Morphological and Cytofluorimetric Analysis of Adult Mesenchymal Stem Cells Expanded Ex Vivo from Periodontal Ligament

2005 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Trubiani ◽  
R. Di Primio ◽  
T. Traini ◽  
J. Pizzicannella ◽  
A. Scarano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Adult Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Physiological Structure ◽  
Secretory Apparatus

Many adult tissues contain a population of stem cells that have the ability of regeneration after trauma, disease or aging. Recently, there has been great interest in mesenchymal stem cells and their roles in maintaining physiological structure tissues and their studies have been considered very important and intriguing after having shown that this cell population can be expanded ex vivo to regenerate tissues not only of the mesenchymal lineage, such as intervertebral disc cartilage, bone, tooth-associated tissue, cardiomyocytes, but also to differentiate into cells derived from other embryonic layers, including neurons. Currently, different efforts have been focused on the identification of odontogenic progenitors from oral tissues. In this study we isolated and characterized a population of homogeneous human mesenchymal stem cells proliferating in culture with an attached well-spread morphology derived from periodontal ligament, tissue of ectomesenchymal origin, with the ability to form a specialized joint between alveolar bone and tooth. The adherent cells were harvested and expanded ex vivo under specific conditions and analysed by FACScan flow cytometer and morphological analysis was carried out by light, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Our results displayed highly evident cells with a fibroblast like morphology and a secretory apparatus, probably indicating, that the enhanced function of the secretory apparatus of the mesenchymal stem cells may be associated with the secretion of molecules that are required to survive and proliferate. Moreover, the presence in periodontal ligament of CD90, CD29, CD44, CD166, CD 105, CD13 positive cells, antigens that are also identified as stromal precursors of the bone marrow, indicate that the periodontal ligament may turn out to be a new efficient source of the cells with intrinsic capacity to self-renewal, high ability to proliferate and differentiate, that can be utilized for a new approach to regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.

scholarly journals Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Display Reduced Expression of CD105 after Culture in Serum-Free Medium

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Mark ◽  
Mandy Kleinsorge ◽  
Ralf Gaebel ◽  
Cornelia A. Lux ◽  
Anita Toelk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Serum Free ◽  
The Impact

Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hMSCs) present a promising tool for regenerative medicine. However,ex vivoexpansion is necessary to obtain sufficient cells for clinical therapy. Conventional growth media usually contain the critical component fetal bovine serum. For clinical use, chemically defined media will be required. In this study, the capability of two commercial, chemically defined, serum-free hMSC growth media (MSCGM-CD and PowerStem) for hMSC proliferation was examined and compared to serum-containing medium (MSCGM). Immunophenotyping of hMSCs was performed using flow cytometry, and they were tested for their ability to differentiate into a variety of cell types. Although the morphology of hMSCs cultured in the different media differed, immunophenotyping displayed similar marker patterns (high expression of CD29, CD44, CD73, and CD90 cell surface markers and absence of CD45). Interestingly, the expression of CD105 was significantly lower for hMSCs cultured in MSCGM-CD compared to MSCGM. Both groups maintained mesenchymal multilineage differentiation potential. In conclusion, the serum-free growth medium is suitable for hMSC culture and comparable to its serum-containing counterpart. As the expression of CD105 has been shown to positively influence hMSC cardiac regenerative potential, the impact of CD105 expression onto clinical use after expansion in MSCGM-CD will have to be tested.

Human mesenchymal stem cells from the umbilical cord matrix: Successful isolation and ex vivo expansion using serum-/xeno-free culture media

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 448-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina N. Simões ◽  
Joana S. Boura ◽  
Francisco dos Santos ◽  
Pedro Z. Andrade ◽  
Carla M. P. Cardoso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Ex Vivo Expansion ◽  
Successful Isolation ◽  
Umbilical Cord Matrix

Short-Term Ex Vivo Expansion of CD133+ Cells by Co-Culture with Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Role of SDF-1/CXCL12

Blood ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 112 (11) ◽  
pp. 3471-3471
Author(s):  
Sarah Vaiselbuh ◽  
Jeffrey Michael Lipton ◽  
Johnson M. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Feeder Layer ◽  
Short And Long Term

Abstract CD133 (prominin-1) is the first in a class of novel pentaspan membrane proteins identified in humans and mice, and studies have since confirmed the utility of CD133 as a marker of stem cells with hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic lineage potential. A number of human transplantation studies have documented hematopoietic reconstitution from CD133+ stem cells from mismatched donors, with a suggested advantage over standard grafts in avoidance of graft versus host disease. We have developed a novel hematopoietic culture system (Long-Term Stem Cell Culture or LTSCC) to investigate the potential of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) to form stroma that can support short- and long-term hematopoiesis derived from cord blood (CB)-derived CD133+ cells. In addition, we analyzed the effect of stromal derived factor-1 (SDF-1/CXCL12) on survival and short-and long-term colony-forming capacity of CD133+ hematopoiesis. LTSCC induced stroma-like changes in the MSC feeder layer, with adipocyte formation, thought to be needed for formation of stem cell niches, and supported long-term (>9 weeks) survival of CB-CD133+ cells. Cobblestone areas of active CD133-derived hematopoiesis were seen in LTSCC for up to 9 weeks of culture. SDF-1/CXCL12 acted as a survival factor for CB-CD133+ cells and induced a significant ex vivo cell expansion at weeks 3 and 4 of LTSCC (maximal 500-fold increase), while maintaining the capacity for CFU-Mix and BFU-E colony formation up to 7 weeks. Long-term hematopoiesis was assessed by enumeration of long-term culture initiating cells (LTC-IC). When SDF-1/CXCL12 was added to LTSCC, we found a significant increase in LTC-IC: 0.3% (+SDF-1/CXCL12) vs. 0.05% (-SDF-1/CXCL12). Finally, homing capacity, as defined by SDF-1/CXCL12-induced adhesion and migration of CB-CD133+ cells, was maintained and even increased during the first 3 weeks of LTSCC. In summary, MSC can be maintained in LTSCC medium, and this simplified feeder layer is able to provide niches for cobblestone area forming cells derived from CB-CD133+ cells. SDF-1/CXCL12 is critical to support the survival and expansion of CD133+ cells, either directly or indirectly by paracrinesignaled retention of CD133+ cells in contact with specialized MSC niches. We suggest that expansion of CD133+ cells from cord blood may be useful in clinical transplantation limited by insufficient numbers of stem cells.

Thermoreversible hyaluronan-based hydrogel supports in vitro and ex vivo disc-like differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1627-1639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianna Peroglio ◽  
David Eglin ◽  
Lorin M. Benneker ◽  
Mauro Alini ◽  
Sibylle Grad
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells

scholarly journals A Review of Periodontal Ligament-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Being Used to Regenerate the Periodontal Ligament and Periodontium

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie J. Anderson ◽  
Vincent S. Gallicchio
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells ◽  
Surgical Methods ◽  
Surgical Treatments ◽  
Pocket Formation

Periodontal disease is an inflammatory disease of the tissues making up the periodontium that consists of alveolar bone resorption, recession of the gingiva, as well as damage to the periodontal ligament and cementum caused by accumulation of bacteria in the oral cavity. The method of treatment is dependent upon the depth of pocket formation and stage of disease advancement. When pockets are at a depth between 4 and 5 mm, nonsurgical treatments such as scaling, root planning, and antibiotics are used to treat. Surgical methods are used, however, when pockets are deeper than 5 mm. Both nonsurgical and surgical treatments currently used have limited capabilities to regenerate parts of the periodontium. The discovery of periodontal ligament-derived mesenchymal stem cells and their ability to generate cementoblasts, osteoblasts, adipocytes, chondroblasts, and fibroblasts in vitro that all contribute to the formation of the periodontium. This paper discusses the aims of current and future research on periodontal ligament stem cells and their potential to regenerate the periodontal ligament, as well as the entire periodontium.

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