Provision of extended producer responsibility system for products packaging: A case study of Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (10) ◽  
pp. 1291-1301
Author(s):  
Haniyeh Jalalipour ◽  
Masoud Ahmadi ◽  
Neematollah Jaafarzadeh ◽  
Gert Morscheck ◽  
Satyanarayana Narra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Extended Producer Responsibility ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Product Packaging ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
Producer Responsibility

A powerful legal tool in evolving solid waste management (SWM) systems is extended producer responsibility (EPR). It is a mechanism that shifts the responsibility of a product to manufacturers/importers at the ‘end-of-life’ stage. Yet, implementation of the EPR concept has faced difficulties in developing countries. In Iran, as one such country, the principle of EPR system was issued in executive regulation of SWM in 2005, however, so far, it has been limited to a voluntary scheme. The problem merits further investigation. Therefore, this study aims to shed light on the obstacles in the path of developing EPR system for product packaging. The research examines the current SWM systems in four functional classified frameworks: legal, institutional, financial and technical. The strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the system are elaborated through semi-structured interviews with a senior executive in the Ministry of Interior (MoI). Then, viable methods to increase resource efficiency and sustainable waste treatment are suggested. The change in the financing mechanism in the Budget Law 2020 forces the manufacturers/importers of products containing recyclable components to pay the revenue from one in 1000 products to MoI for developing recycling facilities and incinerators through partnerships with the private sector. This new strategy would promote proper management of product packaging, create more jobs and a market for international cooperation. However, poor source-separation of wet/dry waste, informal sector activities, exclusive focus on the economic aspect of waste management, lack of expertise and public awareness campaigns are the barriers in this regard.

scholarly journals Appraisal of the Level of Coordination among Solid Waste Management Agencies in Zaria Urban Area, Kaduna–Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 797-804
Author(s):  
Tpl. Lawal Kabir Tunau ◽  
Tpl. Moses Zira Wanda
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Likert Scale ◽  
Ordinal Scale ◽  
Agency Relationship ◽  
Awareness Campaigns

The paper is aimed at determining the level of coordination that exists among the different agencies that are involved in solid waste management in Zaria Urban area. Structured questionnaire and literature review were used to obtain data and information on the roles and responsibilities of agencies involved in solid waste management as well as the nature of inter-agency relationship in the study area. Purposive sampling technique was used to select 13 representatives of the Solid Waste Management agencies. Methods of data analysis employed for the research were the descriptive statistics (frequency analysis, percentage distribution, mean scores, grand mean scores and content analysis) for both government agencies and formal private waste collectors. The two points ordinal scale 1 representing yes and 2 representing no was employed for obtaining information on inter-agency relationships while the multiple options likert scale format was used for obtaining information on the level of coordination that exists among the different agencies, using such indicators as collaboration, consultation and information exchange. The multiple options likert scale questions type was also used to obtain information on effects of absence of a well-coordinated solid waste management system within the study area. The results of the analysis of the indicators of coordination using the two points ordinal scale on inter-agency relationship and other indicators, that is collaboration, consultation and information exchange also signified inefficient coordination among the agencies. The paper recommended among others that, there is need to prepare a well-coordinated and common solid waste management plan for common implementation by all stakeholders, which will guide policy formulation and coordinate all urban solid waste management issues within the urban area and also information exchange should be improved by providing effective means of communication among the institutions in the areas of public awareness campaigns, regularity of accessibility of the institutions to up to date information from other institutions

scholarly journals Post-Consumer plastic packaging waste management in Indonesia: a producer responsibility approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 325 ◽  
pp. 03005
Author(s):  
Siti Kardian Pramiati ◽  
Tri Edhi Budhi Soesilo ◽  
Haruki Agustina
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Extended Producer Responsibility ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Product Packaging ◽  
Packaging Waste ◽  
Producer Responsibility

In a country with a large and diverse population such as Indonesia, the waste problem is difficult to solve, especially in urban areas. The growth of the population in urban areas has been accompanied by their rapid development of infrastructure and industrial growth. The dynamic lifestyle of urban communities changes their consumption behavior to products that are more practical in packaging. There are fundamental things that arise in the waste management system in Indonesia, including limited waste management capacity in the regions, inadequate infrastructure, implementation of regulations, and a lack of public concern, including the manufacturing industry, on waste management issues. Through the approach of the concept of extended producer responsibility (EPR). However, EPR concept implementation in developing countries is still lacking, where the collection and recycling system has not been adequately addressed. On the other hand, the industrial sector does not yet have enough attention to expand its product responsibilities for the post-consumption stage. This article presents an overview of current practices of post-consumer packaging waste management through an extended producer responsibility mechanism in Indonesia. More specifically, this study focused on consumer goods manufacturing industries. Based on the literature study, various industrial efforts have been shown to adopt the EPR concept in handling its product packaging waste.

Municipal solid waste management in Kitwe City

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 1075-1092
Author(s):  
Bupe Getrude Mwanza ◽  
Charles Mbohwa ◽  
Arnesh Telukdarie
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Municipal Solid Wastes ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The City

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to review the present municipal solid wastes (MSWs) management system, from an engineering management (EM) perspective, for the City of Kitwe while proposing a levers-driven sustainable municipal solid waste management (MSWM) model focussing on improving waste management (WM). Design/methodology/approach The research work involves four stages. First, a comprehensive review of literature is conducted on MSWM. Second, structured interviews are conducted with key experts in solid waste management in the City of Kitwe in order to enhance the knowledge inputs. Third, direct observations and an interview with a WM driver are conducted in order to understand; the collection, disposal and treatment options for MSWs. Lastly, a sustainable model for managing MSWs is proposed Findings The research findings indicate that the existing MSW system for the city is highly unsustainable and lacks EM methodologies. There are still a number of challenges in the management of MSWs which include: lack of proper collection and storage of MSWs; lack of an engineered landfill; lack of waste recovery and treatment systems; and lack of public education aimed at reducing and separating MSWs. Practical implications A correct and detailed database for waste generation, collection, treatment and disposal is needed for the City of Kitwe. The system is necessary for WM resources allocation as well as for planning sustainable WM projects. The proposed model has been developed based on the actual observations, data collection and analysis. Originality/value The research identifies a gap in the management of MSWs for the City of Kitwe. This work is original as no similar MSW model has been proposed globally and specific for a developing economy such as Africa.

Sustainable Solid Waste Management via Biological Treatment

2021 ◽  
pp. 248-271
Author(s):  
Arunima Nayak ◽  
Brij Bhushan
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Future Generation ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Present System ◽  
Sustainable Waste Management ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Biological Methods

The solid wastes generated as a result of human activity have become very complex. Unscientific management of such wastes has resulted in environmental pollution, thereby putting a serious risk to the ecosystem and human health. A sustainable waste management is required for reduced pollution levels as well as for safeguarding the environment for future generation. Biological methods have gained in importance mainly because of its environmentally friendly option for recovering materials and energy. This is true as per the guidelines of “Hierarchy of Sustainable Waste Management.” Composting and anaerobic digestion are two treatment options that is commonly followed in both developing as well as developed countries. The aim of this chapter is thus to address the technical background, advantages, as well as shortfalls related to the waste treatment via biological methods. An up-to-date literature thus presented may be beneficial to the scientists and researchers for working towards further improvement of the present system of waste management.

scholarly journals PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH PLASTIK DI SALATIGA: Praktik, dan tantangan

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Berliana Anggun Septiani ◽  
Dian Mita Arianie ◽  
Via Fide Aditya Andi Risman ◽  
Widhi Handayani ◽  
Istiarsi Saptuti Sri Kawuryan
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽  
Waste Production ◽  
The Government

The increase of solid waste production is a general problem in municipality, particularly of plastic waste. The durability, light-weight, anticorrosiveness, and inexpensiveness properties of plastic make it favorable to be used in daily life, including in Salatiga. However, plastic is one of some non-biodegradable materials that could lead to soil and water pollution as it contains toxic compounds such as aromatic hydrocarbons, phthalates, and organochlorine. Various studies in municipal solid waste management have been conducted. While those studies often applied various approaches separately, researches in regard to the role of stakeholders in municipal solid waste management are very limited. This study aims to explain the plastic waste management in Salatiga based on the role of the corresponding stakeholders. This qualitative study shows that there are four stakeholders who were involved in municipal plastic waste management in Salatiga. They were the households who generate wastes, the scavengers who sorts the wastes, Bank Sampah and collectors who have the same role in order to collect the wastes and treat the plastic wastes through reusing or recycling processes, and the government. Currently, efforts in waste treatment in Salatiga are focused on the system of collecting-tranferring-disposal mode, waste treatment by reuse and recycle processing, and landfilling. Reducing plastic consumption must take into account the sociocultural aspect and environmental awareness, as the people still interested to use plastic instead of using other materials in substitution. Finally, the role of government is central to educate the community in term of sorting activities and reducing waste production, build the capacity of Bank Sampah, and manage the role of scavengers and collectors. Other alternatives include creating synergy between the collectors and Bank Sampah, as well as ensuring final treatment of the unprocessed wastes disposed by collectors and Bank Sampah. 

Towards Integrated Municipal Solid Waste Management: A Case of Urumqi, China

2014 ◽  
Vol 878 ◽  
pp. 3-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Guo ◽  
Ya Xuan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽  
Fundamental Research ◽  
Rapid Industrialization ◽  
Barriers And Challenges

The rapid industrialization, continuous economic development, as well as increasing urban population and peoples living standards in Urumqi have resulted in a great increase of the total generated amount of municipal solid waste (MSW). Urumqi government strives to improve its municipal solid waste management (MSWM), and the MSW safe disposal rate was already up to 92.9% in 2011. This study presents an detailed overview on current MSWM practice in Urumqi municipality, including MSW characteristics and current status of MSW generation, collection, transportation and final disposal. It shows that more than 80% of MSW was final disposed by landfill and current landfill based MSWM system lack of effectiveness and efficiency. The major barriers and challenges that inhibit effective and efficient MSWM are imperfectness and inefficient enforcement of relevant policies, inappropriate waste treatment fee system, backward technology, insufficient public education and participation, as well as lack of fundamental research. Finally, to overcome such barriers, we propose a detailed integrated MSWM system to facilitate MSWM in Urumqi.

scholarly journals “Don’t Judge a Book by Its Cover”: A Qualitative Study of Methadone Patients’ Experiences of Stigma

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 117822181668508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Woo ◽  
Anuja Bhalerao ◽  
Monica Bawor ◽  
Meha Bhatt ◽  
Brittany Dennis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Methadone Maintenance ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Stigma Reduction ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Reduction Strategies ◽  
Related Stigma ◽  
Methadone Patients

Introduction: Despite its efficacy and widespread use, methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) continues to be widely stigmatized. Reducing the stigma surrounding MMT will help improve the accessibility, retention, and treatment outcomes in MMT. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 18 adults undergoing MMT. Thematic content analysis was used to identify overarching themes. Results: In total, 78% of participants reported having experienced stigma surrounding MMT. Common stereotypes associated with MMT patients included the following: methadone as a way to get high, incompetence, untrustworthiness, lack of willpower, and heroin junkies. Participants reported that stigma resulted in lower self-esteem; relationship conflicts; reluctance to initiate, access, or continue MMT; and distrust toward the health care system. Public awareness campaigns, education of health care workers, family therapy, and community meetings were cited as potential stigma-reduction strategies. Discussion and Conclusion: Stigma is a widespread and serious issue that adversely affects MMT patients’ quality of life and treatment. More efforts are needed to combat MMT-related stigma.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document