
Financial Conditions ◽  
Deficit Reduction ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Spending Cuts ◽  
Over Time

This chapter draws on historical statistics reporting financial outcomes for spending, taxation, debt, and deficit for the UK over a century to (a) identify quantitatively and compare the main fiscal squeeze episodes (i.e. major revenue increases, spending cuts, or both) in terms of type (soft squeezes and hard squeezes, spending squeezes, and revenue squeezes), depth, and length; (b) compare these periods of austerity against measures of fiscal consolidation in terms of deficit reduction; and (c) identify economic and financial conditions before and after the various squeezes. It explores the extent to which the identification of squeeze episodes and their classification is sensitive to which thresholds are set and what data sources are used. The chapter identifies major changes over time that emerge from this analysis over the changing depth and types of squeeze.

scholarly journals Topological and Morphological Controls on Morphodynamics of Salt Marsh Interiors

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 311
Author(s):  
Ben R. Evans ◽  
Iris Möller ◽  
Tom Spencer
Keyword(s):  
Salt Marsh ◽  
Salt Marshes ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Marsh Surface ◽  
Coastal Environments ◽  
Coastal System ◽  
Morphological Segmentation ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Over Time

Salt marshes are important coastal environments and provide multiple benefits to society. They are considered to be declining in extent globally, including on the UK east coast. The dynamics and characteristics of interior parts of salt marsh systems are spatially variable and can fundamentally affect biotic distributions and the way in which the landscape delivers ecosystem services. It is therefore important to understand, and be able to predict, how these landscape configurations may evolve over time and where the greatest dynamism will occur. This study estimates morphodynamic changes in salt marsh areas for a regional domain over a multi-decadal timescale. We demonstrate at a landscape scale that relationships exist between the topology and morphology of a salt marsh and changes in its condition over time. We present an inherently scalable satellite-derived measure of change in marsh platform integrity that allows the monitoring of changes in marsh condition. We then demonstrate that easily derived geospatial and morphometric parameters can be used to determine the probability of marsh degradation. We draw comparisons with previous work conducted on the east coast of the USA, finding differences in marsh responses according to their position within the wider coastal system between the two regions, but relatively consistent in relation to the within-marsh situation. We describe the sub-pixel-scale marsh morphometry using a morphological segmentation algorithm applied to 25 cm-resolution maps of vegetated marsh surface. We also find strong relationships between morphometric indices and change in marsh platform integrity which allow for the inference of past dynamism but also suggest that current morphology may be predictive of future change. We thus provide insight into the factors governing marsh degradation that will assist the anticipation of adverse changes to the attributes and functions of these critical coastal environments and inform ongoing ecogeomorphic modelling developments.

scholarly journals Stability of recall of military hazards over time

2003 ◽  
Vol 183 (4) ◽  
pp. 314-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Wessely ◽  
C. Unwin ◽  
M. Hotopf ◽  
L. Hull ◽  
K. Ismail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Health ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Psychological Status ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Over Time

BackgroundWartime traumatic events are related to subsequent psychological and physical health, but quantifying the association is problematic. Memory changes over time and is influenced by psychological status.AimsTo use a large, two-stage cohort study of members of the UK armed forces to study changes in recall of both traumatic and ‘toxic’ hazards.MethodA questionnaire-based follow-up study assessed 2370 UK military personnel, repeating earlier questions about exposure to military hazards.ResultsThe κ statistics for reporting of hazards were good for some exposures, but very low for others. Gulf veterans reported more exposures over time (no significant rise in the Bosnia cohort). In the Gulf cohort only, reporting new exposures was associated with worsening health perception, and forgetting previously reported exposures with improved perception. We found no association between physical health, psychological morbidity or post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms and endorsement or non-endorsement of exposures.ConclusionsReporting of military hazards after a conflict is not static, and is associated with current self-rated perception of health. Self-report of exposures associated with media publicity needs to be treated with caution.

Longitudinal study of adverse behaviour of undocked pigs in two different housing systems

2004 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 165-168
Author(s):  
H. A. Van de Weerd ◽  
C. M. Docking ◽  
J .E. L. Day ◽  
K. Breuer ◽  
S. A. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Flow System ◽  
Housing System ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Housing Systems ◽  
Tail Biting ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Biting Behaviour

AbstractThe development of adverse behaviour in group–housed growing/ finishing pigs with intact tails was studied in a straw–flow housing system and in a part–slatted system with a commercial enrichment object. Food intake, body weight and behaviour were monitored over the finishing period, with tail biting outbreaks defined as an occasion where three or more pigs within a group had freshly damaged tails and tail biting behaviour was ongoing. Data from the two systems were analysed to identify tail–biting outbreaks and behavioural changes over time. Levels of pig manipulation were higher in the part–slatted system. Over time, pigs in both systems showed reduced interest in the enrichment provided, but not in each other. Despite the presence of the enrichment device, tail biting occurred in all groups in the part–slatted system, but only 1/12 groups in the straw–flow system. The amount of time occupied by manipulation of the enrichment provided was very significantly higher for straw than for the commercial object. Better design of enrichment strategies is therefore needed and should be based on species–relevant requirements.

scholarly journals PROCESSES OF LOCALIZATION AND INSTITUTIONALIZATION OF LOCAL MANAGERS IN ECONOMIC FUNCTIONS IN DANISH OWNED SUBSIDIARIES IN ESTONIA, LATVIA AND LITHUANIA AROUND THE 21ST CENTURY

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 279-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanette Thomsen
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Transition Economies ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Informal Institutions ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Institutional Changes ◽  
Specific Context ◽  
Formal And Informal Institutions ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Over Time

This study identifies interplay between the localization processes and formal as well as informal institutions in a specific context. Particularly the changes over time in institutions and localization processes are in focus. A longitudinal study of institutional changes in local management has been conducted from 1997 to 2002 among local CEOs, chief accountants and production managers in a Danish SME, using mainly qualitative methods. Data have been compared to primary data from similar companies in Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. The study has resulted in establishing a model for comparing interplay between localization processes in SMEs and the formal and informal institutions in different transition and post‐transition economies.

scholarly journals Thirty-six years of legal and illegal wildlife trade entering the USA

Oryx ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Therese Bager Olsen ◽  
Jonas Geldmann ◽  
Mike Harfoot ◽  
Derek P. Tittensor ◽  
Becky Price ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Wildlife Trade ◽  
Country Size ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Taxonomic Groups ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Main Region

AbstractThe USA is the largest consumer of legally, internationally-traded wildlife. A proportion of this trade consists of species listed in the Appendices of CITES, and recorded in the CITES Trade Database. Using this resource, we quantified wildlife entering the USA for 82 of the most frequently recorded wildlife products and a range of taxonomic groups during 1979–2014. We examined trends in legal trade and seizures of illegally traded items over time, and relationships between trade and four national measures of biodiversity. We found that: (1) there is an overall positive relationship between legal imports and seizures; (2) Asia was the main region exporting CITES-listed wildlife products to the USA; (3) bears, crocodilians and other mammals (i.e. other than Ursidae, Felidae, Cetacea, Proboscidea, Primates or Rhinocerotidae) increased in both reported legal trade and seizures over time; (4) legal trade in live specimens was reported to be primarily from captive-produced, artificially-propagated or ranched sources, whereas traded meat was primarily wild sourced; (5) both seizures and legally traded items of felids and elephants decreased over time; and (6) volumes of both legally traded and seized species were correlated with four attributes of exporting countries: species endemism, species richness, number of IUCN threatened species, and country size. The goal of our analysis was to inform CITES decision-making and species conservation efforts.

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