Microsimulation Assignment Model for Multidirectional Pedestrian Movement in Congested Facilities

2005 ◽  
Vol 1939 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Abdelghany ◽  
Khaled Abdelghany ◽  
Hani S. Mahmassani ◽  
Saad A. Al-Gadhi
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Discrete System ◽  
Pedestrian Behavior ◽  
Simulation Experiments ◽  
Pedestrian Movement ◽  
Pedestrian Dynamics ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Assignment Model

Frequent pedestrian casualties in crowded facilities have brought increasing attention to the study of pedestrian dynamics in such facilities. In this paper, a microsimulation assignment model for multidirectional pedestrian movement in crowds is presented. The model attempts to overcome many limitations of existing models by incorporating various pedestrian behavior rules under a particular set of situations. It also adopts a cellular automata discrete system that allows detailed representation of pedestrians’ walkways and movement areas. The model is applied to the “mataf” system, which is located at the main prayer hall of the holy noble mosque known as Al-Haram Al-Shareef Mosque in Mecca, Saudi Arabia. A set of simulation experiments is designed to illustrate use of the model to study the performance of the mataf system by consideration of different operational conditions as well as different pilgrim behavior rules.

Crowd evacuation model based on bacterial foraging algorithm

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (03) ◽  
pp. 1850027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mu Shibiao ◽  
Chen Zhijun
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Simulation Experiments ◽  
Evacuation Time ◽  
Pedestrian Movement ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Bacterial Foraging ◽  
Optimization Function ◽  
Crowd Evacuation ◽  
Bacterial Foraging Algorithm ◽  
The Relationship

To understand crowd evacuation, a model based on a bacterial foraging algorithm (BFA) is proposed in this paper. Considering dynamic and static factors, the probability of pedestrian movement is established using cellular automata. In addition, given walking and queue times, a target optimization function is built. At the same time, a BFA is used to optimize the objective function. Finally, through real and simulation experiments, the relationship between the parameters of evacuation time, exit width, pedestrian density, and average evacuation speed is analyzed. The results show that the model can effectively describe a real evacuation.

scholarly journals Simulation of Evacuation Characteristics Using a 2-Dimensional Cellular Automata Model for Pedestrian Dynamics

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liqiang Ji ◽  
Yongsheng Qian ◽  
Junwei Zeng ◽  
Min Wang ◽  
Dejie Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automata ◽  
High Density ◽  
Force Model ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Social Force ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Pedestrian Dynamics ◽  
Repulsion Force ◽  
The People ◽  
Ca Model

In public places, the high pedestrian density is one of the direct causes leading to crowding and trample disaster, so it is very necessary to investigate the collective and evacuation characteristics for pedestrian movement. In the occupants’ evacuation process, the people-people interaction and the people-environment interaction are sufficiently considered in this paper, which have been divided into the exit attraction, the repulsion force between people, the friction between people, the repulsion force between human and barrier, and the attraction of surrounding people. Through analyzing the existing models, a new occupant evacuation cellular automata (CA) model based on the social force model is presented, which overcomes the shortage of the high density crowd simulation and combines the advantages that CA has sample rules and faster calculating speed. The simulating result shows a great applicability for evacuation under the high density crowd condition, and the segregation phenomena have also been found in the bidirectional pedestrian flow. Besides these, setting isolated belt near the exit or entrance of underpass not only remarkably decreases the density and the risk of tramper disaster but also increases the evacuation efficiency, so it provides a new idea for infrastructure design about the exits and entrances.

An implementation of the Social Distances Model using multi-GPU systems

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 482-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Kłusek ◽  
Paweł Topa ◽  
Jarosław Wąs ◽  
Robert Lubaś
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Model Calculations ◽  
Pedestrian Dynamics ◽  
Pedestrian Evacuation ◽  
Transition Functions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Distance Model ◽  
Classic Approach ◽  
Large Scale Simulations

We propose a new approach for using GPUs in large scale simulations of pedestrian evacuation. The Social Distances Model is designed for efficient modeling of pedestrian dynamics. This cellular automata based model, when implemented on the most modern GPUs, can simulate up to 106–108 entities. However, a valuable simulation of pedestrian evacuation must include various factors that govern pedestrian movement, for example, information provided by event organizers and navigation or allocation of other pedestrians. The most common method for introducing such information into simulations is the application of different floor fields. The floor fields provide “local knowledge” that affects pedestrians by modifying the transition functions of an applied cellular automaton. The main disadvantage of this method is its time consuming updating process. We propose a GPU based calculation of static and dynamic floor fields, whereby simulations that use several different floor fields can be efficiently calculated. A single GPU is able to cope with the Social Distance Model calculations, while other GPUs update dynamic floor fields constantly or when required. We also present the classic approach to performing cellular automata based simulations on systems with multiple processing units. The lattice is simply partitioned between the available GPUs. We compare these two approaches in terms of performance and functionality.

A cellular automata-based land use and transport interaction model applied to Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

2013 ◽  
Vol 112 ◽  
pp. 89-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Aljoufie ◽  
Mark Zuidgeest ◽  
Mark Brussel ◽  
Jasper van Vliet ◽  
Martin van Maarseveen
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Interaction Model
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