Levels of circulating soluble receptor activator of NF-κB and interleukins-1 predicting outcome of locally advanced basal cell carcinoma

Decreasing levels of cytokines are associated with better responses to therapies, while increasing levels are related to progression or recurrence and decreased survival. NF-κB’s role in the cell cycle and its ubiquity are only stressed out by the evidence for the importance of activation (aberrant activation in the majority of cancers) of both canonical and non-canonical pathways in advanced basal cell carcinomas (aBCCs), a subset of basal cell carcinoma (BCC). NF-κB acts through its canonical, or classical, form activated by interleukin-1 (IL-1), regulates cytoprotective, innate, and adaptive immune responses. However, NF-κB2 often acts through its non-canonical or alternate pathway. During the two-year study period, we selected 21 patients presenting with aBCCs due to delay in accessing medical attention with an advanced form of BCCs (n = 19) and infiltrative BCCs (n = 2). Initial diagnosis of BCCs of head and neck was made clinically and verified by skin biopsy. Venous blood was drawn and serum was obtained. Samples were collected at baseline and every three days thereafter (days 3, 6, 9, etc. until surgery). Antigenes’ quantities (cytokines) were determined by ELISA kits. Initially, the mean value of all cytokine subjects was significantly different related to the control group ( P <0.05). Changes in serum levels of circulating soluble receptor activator of NF-κB and interleukins-1 (α and β) were observed following the surgery. Changes in serum levels of circulating soluble receptor activator of NF-κB and interleukins-1 (α and β) are evident throughout our study period and a certain regularity in its dynamics is evident as the follow-up period moves away. It was therefore concluded that measurement of these factors might be useful in predicting the overall outcome of patients with aBCCs. This study highlights the systemic effects of aBCCs, but further studies are required on this topic.

Download Full-text

Locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma with extensive destruction of face

Journal of Clinical Images and Medical Case Reports ◽

10.52768/2766-7820/1286 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Venumadhavi Gogineni ◽

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Basal Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Basal Cell ◽

Locally Advanced ◽

Medical Attention ◽

Patient Centered ◽

History Of ◽

The Right

A 58-year-old male with a past medical history of squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma presented to the emergency department with complaints of right facial mass, loss of vision, and frequent falls due to visual disturbances. The mass was also associated with pain and purulent drainage. On examination, the patient had a large necrotizing and ulcerative mass occupying the entire right hemiface with complete destruction of facial anatomy including the right eye and nose as shown (Figure 1). On further inquiry, the patient stated that he noticed a “Little Bubble” on his face 3 years ago, which has been progressively worsening since then. He was estranged from his family and had been living alone. The patient did not seek medical care earlier for reasons he did not want to share with the medical team despite our multiple attempts at patient-centered interviewing. He recently established contact with his daughter who ultimately convinced him to seek medical attention. The patient was diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma over his face and scalp several years ago, which was successfully treated with surgery at that time. However, he did not follow up and had not seen a physician in several years.

Download Full-text

Prostatic basal cell carcinoma treated by chemoradiation with weekly cisplatine: case report and literature review

African Journal of Urology ◽

10.1186/s12301-021-00178-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

Author(s):

S. Ridai ◽

C. Moustakbal ◽

A. Lachgar ◽

H. Jouhadi ◽

A. Benider ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Radiation Therapy ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Basal Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms ◽

Basal Cell ◽

Lower Urinary Tract ◽

Locally Advanced ◽

Urinary Tract Symptoms ◽

Lower Urinary

Abstract Background Basal cell carcinoma of the prostate is a relatively rare entity. Their evolution is characterized by the frequency of local and/or distant relapses. Due to their rarity, the treatment is not consensual in the literature. We report here a case of Basal cell carcinoma of the prostate in a 40-year-old patient. Case presentation Our patient initially presented an obstructive lower urinary tract symptoms with a normal initial level of prostate specific antigen (PSA) test (3.5 ng/m). The transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) was in favor of a prostatic basal cell carcinoma with its specific anatomopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics. The prostatic MRI and thoraco-abdominal CT realized after the TURP revealed a tumoral lesion of the prostatic peripheral zone with extra-capsular extension combined with right seminal vesicle invasion and a suggestion of posterior bladder wall adherence. No evidence of visceral or nodal metastases at this point. Considering the tumor being locally advanced, a concurrent chemoradiotherapy with intensity modulated technique was indicated after a multidisciplinary meeting with a 70 Gy total target dose delivered in 35 fractions and weekly Cisplatin. A year and a half after, he developed a cerebellous metastases revealed by intracranial hypertension with no other visceral lesion and complete local remission with the disappearance of the lower urinary tract symptoms and the pain and the appearance of a prostatic atrophy. The PSA level was still on the upper limit of normal. He underwent metastasectomy, and the anatomopathological study was in favor of a cerebellous metastasis of the known BCC. The patient presented postoperatively paraparesis of lower limbs with balance problems for which he was placed in palliative care with indication of postoperative radiation therapy in case of improvement of his general condition. He did not recover and deceased three months later. Conclusions The prostatic basal cell carcinoma is a rare aggressive entity often non-evoked at the clinical or radiological stages because of its unspecific appearance. The diagnostic of these tumors is based on histological examination and a large immunohistochemistry panel. Given its scarity, very few data is available for locally advanced non-metastatic stages treated by radiation therapy. We assess here a good local response with concurrent chemoradiation therapy.

Download Full-text