Inclusive Education in Indonesia: Teachers’ Perceptions

In recent years, extensive research has been conducted on the management of inclusive education. Globally, ensuring equal educational opportunity for all continues to be a significant challenge, and inclusive education continues to be a complex issue. In regard to inclusive education, teachers’ perception, to our knowledge, is surprisingly understudied in the Indonesian context. Therefore, this paper aimed to investigate teachers’ perceptions of inclusive education in Indonesia. This study, which enrolled a total of 157 teachers as research subjects, adopted a quantitative approach and collected data via a questionnaire. The collected data were descriptively analysed through descriptive statistics, which was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics Version 25 for Windows, summarising responses of participants to the questionnaire items. The findings indicate that this current study has finally unravelled teachers’ perceptions of inclusive education in Indonesia. They have a positive perception of inclusive education regardless of their demographic backgrounds. The findings also imply that it is crucial to continue and expand teacher education as inclusive education is still in its infancy. Professional development for teachers to improve their knowledge of inclusive education, benefiting all students, is required. Suggestions with recommendations for future research are also discussed.

Educational Innovation to Address Climate Change Issues

In recent years, we have seen an emerging trend: the application of recreational escape rooms to educational purposes to engage students in their learning environment. This trend also applies to higher education and to the complex issue of climate change. The objectives of this chapter are to revise literature in this domain and to share a case study for a digital and educational escape room related to climate change: “Escape Global Warming.” This digital escape room integrates the core concepts of climate change and global warming into a game to familiarize participants with this topic and with actions that can be taken to reduce and counteract the effects of climate change while entertaining. After playing, students acknowledge to being more knowledgeable about the issue and more motivated to learn.

Körper | Kultur | Konflikt

Society's view of dying and death no longer corresponds to the fixed images with which the corresponding areas of knowledge were associated until a few years ago. For a long time, the supposedly ›unambiguous‹ levels of meaning of this complex issue were stable enough to paralyse social scientific research. For some time now, however, discourses have been emerging that (re)question the normative elements of funeral culture, the treatment of dead bodies and cremation ashes, the labelling of medical diagnoses, and the determination of the boundary between life and death. Today, there is a—quite productive—tension between real practices and cultural guidelines.

“Person” in the Polish Family and Guardianship Code

The article presents the issues related to the understanding of the person in the Polish Family and Guardianship Code. It shows the complex issue of acquiring legal capacity, including the legal capacity of the conceived child, the relation between parental authority and the child, adoption of the child, the acquisition and scope of capacity for legal acts, as well as some limitations resulting from incapacitation were showed.

EVALUATION OF CONTENT OF SELECTED HEAVY METALS IN SOILS OF SHOOTING RANGES

The paper describes analyses of soils taken from open shooting ranges to find pollutants in the form of selected heavy metals. Test samples were taken from closed shooting ranges located in Wloclawek commune. During the investigations the content of following elements was identified: Zn, Pb, Cd, Cu, Ni, Co, Fe, As. The characterization of investigated localizations was also made with evaluation of samples of soils according to the Regulation of the Minister of Environment from 01 September, 2016 on the assessment of ground surface pollution. Studies confirm the relationship occurring between the effects of carried out shooting activities and the degree of accumulation of selected heavy metals elements in the soil of open shooting ranges. Indications show that this is sometimes a very complex issue and if neglected it can cause in the future a serious threat.

The Architecture of ELT Coursebooks

This paper is an attempt to develop a design-oriented approach to ELT coursebook evaluation, with a particular focus on the internal organization of coursebook units at both intra-unit and inter-unit levels. We believe that looking at coursebooks from the position of the materials designer sheds some additional light on ELT coursebook evaluation. The design-oriented approach to ELT coursebook assessment proposed in the paper goes well beyond the immediate, and often superficial, ‘check-list’ methods commonly used to help teachers select coursebooks. In other words, the design-oriented approach to ELT coursebook assessment enables teachers an insight into ‘the architecture’ of textbooks. On this ‘journey to the centre of ELT textbooks’, we try to highlight how language teaching materials have been resolving the conundrum of the dynamic combination of the What (content), and the How (pedagogy/methodology). In presenting a materials design process, we start off with the assumption that there has always been a broad basis of theoretical and pedagogical notions that can inform the content and organization of ELT coursebooks, and upon which coursebook writers can build when designing instructional materials. The article then discusses three stages of the design process, offering a more detailed analysis of the complex issue of unit structure at intra- and inter-unit levels. We explore different formats of unit structure, its components, ways of creating coherence throughout the unit, and its underlying methodology/pedagogy. The last point prompts the conclusion that today’s ELT materials are produced in response to a perceived market demand that is often at variance with the latest theoretical developments in ELT.

Defining Fair Use on YouTube: A Guide to Modern Copyright

Copyright law is a large, complex issue that has found itself at the center of controversy on YouTube. Much of the debate around copyright centers on whether a video is fair use, the exception to copyright laws. There are large problems on YouTube surrounding the exploitation of the Content ID system, and the solutions to these problems often rely on the assumption of clear and defined copyright law, which is far from the case. This led my research into finding out based on the case law, what constitutes fair use on YouTube? Using a content analysis, these complexities of copyright law were able to be broken down into easy-to-understand guidelines. To do this, roughly 30 cases were found using the websites case.law and copyright.gov, and the decision of the case and the reasoning behind it were pulled out to create guidelines based on the copyright case law of court decisions. These guidelines consist of having a license for the copyrighted content, using the content for education, criticism or review, providing significant commentary to shift the focus away from the content, using the content for parody, changing the purpose of the content, or using an insignificant portion of the content. If any of these scenarios are met, then the video will likely not violate copyright. The use of these guidelines could be implemented into YouTubes algorithm, but more likely these guidelines would be easy to follow for creators to know whether or not their video will violate copyright.

THE NEXT GREAT ADVENTURE: REPRESENTATIONS OF DEATH IN J. K. ROWLING’S HARRY POTTER SERIES

In line with previous studies about the importance of breaking with taboos surrounding death in children’s and YA literature, this article examines how this topic is treated in J. K. Rowling’s Harry Potter series. Whereas other critical works have focused on Rowling’s excessive representations of violent deaths, I concentrate on the more benign portrayals of this reality that can also be found in her novels. I contend that the series ultimately renders and treats death as a complex issue. On one hand, Rowling embraces the pedagogy of death with her explicit didactic message that death is not evil per se and has to be accepted as a natural part of our existence, an idea which is central to the series. On the other hand, this study also looks into the ways in which deviates from the pedagogy of death, arguing that this does not necessarily detract from the series’ potential to promote a healthy view of this topic among readers. On the contrary, Rowling’s capacity to teach her audience lessons about death while, at the same time, acknowledging that these lessons may sometimes be at odds with how readers actually feel about the end of life makes for a complex, sensitive and humane rendering of this subject.

Donne immigrate, estremismi e radicalizzazione. Tra rischio di vulnerabilità e opportunità di divenire costruttrici di comunità

This paper addresses the complex issue of extremism and radicalization from the perspective of gender difference and, in particular, the female gender. In fact, these issues are mostly associated with the male gender and there are still few studies, especially in the national context, on female forms of radicalization. The first studies and reports at European level highlight an increasing participation of women in terrorist organizations in recent years and the strong presence of forms of discrimination and sexist stereotypes within the organizations themselves. However, sometimes joining a terrorist organization can represent for women, especially initially, a way to feel autonomous and be able to redeem themselves from a situation of pressure, discrimination and violence suffered. Particular attention is devoted to young people and Muslim women because they are more at risk of discrimination and social exclusion and to the role of immigrant mothers as mediators of two cultures and facilitators in the process of social inclusion of younger generations, especially if supported by policies and educational models based on inclusion, recognition of difference as a value, acceptance of the other, dialogue, and respect. In this regard, the contribution presents the results of a research conducted among secondary school students to investigate the dynamics of inclusion among peers and critical issues related to the adolescent period.

Wdrażanie modelu gospodarczego opartego na obiegu zamkniętym w biogospodarce

Implementing circular bioeconomy solutions is a complex issue. It requires a good knowledge of the concepts, the different processes of the circular economy and their expected impacts on sectors and value chains. However, research on the circular economy appears to be fragmented across disciplines and there are often different perspectives on the interpretation of the concept and related aspects to be assessed. This article reviews the literature on bioeconomy and closed-loop economy to better understand the concept, as well as its different dimensions and expected impacts. The aim of the article is to outline the concept of a circular bioeconomy along with a presentation of the main considerations for its implementation. Selected policy initiatives for the implementation of the closed-loop bioeconomy concept in the bioeconomy sector and business models dedicated to bioeconomy solutions are presented.