Jargon Et Argot Psychiatriques

1965 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 308-312
Author(s):  
J-Frs. Saucier
Keyword(s):  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Mental Patient ◽  
Common Language ◽  
French Speaking ◽  
Specialized Language ◽  
The Common ◽  
Social Prejudice ◽  
Conceptual Evolution

In every society, civilized or not, there is a prejudice against the mentally ill. This prejudice is transmitted to children through a thousand ways, including mass media, which despite appearances, has not markedly changed. In this light of at least a latent social prejudice, what happens to persons exposed to the influence of medical science? How do they change from stereotyped thinking concerning the mental patient, to scientific thinking? It seems that linguistic analysis might help the understanding of the conceptual evolution of doctors and nurses. The common language, having at the same time a denotative and a connotative meaning, every science cannot be happy with it. It must constitute a specialized language, a jargon, which is strictly limited to the denotative meaning. For example, the term ‘crazy’ as used in common language will be designated in psychiatric jargon by technical terms such as ‘psychotic’, ‘hebephrenic’, etc. The expressive role of language being totally excluded from scientific jargon, it is quite possible that a secret and informal language, a slang, will be spontaneously constituted. From an indifferentiated common language evolve, in a scientific milieu, two differentiated languages, a jargon and a slang. This hypothesis seems to be supported by the results of a brief enquiry in a French-speaking hospital: certain slang expressions used secretly to designate a mental patient were found, such as ‘un cas de psy’, ‘un erodé’, ‘un cas de crodome’ and ‘un cas de crodosarcome’. Similarly, psychiatrists were named ‘poètes’ or ‘ceux du vague à l'âme’.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF “THE FUNDAMENTAL DICTIONARY OF THE ENVIRONMENT DICOENVIRO” IN COMPARISON WITH ELECTRONIC RESOURCES FRAMENET, PROPBANK, VERBNET IN THE FRAMEWORK OF MODERN THEORETICAL LEXICOGRAPHIC PARADIGM

2021 ◽  
pp. 166-173
Author(s):  
Kalinichenko T.M.
Keyword(s):  
Internet Resource ◽  
Common Language ◽  
Electronic Resources ◽  
Function Annotation ◽  
Specialized Language ◽  
Semantic Frames ◽  
The Common ◽  
Syntactic Function ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Specialized Languages

The purpose of the article is to establish the possibilities of functioning of the terminological Internet resource “The Fundamental Dictionary of the Environment DiCoEnviro”, to examine its methods to carry out a comparative analysis with electronic resources FrameNet, Propbank, VerbNet to open a new perspective of the perception of the meaning of words in common and specialized languages in the framework of modern theoretical lexicographic paradigm.Methods. The complex linguo-pragmatic descriptive method and the techniques of observation, comparison, generalization and interpretation helped to characterize the work of the terminological Internet resource DiCoEnviro and electronic resources FrameNet, Propbank, VerbNet, to identify phenomena in them; the extraction of terminological units for the formation of the results materials is made by the method of continuous sampling.Results. The article highlights the work of the terminological Internet resource DiCoEnviro in comparison with electronic resources FrameNet, Propbank, VerbNet, which offer mainly information about the common language. It is found that in DiCoEnviro the participant is defined by the type, role, is expressed by syntactic group, each context contains a description of syntactic function. Annotation of contexts in DiCoEnviro is performed using the Oxigen XML editor, while users view annotations in HTML format when visiting the DiCoEnviro website.Conclusions. The article presents the work of scientists in the field of lexicography, namely electronic dictionaries; it shows a study of the terminological Internet resource DiCoEnviro and the principles of annotation of terms in it. The purpose of the DiCoEnviro project is traced; previous works of FrameNet, Propbank, VerbNet are presented, which offer mainly information about common language, while DiCoEnviro includes vocabulary of specialized environmental language; examples of annotations from these projects are given and analyzed. The method used in DiCoEnviro and based on explanatory and combinatorial lexicology and partly on the theory of semantic frames is considered in details.Key words: annotation, frames, terms, explanatory and combinatorial lexicology, specialized language. Мета статті – встановити можливості функціонування термінологічного інтернет-ресурсу «Фундаментальний слов-ник навколишнього середовища DiCoEnviro», розглянути його методи для здійснення порівняльного аналізу з електронни-ми ресурсами FrameNet, Propbank, VerbNet, щоб відкрити нову перспективу сприйняття значення слова у загальновживаній та спеціалізованій мовах у рамках сучасної теоретичної лексикографічної парадигми.Методи. Комплексний лінгвопрагматичний описовий метод і прийоми спостереження, порівняння, узагальнення та інтер-претації допомогли охарактеризувати роботу термінологічного інтернет-ресурсу DiCoEnviro і електронних ресурсів FrameNet, Propbank, VerbNet, виявити явища в них; виокремлення термінологічних одиниць для формування матеріалів результатів зро-блено методом суцільної вибірки.Результати. У статті висвітлено роботу термінологічного інтернет-ресурсу DiCoEnviro порівняно з електронними ресур-сами FrameNet, Propbank, VerbNet, які пропонують в основному інформацію про загальновживану мову. З’ясовано, що в DiCoEnviro учасник визначається своїм типом, роллю, виражається синтаксичною групою, кожен контекст містить опис синтаксичної функції. Анотування контекстів у DiCoEnviro виконується за допомогою редактора XML Oxigen, тоді як корис-тувачі, коли відвідують вебсайт DiCoEnviro, дивляться анотування у форматі HTML.Висновки. У статті презентовано роботи науковців у галузі лексикографії, а саме електронних словників; показано дослі-дження термінологічного інтернет-ресурсу DiCoEnviro і принципів анотування термінів у ньому. Простежено мету проєк-ту DiCoEnviro; представлені попередні роботи FrameNet, Propbank, VerbNet, які пропонують в основному інформацію про загальновживану мову, тоді як DiCoEnviro включає у себе лексику спеціалізованої мови навколишнього середовища; наведено і проаналізовано приклади анотування з цих проєктів. Докладно розглянуто методику, яка застосовується в DiCoEnviro і ґрун-тується на пояснювальній і комбінаторній лексикології і частково на теорії семантичних фреймів.Ключові слова: анотування, фрейми, терміни, пояснювальна і комбінаторна лексикологія, спеціалізована мова

Typologie des constructions syntagmatiques des termes médicaux vietnamiens

Terminology ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-220
Author(s):  
Tuan Duc Tran
Keyword(s):  
Medical Literature ◽  
Medical Writing ◽  
Semantic Relations ◽  
Common Language ◽  
Medical Terminology ◽  
The Common

Today, Vietnamese physicians are directing their attention towards works on semantic relations in medical writing in Vietnamese by trying to build terminological databases using phrasal terms. Phrasal term patterns from the common language are examples of motivated form term formation and comply with terminology policy guidelines in Vietnam. The object of this paper is to examine the typology of various constructions of phrasal terms in recent Vietnamese medical terminology, to describe how medical phrasal terms can be produced by their users in Vietnamese medical literature and to show the role of phrasal term patterns in the democratisation of knowledge.

Conclusion

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil Rhodes
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Literary Culture ◽  
Common Language ◽  
English Verse ◽  
The Common

The conclusion uses the contrast between the English verse anthology Belvedere, published by John Bodenham in 1600, and Erasmus’ proverb collection of 1499 to suggest how literary culture in England evolves in the course of the sixteenth century: the role of literary arbiter is transferred from an international scholar of formidable learning to an upwardly mobile grocer with a taste for poetry, and the resources of literature have been transferred from Latin, the common language of Europe, to common English. This concluding chapter reprises the themes and argument of the book and ends with the observation that by 1600 the commonalty was not just the labouring class, but also constituted a readership and an audience.

scholarly journals A People’s Green New Deal: Obstacles and Prospects

2021 ◽  
pp. 227797602110308
Author(s):  
Max Ajl
Keyword(s):  
New Deal ◽  
State Sovereignty ◽  
Common Language ◽  
Climate Politics ◽  
Social Democratic ◽  
The Past ◽  
Northern Climate ◽  
The Common ◽  
Climate Crisis

Within the past years, the Green New Deal (GND) became the common language for Northern climate politics, offering a seeming exit path from Northern social and ecological crises while erasing an older Northern climate discourse tied to Southern demands for climate reparations and rights to development. This Eurocentric GND has become the environmental program for an equally Eurocentric social democratic renewal. This article situates the GND in world-systemic shifts, and Northern reactions to such shifts. It situates the GND as one of three possible Eurocentric solutions to the climate crisis: a great elite transformation from above; a left-liberal “reformist” resolution; a social democratic resolution. It then elaborates a possible “People’s Green New Deal,” a revolutionary transformation focused on state sovereignty, climate debt, auto-centered development, and agriculture. Within each proposed resolution, it traces the role of the land, agriculture, and peasants.

scholarly journals The role of public procurement in promoting healthy and sustainable diets

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Betina Bergmann Madsen
Keyword(s):  
Best Practice ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
Common Language ◽  
Common Goal ◽  
Sustainable Diets ◽  
Healthy Diets ◽  
The Common ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract For diets to meet the FAO definition of sustainable, they must be accessible and secure. One aspect of this is the food available in supermarkets and in people's homes; another is that available in public institutions such as schools, hospitals and workplaces. Public procurement officers are responsible for sourcing food in such spaces; it is therefore necessary for these agents to be empowered with knowledge on sustainable and healthy diets. Ministries need to unite around the common goal that is sustainability. In Copenhagen an innovative approach has been adopted to drive this. The Copenhagen Food Strategy is a multisectoral initiative that has been embedded at the contractual level, changing mindsets and practices with a two-way dialogue between those providing the food and those delivering it. It is important to communicate good examples to demonstrate how policy can work to achieve sustainable and healthy diets for all. A practical manual has been developed to train procurement officers so that best practice can be disseminated across the country. Using the SDGs as a common language, processes can be streamlined and disseminated across multiple sectors and councils to achieve healthy and sustainable diets for all.

On everyday academic research

2017 ◽  
pp. 98-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Tirole
Keyword(s):  
Common Good ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Research Quality ◽  
Economic Research ◽  
Relevant Research ◽  
The Common ◽  
Verification Of Models ◽  
Science And Research

In the fourth chapter of the book “The economy of the common good”, the nature of economics as a science and research practices in their theoretical and empirical aspects are discussed. The author considers the processes of modeling, empirical verification of models and evaluation of research quality. In addition, the features of economic cognition and the role of mathematics in economic research are analyzed, including the example of relevant research in game theory and information theory.

Contemplative Principles of a Non-dual Praxis: the Unmediated Practices of the Tibetan ‘Heart Essence’ (sNying thig) Tradition

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-240
Author(s):  
Eran Laish
Keyword(s):  
Contemplative Practice ◽  
Tibetan Buddhist ◽  
Buddhist Tradition ◽  
The Common

This article focuses on the main contemplative principles of the ‘Heart Essence’ (sNying thig), a Tibetan Buddhist tradition that is characterized by a vision of non-duality and primordial wholeness. Due to this vision, which asserts an original reality that is not divided into perceiving subject and perceived object, the ‘Heart Essence’ advocates a contemplative practice that undermines the usual intuitions of temporality and enclosed selfhood. Hence, unlike the common principles of intentional praxis, such as deliberate concentration and gradual purification, the ‘Heart Essence’ affirms four contemplative principles of non-objectiveness, openness, spontaneity and singleness. As these principles transcend intentionality, temporality, and multiplicity, they are seen to directly disclose the nature of primordial awareness, in which the meanings of knowing and being are radically transformed. Therefore, the article will also consider the role of these non-dual contemplative principles in deeply changing our understanding of being and knowing alike.

Charles de Gaulle and European Community

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (10-3) ◽  
pp. 70-81
Author(s):  
David Ramiro Troitino ◽  
Tanel Kerikmae ◽  
Olga Shumilo
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
European Community ◽  
World War ◽  
Charles De Gaulle ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common ◽  
Post War ◽  
De Gaulle

This article highlights the role of Charles de Gaulle in the history of united post-war Europe, his approaches to the internal and foreign French policies, also vetoing the membership of the United Kingdom in the European Community. The authors describe the emergence of De Gaulle as a politician, his uneasy relationship with Roosevelt and Churchill during World War II, also the roots of developing a “nationalistic” approach to regional policy after the end of the war. The article also considers the emergence of the Common Agricultural Policy (hereinafter - CAP), one of Charles de Gaulle’s biggest achievements in foreign policy, and the reasons for the Fouchet Plan defeat.

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