Sustainable Solid Waste Management via Biological Treatment

2021 ◽  
pp. 248-271
Author(s):  
Arunima Nayak ◽  
Brij Bhushan
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Future Generation ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Present System ◽  
Sustainable Waste Management ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Biological Methods

The solid wastes generated as a result of human activity have become very complex. Unscientific management of such wastes has resulted in environmental pollution, thereby putting a serious risk to the ecosystem and human health. A sustainable waste management is required for reduced pollution levels as well as for safeguarding the environment for future generation. Biological methods have gained in importance mainly because of its environmentally friendly option for recovering materials and energy. This is true as per the guidelines of “Hierarchy of Sustainable Waste Management.” Composting and anaerobic digestion are two treatment options that is commonly followed in both developing as well as developed countries. The aim of this chapter is thus to address the technical background, advantages, as well as shortfalls related to the waste treatment via biological methods. An up-to-date literature thus presented may be beneficial to the scientists and researchers for working towards further improvement of the present system of waste management.

Termite’s potential in solid waste management in Himachal Pradesh: A mini review

2020 ◽  
pp. 0734242X2095739
Author(s):  
Radhika Sharma ◽  
Ramneek Kaur ◽  
Neha Rana ◽  
Asha Poonia ◽  
Duni Chand Rana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Himachal Pradesh ◽  
Present System ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽  
Termite Species ◽  
Almost Everywhere

One of the major reasons for the degradation of Earth’s setting is inappropriate disposal of solid waste. Mountains of solid waste are increasing in every country making solid waste management a challenge almost everywhere on Earth. It is vital to look for such municipal solid waste management solutions that are financially sustainable, technically possible, socially and legally acceptable and environmentally friendly. Currently vermicomposting is the only biological solid waste treatment process that uses multicellular organisms to biodegrade organic wastes. A few species of insects are capable of digesting lignin and cellulose. Of these, termites are the most numerous and play a decisive role as scavengers. Microflora which inhabit the termites’ gut contribute to their waste degrading potential. Termites act as major soil ecosystem managers and are able to breakdown and recycle organic matter and composite. Although studies in the potential of termites to increase soil fertility are well-accounted for in the literature, the potential of termites for solid waste management still needs to be explored. This mini review presents the state of information on the use of termite species in solid waste degradation focused on the potential application in the Himachal Pradesh region, India. This review highlights different termite species found in Himachal Pradesh and the challenges that are needed to be conquered. The study also aims at encouraging competent authorities/researchers to work towards the improvement of the present system by further exploring the use of termites in solid waste management through suggestions and recommendations.

scholarly journals SMK BAHANG STUDENTS PERCEPTIONS REGARDING RECYCLING PROGRAM

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (33) ◽  
pp. 162-182
Author(s):  
Oi Min Chong ◽  
Mohammad Tahir Mapa
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Quantitative Approach ◽  
Recycling Rate ◽  
Design Review ◽  
New Approach

The issue of solid waste management through recycling programs in our country has long been debated. However, the issue is still not taken the proper attention. recycling rate is still low at only 11 per cent compared to developed countries has reached 70 percent. The situation is alarming because its impact on health and sanitation as well as an area of the landfill is increasingly limited. Therefore, one of the steps that can be taken to solve the problem is through the implementation of various recycling programs in schools. This study was conducted to identify the perception and involvement of various recycling programs. Recycling is an effort to collect, process and reuse of materials use. This study uses a design review by applying the quantitative approach. Data were analyzed using SPSS by using the questionnaire. Descriptive statistics with the percentage obtained for use in the analysis of the study. The sample involves four students who were randomly selected in a secondary school in order to get feedback on the implementation of a recycling program. The results showed that students know the various recycling programs and they are well aware of the importance of recycling for analyzing the theories, but this practice is quite difficult. The overall analysis shows that perception and involvement of the recycling program is low. Therefore, all parties should school their energy and effort to make students aware of the importance of the implementation of recycling programs in order to solve the garbage problem in the school which in turn foster the practice of recycling among students. It is expected that the school can design a comprehensive new approach to attract the attention and interest of students to the various recycling programs, as well as to educate students to love the environment and maintain the cleanliness of the school grounds.

scholarly journals Characterisation, Recovery and Recycling Potential of Solid Waste in a University of a Developing Economy

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 5111
Author(s):  
Oluwatobi Owojori ◽  
Joshua N. Edokpayi ◽  
Ratshalingwa Mulaudzi ◽  
John O. Odiyo
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Developing Economy ◽  
Present Decade ◽  
Recycling Potential ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Waste Diversion ◽  
The University

The present decade of Sustainable Development Goals has influenced higher educational institutions to assess and harness their great potential for waste diversion, recovery, and recycling. Institutional solid waste management in South Africa as a developing economy is yet to receive the required attention compared to developed countries. The measurement of the characteristics, and composition of solid waste is a fundamental pre-requisite towards creating a sustainable and viable process of solid waste management systems across institutions as this provides adequate and reliable information on the waste generated. This study aimed to determine the variations of waste components in the University of Venda (UNIVEN) by characterisation of the waste generated. Solid waste samples were collected from key activity areas and characterised using the ASTM D5321-92 method for unprocessed municipal solid waste. The recyclable, compostable, and non-recoverable components of the waste generated were found to be 61.7%, 34.4%, and 3.9%, respectively. The results of the waste audit revealed a strong potential for recycling in the institution (61.7%). This would decrease the amount of waste sent to landfills and enable the monetisation of the recyclable waste recovered from the waste stream, in this manner prompting a circular economy and a sustainable campus thereby lowering the waste footprint of higher education institutions.

scholarly journals PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH PLASTIK DI SALATIGA: Praktik, dan tantangan

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Berliana Anggun Septiani ◽  
Dian Mita Arianie ◽  
Via Fide Aditya Andi Risman ◽  
Widhi Handayani ◽  
Istiarsi Saptuti Sri Kawuryan
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽  
Waste Production ◽  
The Government

The increase of solid waste production is a general problem in municipality, particularly of plastic waste. The durability, light-weight, anticorrosiveness, and inexpensiveness properties of plastic make it favorable to be used in daily life, including in Salatiga. However, plastic is one of some non-biodegradable materials that could lead to soil and water pollution as it contains toxic compounds such as aromatic hydrocarbons, phthalates, and organochlorine. Various studies in municipal solid waste management have been conducted. While those studies often applied various approaches separately, researches in regard to the role of stakeholders in municipal solid waste management are very limited. This study aims to explain the plastic waste management in Salatiga based on the role of the corresponding stakeholders. This qualitative study shows that there are four stakeholders who were involved in municipal plastic waste management in Salatiga. They were the households who generate wastes, the scavengers who sorts the wastes, Bank Sampah and collectors who have the same role in order to collect the wastes and treat the plastic wastes through reusing or recycling processes, and the government. Currently, efforts in waste treatment in Salatiga are focused on the system of collecting-tranferring-disposal mode, waste treatment by reuse and recycle processing, and landfilling. Reducing plastic consumption must take into account the sociocultural aspect and environmental awareness, as the people still interested to use plastic instead of using other materials in substitution. Finally, the role of government is central to educate the community in term of sorting activities and reducing waste production, build the capacity of Bank Sampah, and manage the role of scavengers and collectors. Other alternatives include creating synergy between the collectors and Bank Sampah, as well as ensuring final treatment of the unprocessed wastes disposed by collectors and Bank Sampah. 

scholarly journals Potential of Producing Compost from Source-Separated Municipal Organic Waste (A Case Study in Shiraz, Iran)

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 9704
Author(s):  
Haniyeh Jalalipour ◽  
Neematollah Jaafarzadeh ◽  
Gert Morscheck ◽  
Satyanarayana Narra ◽  
Michael Nelles
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Organic Waste Treatment

Developing countries face serious environmental, social and economic challenges in managing different types of organic waste. Proper treatment strategies should be adopted by solid waste management systems in order to address these concerns. Among all of the treatment options for organic waste, composting is the most approved method as an effective strategy to divert solid waste from landfills. This experimental research aimed to examine the potential of producing compost from source-separated municipal organic waste in Shiraz, Iran. Market waste (fruits and vegetables) and garden waste (plant residues) were used as the raw input materials. They were subjected to the windrow pile composting method in an open site area. The process was monitored against several physical, chemical and biological parameters. In-situ measurements (temperature and moisture content) were carried out on a daily basis. Sampling and lab analyses were conducted over the period of the biological treatment. The final product was of acceptable moisture and nutrient levels, pH, Electrical Conductivity (EC), and Carbon/Nitrogen ratio. All of the analyzed compost samples had lower concentrations of heavy metals than the Iranian and German standards. Overall, the results obtained revealed that composting is a promising method for municipal organic waste treatment. The findings also imply the effectiveness of the source-separation collection method in the production of high-quality compost.

scholarly journals Solid Waste Management on a Campus in a Developing Country: A Study of the Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee

Recycling ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikhat Parvez ◽  
Avlokita Agrawal ◽  
Akhilesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Indian Institute ◽  
Zero Waste ◽  
Institute Of Technology ◽  
Waste Diversion ◽  
Feasible Solutions ◽  
The Developed Countries

The rates of waste generation in India have been increasing with increasing population and urbanization. Since higher education campuses are like mini autonomous cities, they can act as a model for solid waste management (SWM) and enhance sustainable development. SWM is the controlled generation, storage, collection, transport, processing, and disposal of solid waste considering public health, conservation, economics, and environmental conditions. A SWM program on campus will benefit the campus through reduced resource consumption and waste diversion. Developing countries like India are lacking behind in SWM from the developed countries which are using advanced technologies along with efficient management. This paper will analyze the issues related to SWM at IITR (Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee) campus and provide feasible solutions to be implemented at IITR campus for becoming zero waste campus. The SWM at the IITR campus is disorganized and incompetent. Lack of awareness and improper collection, imprecise segregation, exposed transportation, inefficient processing and disorganized disposal of solid waste are the major reasons for it. IITR has the potential to manage its waste properly through various techniques discussed in this paper. These would reduce the amount of waste diverted to landfills and the problems arising on campus due to solid waste, thus leading to a zero waste campus. Other campuses like IITR with similar context and issues can learn from this case study and work towards a zero-waste campus. This paper identifies a need to implement a robust SWM at the IITR campus in India.

Towards Integrated Municipal Solid Waste Management: A Case of Urumqi, China

2014 ◽  
Vol 878 ◽  
pp. 3-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Guo ◽  
Ya Xuan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽  
Fundamental Research ◽  
Rapid Industrialization ◽  
Barriers And Challenges

The rapid industrialization, continuous economic development, as well as increasing urban population and peoples living standards in Urumqi have resulted in a great increase of the total generated amount of municipal solid waste (MSW). Urumqi government strives to improve its municipal solid waste management (MSWM), and the MSW safe disposal rate was already up to 92.9% in 2011. This study presents an detailed overview on current MSWM practice in Urumqi municipality, including MSW characteristics and current status of MSW generation, collection, transportation and final disposal. It shows that more than 80% of MSW was final disposed by landfill and current landfill based MSWM system lack of effectiveness and efficiency. The major barriers and challenges that inhibit effective and efficient MSWM are imperfectness and inefficient enforcement of relevant policies, inappropriate waste treatment fee system, backward technology, insufficient public education and participation, as well as lack of fundamental research. Finally, to overcome such barriers, we propose a detailed integrated MSWM system to facilitate MSWM in Urumqi.

scholarly journals Analysis of Urban Solid Waste Management System of Bangladesh and Germany Waste Management System

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 509-513
Author(s):  
Mohammed Omar Sahed Chowdhury ◽  
◽  
Ashef Ainan Baksh
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Management System ◽  
Role Model ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Closed Cycle ◽  
Waste Management System ◽  
Urban Solid Waste

Bangladesh is a low-lying riverine country. Unplanned growth of urban population causes audacious generation of solid wastes and strives immense pressure on existing services and environment. At present days, urban solid waste management is considered as most immediate and demanding environmental problems vexing Municipal authorities or urban governments in developing Asian countries like Bangladesh. Cities are now clashing with the serious problems of high amount of waste. The traditional concepts and inferior technologies of collecting waste are becoming incomplete as well as incompetent resulting more than half of the engendered solid wastes remain uncollected, disposed of regionally, forging the environmental view of cities quite murky and disheartening for the future. In waste management system, Germany is a role model for the world and the New German Closed-Cycle management is aiming to curve the waste management into resource management. The main intent of this research study is to categories in the solid wastes, discussing the issues of waste generation, a popular method for solid waste management, gasification schematic and waste-management model for Bangladesh. This study also explains Germany Closed-Cycle Management Act as well as waste treatment facilities, recovery, and disposal rate in Germany. Germany keeps very high-quality to preserve soil, air and water from the emissions integrated with waste storage and treatment.

scholarly journals Integrated Waste Management

2015 ◽  
pp. 125-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Günay Kocasoy
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Population Change ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
The World ◽  
Integrated Waste Management ◽  
Management Policies

Handling of solid waste has been a serious problem for countries all over the world. Increase in population, change in life standard and life style, industrialization and production of new products contribute to the increase in the amount of solid wastes and consequently the problems generated by them. Developed countries, being aware of the significance of the problems, established regulatory programs, while economically developing countries continued to handle the solid wastes in a very primitive way, such as dumping them into “open dumps.” In these countries recycling activities are mostly carried on by scavengers in a very primitive way. For the protection of the environment and sustainable development, economically developing countries should establish solid waste management policies, plan recycling programs and publish related regulations and by-laws, and strictly control the application of them. This is explored in this chapter.

scholarly journals Sustainability Contested: Analysis of Stakeholders Participation in Municipal Solid Waste Management - A Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 974-988
Author(s):  
Vishnu J. Menon ◽  
Antony Palackal
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
The Government

Waste has always been a part of human life settlement and we have been either very careless with our waste by discarding it into the streets, the air, water, and in our backyards, or consciously dumping it close to those least powerful segments of the society at all times. Waste has been a problem for human beings and people have been least concerned about its eco-friendly disposal. Developed countries came up with many programmes, regulations and policies to address the municipal solid waste crisis, but still it is an unresolved problem. Municipal solid waste management is still a complex issue everywhere in the globalized and techno scientific world due to the carefree mindset, rapid urbanization process, unscientific development process and lack of social responsibility. In these circumstances, municipal solid waste managementcannot be addressed by mere technological innovations or adoptions. Moreover, the responsibility of municipal solid waste managementcannot be left to the Government alone. Instead, participation of various stakeholders needs to be ensured and coordinated for achieving sustainability. Taking Thiruvananthapuram Municipal Corporation in the state of Kerala, India as a case, this paper discusses the extent and ways in which various stakeholders engage in the two main approaches for municipal solid waste management, namely- centralized approach and decentralized approach. The research study was conducted during the period June, 2020 to December, 2020.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document