Ageism, Personal and Others’ Perceptions of Age Awareness, and Their Interactive Effect on Subjective Accelerated Aging

2020 ◽  
pp. 073346482096720
Author(s):  
Yoav S. Bergman ◽  
Yuval Palgi
Keyword(s):  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Self And Other ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Negative Perceptions ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Moderating Role ◽  
Age Awareness

Ageism has been associated with negative perceptions of the future and the aging process. The current study argues that this connection is affected by the relevance older adults attribute to the cognitive category of age in their own self-appraisal, as well as by how they perceive this awareness in others. Accordingly, we examined the association between ageism and subjective accelerated aging (i.e., the rate the individual feels he or she is aging) and the moderating role of self-age awareness and other-age awareness on this connection. Data were collected from 267 participants (age range = 40–95; M = 64.32, SD = 14.09), using scales assessing ageism, self/other age awareness, and subjective accelerated aging. High ageism levels were associated with increased subjective accelerated aging. Moreover, this connection was moderated by both self- and other-age awareness. The study enhances the importance of personal appraisals of one’s own and others’ behaviors as age-related in this context.

scholarly journals Childhood Adversity and Adult Health: The Role of Developmental Timing and Associations With Accelerated Aging

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madelon M. E. Riem ◽  
Annemiek Karreman
Keyword(s):  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Childhood Adversity ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Physical Problems ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Age Range

Childhood adversity has been associated with poor adult health. However, it is unclear whether timing of adversity matters in this association and whether adversity is related to poorer age-related physical health status. A representative sample of the adult Dutch population ( N = 3,586, age M = 54.94, age range = 18–92) completed surveys on health and diagnoses of age-related diseases. Information about weight and fat percentage was collected using weighing scales and childhood experiences were assessed retrospectively. Adversity was associated with higher body mass index and fat percentage, more physical problems, and high cholesterol, and this association was most pronounced in individuals with experiences of adversity during early adolescence. In addition, individuals with adversity more often reported physical problems or a medical diagnosis at a younger age. This study indicates that (1) timing of exposure to adversity matters in the relationship between experienced childhood adversity and health and (2) adversity is associated with a higher prevalence of age-related diseases at earlier ages.

scholarly journals The Interactive Effect of Positive Psychological Capital and Organizational Trust on Organizational Citizenship Behavior

SAGE Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 215824401986266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harun Yildiz
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Citizenship ◽  
Organizational Citizenship Behavior ◽  
Psychological Capital ◽  
Organizational Trust ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Positive Psychological Capital ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Moderating Role

To date, numerous empirical studies have been conducted to investigate the link between organizational trust and organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs). However, it is surprising that the moderating role of positive psychological capital (PsyCap) on the relationship between organizational trust and OCBs has not been directly tested. Thus, this relationship is currently under-researched. Addressing this gap in the organization literature, the purpose of this study is to examine the potential moderating role of positive PsyCap on the relationship between organizational trust and OCBs. Given this context and purpose of the study, the data collected from a sample of 1,100 health care employees from seven hospitals in Istanbul provided good support for the hypothesis. The findings indicate that positive PsyCap moderates the relationship between organizational trust and OCBs in such a manner that the relationship is stronger when positive PsyCap is high. The research findings are discussed with a view to implications and suggestions for future research.

Specific Patterns of Family Aggression and Adolescents’ Self- and Other-Directed Harm: The Moderating Role of Personality

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjuan Zhang ◽  
M. Sima Finy ◽  
Konrad Bresin ◽  
Edelyn Verona
Keyword(s):  
Self And Other ◽  
Moderating Role ◽  
Family Aggression

scholarly journals Loxl2 is a mediator of cardiac aging in Drosophila melanogaster; genetically examining the role of aging clock genes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark J Bouska ◽  
Hua Bai
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Clock Genes ◽  
Turning Points ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Human Orthologs ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Transcriptional Target

Abstract Transcriptomic, proteomic, and methylation aging clocks demonstrate that aging has a predictable preset program, while Transcriptome Trajectory Turning Points indicate that the 20 to 40 age range in humans is the likely stage at which the progressive loss of homeostatic control, and in turn aging, begins to have detrimental effects. Turning points in this age range overlapping with human aging clock genes revealed five candidates that we hypothesized could play a role in aging or age-related physiological decline. To examine these gene’s effects on lifespan and health-span, we utilized whole body and heart specific gene knockdown of human orthologs in Drosophila melanogaster. Whole body Loxl2, fz3, and Glo1 RNAi positively affected lifespan as did heart-specific Loxl2 knockdown. Loxl2 inhibition concurrently reduced age-related cardiac arrythmia and collagen (Pericardin) fiber width. Loxl2 binds several transcription factors in humans and RT-qPCR confirmed that a conserved transcriptional target CDH1 (Drosophila CadN2), has expression levels which correlate with Loxl2 reduction in Drosophila. These results point to conserved pathways and multiple mechanisms by which inhibition of Loxl2 can be beneficial to heart health and organismal aging.

Mutations of Nuclear and Mitochondrial Genomes as Potential Targets for the Treatment of Metabolic Syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (15) ◽  
pp. 1711-1716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena V. Galitsyna ◽  
Andrey V. Zhelankin ◽  
Igor A. Sobenin ◽  
Alexander N. Orekhov
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Affect Regulation ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Mitochondrial Genomes ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Individual

In addition to external factors, such as exercise, food and the environment, genetic predisposition makes great contribution to the development of metabolic disorders and cardiovascular disease. This review is aimed to examine the genetic basis of complex metabolic disorders conventionally described as "metabolic syndrome" (MetS), with the special focus on currently known mutations in the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes, which are associated with both the individual components of MetS and combinations thereof, and also on the studies of the relationship of MetS phenotype as a binary trait. The defects in the mitochondrial genome should be considered as one of the possible genetic reasons leading to MetS. It is known that mitochondrial dysfunction is closely associated with metabolic disorders, as mitochondria are the center of energy metabolism. Consequently, the changes in mitochondrial genes and their functions affect regulation of metabolism. Until now, the role of mitochondrial DNA damage in the development of cardiovascular diseases, age-related and metabolic disorders is still poorly understood. The results of performed studies would help assessing the role of mitochondrial DNA mutations in susceptibility to metabolic syndrome and related metabolic diseases.

scholarly journals Sustainable and Healthy Organizations Promote Employee Well-Being: The Moderating Role of Selection, Optimization, and Compensation Strategies

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrián Segura-Camacho ◽  
Juan-José García-Orozco ◽  
Gabriela Topa
Keyword(s):  
Older Workers ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Task Demands ◽  
Task Characteristics ◽  
Cognitive Changes ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Moderating Role

The psychology of sustainability claims for a new kind of organization that promotes employee well-being as well as the search firm’s performance. In sustainable and healthy organizations, tasks are characterized by their significance, variety, autonomy, and feedback from the job. This way of organizing employees’ activities motivates them and can affect their well-being. However, due to a series of age-related physical and cognitive changes, older workers must constantly adapt to task demands to continue working and maintain their productivity. This research explores the moderating role of selection, optimization, and compensation strategies in the relationship between task characteristics (significance, variety, autonomy, and feedback from the job) on the one hand, and job satisfaction and organizational citizenship behaviors on the other. This study was carried out using a lagged design over a three-month interval. Participants were 183 Spanish workers aged between 45–55 years who completed two questionnaires (Time 1 and Time 2). The results support the moderating role of the optimization and compensation in the relationship between task characteristics and employee well-being. Elective selection and loss-based selection strategies do not moderate the relationship. These findings underscore that people who are actively involved in optimization and compensation strategies can age successfully at work. The implications of this study to improve the orientation practices of older workers are discussed.

scholarly journals Towards a Cultural Psychology: Meaning and Social Practice as Key Elements

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Andrés Santamaría ◽  
Mercedes Cubero ◽  
Manuel Luis De la Mata
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Functioning ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
Cultural Psychology ◽  
Human Mind ◽  
Self And Other ◽  
The Social ◽  
Historically Situated ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Methodological Aspects

Several prominent scholars in the Social Sciences have defended the need for a new way of studying the relationship between culture and the individual. Over the last three decades, it has been common to find studies under the heading of Cultural Psychology (CP), which have focussed on the role of culture in historical and ontogenetic development. However, among the defenders of CP, there have been specific disagreements over theoretical and methodological aspects of the project. This lack of agreement is revealed by the different conceptions of the role of meaning and social practice in human psychological functioning. This paper aims is to analyze some different approaches to CP, and the role of meaning plays in its constitution. For us, the central claim of CP is that the human mind should be seen as inter-penetrated by intentional worlds that are culturally and historically situated, and this psychology must to study the ways psyche and culture; person and context, self and other, practitioner and practice live together, and jointly make each other up. In addition, CP has also identified the symbolic mediation of mind and culture as its analytical focus. Finally, we defend that culture and mind are to be treated as forms of culturally differentiated meaning practices. To make possible this enterprise, we propose the necessity to develop the notion of mediated and situated actions as a unit of analysis of Cultural Psychology.

scholarly journals Absorption, metabolism and excretion of flavanones from single portions of orange fruit and juice and effects of anthropometric variables and contraceptive pill use on flavanone excretion

2008 ◽  
Vol 101 (5) ◽  
pp. 664-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary M. Brett ◽  
Wendy Hollands ◽  
Paul W. Needs ◽  
Birgit Teucher ◽  
Jack R. Dainty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Individual Variation ◽  
Large Range ◽  
Contraceptive Pill ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Orange Fruit ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Plasma Pharmacokinetic

Oranges are rich sources of flavonoids that are bioactive and may protect against age-related diseases. The absorption of orange flavanones may be affected by factors such as processing and subject anthropometric variables, and the bioactivity of the absorbed phytochemicals depends on how they are metabolised during absorption. In a randomised cross-over study, twenty subjects consumed a single portion of orange fruit (150 g) or juice (300 g) that contained the flavanones narirutin and hesperidin, and an additional 109 subjects across a broad age range (18–80 years) consumed the juice. Flavanone metabolites were measured in regularly collected samples of plasma and urine. After consumption of fruit or juice, flavanone conjugates, but not the aglycones, were detected in plasma and urine. The flavanone conjugates were shown to include the 7- and 4′-O-monoglucuronides of naringenin, the 7- and 3′-O-monoglucuronides of hesperetin, two hesperetin diglucuronides and a hesperetin sulfo-glucuronide, but no aglycones or rutinosides. Analysis of the plasma pharmacokinetic and urinary excretion data on a dose-adjusted basis indicated no difference in absorption or excretion of either flavanone between the fruit and juice matrices. In the extended urinary excretion dataset the individual variation was very large (range 0–59 % urinary yield). There was a small but significant (P < 0·05) decrease in the excretion of hesperetin (but not naringenin) with increasing age (P < 0·05), but the effects of sex, BMI and contraceptive pill use were shown not to be associated with the variation in flavanone excretion.

Normal Age-Related Alterations on Chest Radiography

1993 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Mihara ◽  
T. Fukuya ◽  
H. Nakata ◽  
S. Mizuno ◽  
W. J. Russell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aortic Arch ◽  
Chest Radiography ◽  
Transverse Diameter ◽  
Healthy Men ◽  
Cardiothoracic Ratio ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Individual Variations ◽  
Pulmonary Manifestations ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Age Range

To ascertain serial changes on chest radiography attributable to aging, 16 parameters and 4 pulmonary parenchymal manifestations were assessed at 2 intervals; namely, 18.5 and 10 years after initial radiography in healthy men (n = 51) and women (n = 149) (age range 41–82 years). The transverse cardiac diameter, cardiothoracic ratio, and aortic arch transverse diameter increased significantly in both sexes from the initial to the final examinations. Although several other factors changed significantly, these changes were relatively small and the individual variations large. Initially, 13% and finally, 27% of the subjects exhibited at least one of the selected pulmonary manifestations.

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