The Pros and Cons of Using the Change in Destination Choice Logsums as a Practical Measure of User Benefits

2018 ◽  
Vol 2672 (46) ◽  
pp. 64-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen Villanueva ◽  
Lisa Zorn ◽  
David Ory ◽  
David Vautin
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Choice Model ◽  
Mode Choice ◽  
Consumer Surplus ◽  
Destination Choice ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Travel Time Savings ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
The Difference

The Metropolitan Transportation Commission carries out an extensive project performance assessment in support of regional planning efforts. For the 2017 regional transportation plan, various types of potential transportation investments were evaluated against qualitative and quantitative criteria. The quantitative metric was a benefit–cost ratio, in which a project’s expected annual benefits were compared with the project’s expected annualized cost. To quantify user benefits (one component of the total benefit estimate), agency staff used the difference in Project/No Project destination choice logsums generated by the region’s activity-based travel model. The destination choice models include, as covariates, mode choice logsums, which means the change in destination choice logsums estimates the change in consumer surplus across all destinations and all travel modes. This approach has long been advocated for in academia and was applied by the Federal Transit Administration for evaluating transit investments in the 2000s. This is the first time that it has been fully implemented in a large-scale, multi-modal application that informs investment decisions. This paper discusses the pros and cons of using this approach. The pros include consistency between simulated behavioral changes in the travel model and quantification of benefits, which cannot be achieved using typical measures of benefits such as travel time savings, as well as the ability to map changes in access across the region. The cons include issues related to the form and creation of alternatives in the mode choice model and the difficulty in explaining changes in logsums to non-technical audiences.

scholarly journals Applying ANP in Establishing a Decision-Making Model for the Destination Selection of Large-scale Exhibitions

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Wen-Tsung Wu ◽  
Chie-Bein Chen
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Analytic Network Process ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Network Process ◽  
Second Tier ◽  
High Benefit ◽  
Decision Making Model ◽  
Selection Of

This study investigates the decision-making issues in the selection of destinations for large-scale exhibitions by the cultural and creative industry. We use the Rubber Duck China Tour by the Dutch artist Florentijn Hofman as an example and adopt the analytic network process technique to evaluate destination options for the exhibition, as well as to explore the impacts of the evaluation of destination feasibilities on exhibition investment. The results show that power, a high benefit-cost ratio, first-tier cities, integration with local communities, and a rich and interesting theme are the top five factors that curators should consider when planning exhibitions. Considering the priority among cities of various tiers, first-tier cities are the most favorable, followed by fourth-tier, third-tier, and second-tier cities. The decision-making model provides curators with a reliable reference for selecting destinations for future exhibitions.

Discrete Choice Elasticities for Elderly and Disabled Travelers Between Fixed-Route Transit and Paratransit

1998 ◽  
Vol 1623 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel P. Franklin ◽  
Debbie A. Niemeier
Keyword(s):  
Discrete Choice ◽  
Current Practice ◽  
Public Transit ◽  
Choice Model ◽  
Mode Choice ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Mode Choice Modeling ◽  
Significant Factors

In the current practice of mode-choice modeling, models typically focus on the more traditional choices, such as those between automobile, transit, and nonmotorized transportation. For most travelers these are, indeed, the most relevant modes. However, for some segments of the population, particularly the elderly, the choice is more limited. This study investigates the factors that affect the elderly and disabled travelers’ choice between public transit and paratransit. Data collected from the public transit service, Sacramento Regional Transit, and the paratransit service, Paratransit, Inc., in Sacramento, California, were used to develop a mode-choice model and to calculate elasticities of significant factors. Age was found to have an elastic effect, whereas the difference in fare had an inelastic effect.

scholarly journals A Joint Modeling Analysis of Passengers’ Intercity Travel Destination and Mode Choices in Yangtze River Delta Megaregion of China

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanli Wang ◽  
Bing Wu ◽  
Zhi Dong ◽  
Xin Ye
Keyword(s):  
Yangtze River ◽  
Choice Model ◽  
Mode Choice ◽  
Joint Modeling ◽  
Yangtze River Delta ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Destination Choice ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Travel Destination

Joint destination-mode travel choice models are developed for intercity long-distance travel among sixteen cities in Yangtze River Delta Megaregion of China. The model is developed for all the trips in the sample and also by two different trip purposes, work-related business and personal business trips, to accommodate different time values and attraction factors. A nested logit modeling framework is applied to model trip destination and mode choices in two different levels, where the lower level is a mode choice model and the upper level is a destination choice model. The utility values from various travel modes in the lower level are summarized into a composite utility, which is then specified into the destination choice model as an intercity impedance factor. The model is then applied to predict the change in passenger number from Shanghai to Yangzhou between scenarios with and without high-speed rail service to demonstrate the applicability. It is helpful for understanding and modeling megaregional travel destination and mode choice behaviors in the context of developing country.

scholarly journals Economics of Chickpea Cultivation and Livelihood of Chickpea farmers in Drought-prone Region of Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Shaima Chowdhury Sharna
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
International Development ◽  
Natural Capital ◽  
Financial Capital ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Local Varieties ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Benefit Cost ◽  
Over Time

The cultivation of improved chickpea varieties has been increasing over time that kicks off the local varieties from the farmer’s field. In this study, we analyze the difference between the profitability of modern and traditional chickpea varieties as well as assess the livelihood of improved and local chickpea farmers in the high barind region of Bangladesh. The values of benefit-cost ratio depict that the improved variety in more profitable in comparison to local chickpea variety. Meanwhile, the multidimensional livelihood index of the Department for International Development reflects that the modern variety cultivars belong in a better livelihood condition than the local variety growers. Among all the five capitals of the multidimensional livelihood index, the difference between these two groups is the largest in the case of social capital, which is followed by financial capital. In the same way, the former group has higher values for human, physical, and natural capital than their counterparts.

scholarly journals A pooled RP/SP mode, route and destination choice model to investigate mode and user-type effects in the value of travel time savings

2019 ◽  
Vol 124 ◽  
pp. 262-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basil Schmid ◽  
Simona Jokubauskaite ◽  
Florian Aschauer ◽  
Stefanie Peer ◽  
Reinhard Hössinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Choice Model ◽  
Destination Choice ◽  
Travel Time Savings ◽  
Time Savings

scholarly journals KAJIAN KELAYAKAN PEMBANGUNAN JALAN ELAK SISI UTARA KOTA LANGSA BERDASARKAN ANALISA EKONOMI TRANSPORTASI

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-179
Author(s):  
Ramli Ramli ◽  
Sofyan M. Saleh ◽  
Muhammad Isya
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Consumer Surplus ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Eastern Area ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
The Government

The construction of medium and infrastructure of transportation has to be followed by the population growth. The trend to divide a regency / city into new separate one was perceived from the theorem of public welfare. This perception generates a big problem throughout Indonesia. Central Bureau of Statistics (2015) stated that the most populous city after Banda Aceh and Lhokseumawe is Langsa. Population of the city increased after the expansion in Langsa in term of motor vehicle. The congestion emerges at the peak hours, between 7.30 to 8.30 AM, 12.30 to 1.30 PM and 3.30 to 4.30 PM IWST. To anticipate this problem, the government of Langsa city in 2015 constructed a new road in the northern area, when the eastern area is not as effective since the width of the road is varied and it needs substantial cost for the construction. On the other hand, the existing road (national road) aquire longer travel time to access the office, education and shopping centre. Therefore, author was interested to observe these 3 (three) road, which generate a result stating that the time required to travel in the existing road is 1.15 hours and 0.03 hours in the alternative road for each one-way travel. The aimof this research is to analyze the benefit for road users by applying consumer surplus method and the public perception in terms of economy based on the Vehicle Operating Cost (VOC), saving of travel time and economic feasibility study based on Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR), Net Persen Value (NPV), Economy Internal Rate Return (EIRR) and sensitivity analysis.

Long-Distance, Multimodal Freight in a Continental Transportation Model

2018 ◽  
Vol 2672 (44) ◽  
pp. 103-113
Author(s):  
Klaus Noekel ◽  
Ian Williams ◽  
Davide Fiorello
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Channel Model ◽  
Choice Model ◽  
Distribution Channel ◽  
Destination Choice ◽  
Logistic Distribution ◽  
Band Model ◽  
Distribution Centers ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Production And Consumption

This paper proposes a model of long-distance freight traffic that is suitable for transportation models covering very large areas. Three challenges are discussed in turn. First, the geographic distribution of trips not only depends on locations of production and consumption, but also on the choice between alternative logistic distribution chains and the locations of intermediate distribution centers. Second, any stage of the distribution chain may combine several modes into a multi-leg transport. Third, the large scale of the model leads to large zones, implying a significant share of intrazonal traffic. The proposed approach adapts the four-stage model by generalizing destination choice into a distribution channel model and by introducing a mode sequence choice model for multimodal transport. A simplified distance band model is applied to intrazonal traffic.

Residents’ Characteristics and Transport Policy Analysis in Large-Scale Residential Areas on a City Periphery

2015 ◽  
Vol 2512 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinping Guan ◽  
Dongyuan Yang
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Mode Choice ◽  
Central City ◽  
Mixed Logit ◽  
Consumer Surplus ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Quality Metric ◽  
Policy Scenario ◽  
The Government ◽  
Permanent Residency

Big cities in China are reforming their old downtown areas and demolishing substandard housing. The government relocates residents to large-scale residential areas on the city periphery, where the residents often find transport service unsatisfactory. However, in the search for policies that could be applied to ease this problem, there were no studies supplying effective quantitative forecasts that assessed improvements in travel quality in such areas. To provide a policy scenario forecast that could measure travel quality, one that is also subject to the so-called transit priority strategy, this study takes the case of Jinhexincheng, Shanghai, China, analyzes its residents’ characteristics, estimates a mode choice mixed logit model, and applies the model to six policy scenario forecasts. Consumer surplus is calculated as the travel quality metric; mode shares are calculated as the transit priority metric. Results show that central city migrants and the others are similar in gender, education, years living locally, and transportation-related decisions, despite their different motives for moving to the area. People are different in age, in whether they have Shanghai permanent residency, in apartment ownership, and in years living in Shanghai. In all possible mode choice logit models, there is no sign of different mode preferences; so in the policy scenario forecasts, they are considered the same. Of all six sets of possible policy scenarios, building retail closer has the highest consumer surplus increase—thus, it improves travel quality the most. Meanwhile, it also has an acceptable transit share. This means the scenario is not against transit priority. In future planning, this policy should be the first considered.

scholarly journals Evaluation of augmentative biological control strategy against major borer insect pests of sugarcane—a large-scale field appraisal

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudhendu Sharma ◽  
P. S. Shera ◽  
Rabinder Kaur ◽  
K. S. Sangha
Keyword(s):  
Untreated Control ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Stem Borer ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio

Abstract Background Biological alternatives to pesticides in agriculture do not harm non-targets organisms including natural enemies of insect pests. Experiments were conducted at sugarcane fields during 2015 to 2019 to assess large scale biocontrol practices, involving inundative releases of trichogrammatids against lepidopteran borers in comparison to conventional chemical-based farmers’ practice. Main body Eight releases each of Trichogramma chilonis Ishii and Trichogramma japonicum Ashmead were made at 50,000 ha−1 at 10 days interval for the management of sugarcane stem borer, Chilo infuscatellus Snellen and the sugarcane top borer, Scirpophaga excerptalis (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), respectively. Likewise, 10–12 releases of T. chilonis were made at 50,000 ha−1 at 10 days interval for the management of sugarcane stalk borer, Chilo auricilius Dudgeon (Lepidoptera: Crambidae). The biocontrol intervention was compared with farmer’s practice (chemical control) in managing these borers. The results showed that farmers’ practices and biocontrol treated fields resulted in a lower incidence of C. infuscatellus (1.1, 2.9%) and S excerptalis (1.7, 3.9%) than the untreated control fields, wherein the mean per cent incidence of these borers (6.8, 8.5%) was significantly higher. The incidence of C. auricilius was also lower in augmented fields (2.8%) than untreated fields (7.3%). The yield data indicated that farmers adopting biocontrol practices were able to get comparable yield and benefit: cost ratio than farmers’ practice, both being better than untreated control. Moreover, in biocontrol fields, parasitism rate on the factitious host, Corcyra cephalonica Stainton cards was estimated. Conclusion Thus, the study highlights the significance of adoption of biocontrol-based technology over a long run to provide sustainable system of sugarcane insect pest management and economic benefits to the stakeholders.

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