A method for spatio-temporal process assessment of eco-geological environmental security in mining areas using catastrophe theory and projection pursuit model

2021 ◽  
pp. 030913332098254
Author(s):  
Huaiyong Shao ◽  
Xiaofei Sun ◽  
Ying Lin ◽  
Wei Xian ◽  
Yingzhi Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catastrophe Theory ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Projection Pursuit ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Environmental Security ◽  
Accurate Evaluation ◽  
Mining Areas ◽  
Temporal Process ◽  
Projection Pursuit Model ◽  
Spatio Temporal

It is a universal problem that the eco-geological environment has been damaged by mineral resources exploitation. The accurate evaluation of eco-geological environmental security (EES) in mining areas is essential for restoring the environment of the mining area. However, a robust approach to obtaining an accurate evaluation of ESS has not yet been produced due to the complex spatio-temporal process of EES. Here, we developed a new method for enabling the quantitative evaluation of the EES spatio-temporal process. The EES evaluation index system of mining areas was established from both natural and anthropogenic aspects. The EES evaluation method was developed by combining the catastrophe theory and projection pursuit model (PPM). Then, with the support of remote sensing (RS) and a geographic information system (GIS), the method was applied to evaluate the spatio-temporal process of EES in Panxi mining area. The bifurcation curve and receiver operating characteristic curve were used to verify the developed method. The results showed that this method could accurately evaluate the spatio-temporal process of EES in a mining area and could successfully recognise the threshold value to distinguish the safe status and unsafe status. Strong spatio-temporal variations of EES in Panxi area were found, which may be the result of the combined effect of multiple factors (e.g. mineral resource exploitation, soil erosion, and ecological restoration). In summary, the combination of catastrophe theory and PPM with RS and GIS to quantitatively evaluate the spatio-temporal process of EES in mining areas is a robust method.

scholarly journals A Multi-Criteria Evaluation of the Urban Ecological Environment in Shanghai Based on Remote Sensing

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 688
Author(s):  
Yuxiang Yan ◽  
Xianwen Yu ◽  
Fengyang Long ◽  
Yanfeng Dong
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Projection Pursuit ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Ecological Environment ◽  
Ecological Index ◽  
Environment Quality ◽  
Shanghai City ◽  
Projection Pursuit Model ◽  
The Impact

The urban ecological environment is related to human health and is one of the most concerned issues nowadays. Hence, it is essential to detect and then evaluate the urban ecological environment. However, the conventional manual detection methods have many limitations, such as the high cost of labor, time, and capital. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the urban ecological environment more conveniently and reasonably, thus this paper proposed an ecological environment evaluation method based on remote sensing and a projection pursuit model. Firstly, a series of criteria for the urban ecological environment in Shanghai City are obtained through remote sensing technology. Then, the ecological environment is comprehensively evaluated using the projection pursuit model. Lastly, the ecological environment changes of Shanghai City are analyzed. The results show that the average remote sensing ecological index of Shanghai in 2020 increased obviously compared with that in 2016. In addition, Jinshan District, Songjiang District, and Qingpu District have higher ecological environment quality, while Hongkou District, Jingan District, and Huangpu District have lower ecological environment quality. In addition, the ecological environment of all districts has a significant positive spatial autocorrelation. These findings suggest that the ecological environment of Shanghai has improved overall in the past five years. In addition, Hongkou District, Jingan District, and Huangpu District should put more effort into improving the ecological environment in future, and the improvement of ecological environment should consider the impact of surrounding districts. Moreover, the proposed weight setting method is more reasonable, and the proposed evaluation method is convenient and practical.

scholarly journals Comparison and Analysis of Resource and Environmental Carrying Capacity of Typical Rare Earth Mining Areas in China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingjing Bai ◽  
Xin Xu ◽  
Yaoting Duan ◽  
Guangyu Zhang ◽  
Zhe Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Mining Areas ◽  
Assignment Method ◽  
Environmental Carrying Capacity ◽  
Bayan Obo

Abstract Rare earth is a non-renewable and important strategic resource, and China is rich in rare earth resources. However, the process of massive exploitation has caused the migration, diffusion transformation and accumulation of pollution sources, which in turn has a profound impact on the ecological environment of mining areas. Accurate evaluation of resource and environmental carrying capacity (RECC) is important for the green development of mining areas. In this paper, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method based on AHP and entropy combination assignment method is used to study the RECC of mine area in terms of both support capacity and pressure. The Bayan Obo mine in Inner Mongolia; Longnan mine in Jiangxi; Weishan mine in Shandong; Mianning mine in Sichuan; Pingyuan mine in Guangdong; and Chongzuo mine in Guangxi, which have typical representatives, were selected for the horizontal comparison. The results show that, with the exception of Bayan Obo, the support index is greater than the pressure from mining and human activities in all the mining areas. The RECC index ranks for each mining area were: Bayan Obo > Longnan > Mianning > Pingyuan > Weishan > Chongzuo. In addition, an obstacle degree model was used to identify and extract the main factors affecting the ecological quality of the mine site. The ratio of investment in environmental pollution control to GDP is the most important factor limiting the improvement of the mine support index. The results of this paper were given for the different evolutionary processes and differences of RECC in typical rare earth mining areas, which could provide valuable references for achieving the green and comprehensive development of rare earth industry.

Evaluation on Independent Innovation Ability of High-Tech Industry Based on Rough Set and Projection Pursuit Model

2011 ◽  
Vol 480-481 ◽  
pp. 821-826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Wen ◽  
Li Juan Lei ◽  
Zhi Qiang Tian
Keyword(s):  
Rough Set ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Rough Set Theory ◽  
Projection Pursuit ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Main Body ◽  
High Tech Industry ◽  
Independent Innovation ◽  
Innovation Capacity ◽  
Projection Pursuit Model

It is important to evaluate the independent innovation capacity of high-tech industry scientifically, which could accelerate high-tech industry to become the main body of regional economy. In this paper the evaluation indicators of the independent innovation capacity of high-tech industry are reduced with the distinction matrix algorithm of the attribute reduction based on rough set theory. And then, projection pursuit model method based on genetic algorithms is used to get the synthetic evaluation. High-tech industry of Henan province as a specific example is given according to the evaluation index system with 4 primary indicators and 12 secondary indicators for independent innovation capability. It is proved that the evaluation method is feasible and effective.

The Representation and Organizational of Geographical Spatio-temporal Process Case

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 845-853
Author(s):  
Xinzhong YANG ◽  
Yunyan DU ◽  
Fenzhen SU ◽  
Min JI ◽  
Lijing WANG
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Process ◽  
Spatio Temporal

scholarly journals Adjoint-based direct data assimilation of GNSS time series for optimizing frictional parameters and predicting postseismic deformation following the 2003 Tokachi-oki earthquake

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masayuki Kano ◽  
Shin’ichi Miyazaki ◽  
Yoichi Ishikawa ◽  
Kazuro Hirahara
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Data Assimilation ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Temporal Evolution ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Postseismic Deformation ◽  
Coseismic Slip ◽  
Megathrust Earthquakes ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Gnss Time Series

Abstract Postseismic Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) time series followed by megathrust earthquakes can be interpreted as a result of afterslip on the plate interface, especially in its early phase. Afterslip is a stress release process accumulated by adjacent coseismic slip and can be considered a recovery process for future events during earthquake cycles. Spatio-temporal evolution of afterslip often triggers subsequent earthquakes through stress perturbation. Therefore, it is important to quantitatively capture the spatio-temporal evolution of afterslip and related postseismic crustal deformation and to predict their future evolution with a physics-based simulation. We developed an adjoint data assimilation method, which directly assimilates GNSS time series into a physics-based model to optimize the frictional parameters that control the slip behavior on the fault. The developed method was validated with synthetic data. Through the optimization of frictional parameters, the spatial distributions of afterslip could roughly (but not in detail) be reproduced if the observation noise was included. The optimization of frictional parameters reproduced not only the postseismic displacements used for the assimilation, but also improved the prediction skill of the following time series. Then, we applied the developed method to the observed GNSS time series for the first 15 days following the 2003 Tokachi-oki earthquake. The frictional parameters in the afterslip regions were optimized to A–B ~ O(10 kPa), A ~ O(100 kPa), and L ~ O(10 mm). A large afterslip is inferred on the shallower side of the coseismic slip area. The optimized frictional parameters quantitatively predicted the postseismic GNSS time series for the following 15 days. These characteristics can also be detected if the simulation variables can be simultaneously optimized. The developed data assimilation method, which can be directly applied to GNSS time series following megathrust earthquakes, is an effective quantitative evaluation method for assessing risks of subsequent earthquakes and for monitoring the recovery process of megathrust earthquakes.

scholarly journals Multifunctional Activities of Gold Nanoparticles Biosynthesized Using Bacteria Isolated from Mining Areas

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 3670
Author(s):  
Chih-Yu Chen ◽  
Yung-Chu Chang ◽  
Teh-Hua Tsai ◽  
Man-Hai Liu ◽  
Ying-Chien Chung
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Bifidobacterium Lactis ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Mining Areas ◽  
Skin Cells ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Antityrosinase Activity

Research on gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) has often focused on their physical, chemical, and crystalline characteristics. Commercial AuNPs have been applied in the diverse fields of biomedicine, catalysis, photovoltaics, and sensing. In this study, we explored the various activities of AuNPs to widen their applicability. This paper presents a simple and rapid synthesis process of AuNPs with bacteria isolated from a gold mining area. We also investigated the optimization of reaction parameters for AuNP synthesis. The study results revealed that among the isolated strains, Bifidobacterium lactis and Escherichia coli demonstrated the highest capabilities of AuNP synthesis. The optimal pH values for AuNP synthesis by B. lactis (BLAuNPs) and E. coli (ECAuNPs) were 5.0 for 72 h of incubation and 8.0 for 24 h of incubation. The average particle sizes of ECAuNPs and BLAuNPs were 4.2 and 5.6 nm, respectively. Furthermore, these biogenic AuNPs were found to be stable with no aggregation after 3 months of storage. BLAuNPs and ECAuNPs exhibited high levels of antimicrobial, antioxidant, photocatalytic, and antityrosinase activity. Moreover, they were noncytotoxic to skin cells even at 100% melanin inhibitory concentrations. Considering the demonstrated multifunctional activities of AuNPs, BLAuNPs and ECAuNPs have promising potential for commercialization.

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