The Correlates of War Project: a Bibliographic History of the Scientific Study of War and Peace, 1964-2000

2002 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susumu Suzuki ◽  
Volker Krause ◽  
J. David Singer
Author(s):  
Gerald M. Mara

This book examines how ideas of war and peace have functioned as organizing frames of reference within the history of political theory. It interprets ten widely read figures in that history within five thematically focused chapters that pair (in order) Schmitt and Derrida, Aquinas and Machiavelli, Hobbes and Kant, Hegel and Nietzsche, and Thucydides and Plato. The book’s substantive argument is that attempts to establish either war or peace as dominant intellectual perspectives obscure too much of political life. The book argues for a style of political theory committed more to questioning than to closure. It challenges two powerful currents in contemporary political philosophy: the verdict that premodern or metaphysical texts cannot speak to modern and postmodern societies, and the insistence that all forms of political theory be some form of democratic theory. What is offered instead is a nontraditional defense of the tradition and a democratic justification for moving beyond democratic theory. Though the book avoids any attempt to show the immediate relevance of these interpretations to current politics, its impetus stems very much from the current political circumstances. Since the beginning of the twenty-first century , a series of wars has eroded confidence in the progressively peaceful character of international relations; citizens of the Western democracies are being warned repeatedly about the threats posed within a dangerous world. In this turbulent context, democratic citizens must think more critically about the actions their governments undertake. The texts interpreted here are valuable resources for such critical thinking.


2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 637-647
Author(s):  
Rebecca Lemov

This article traces the rise of “predictive” attitudes to crime prevention. After a brief summary of the current spread of predictive policing based on person-centered and place-centered mathematical models, an episode in the scientific study of future crime is examined. At UCLA between 1969 and 1973, a well-funded “violence center” occasioned great hopes that the quotient of human “dangerousness”—potential violence against other humans—could be quantified and thereby controlled. At the core of the center, under the direction of interrogation expert and psychiatrist Louis Jolyon West, was a project to gather unprecedented amounts of behavioral data and centrally store it to identify emergent crime. Protesters correctly seized on the violence center as a potential site of racially targeted experimentation in psychosurgery and an example of iatrogenic science. Yet the eventual spectacular failure of the center belies an ultimate success: its data-driven vision itself predicted the Philip K. Dick–style PreCrime policing now emerging. The UCLA violence center thus offers an alternative genealogy to predictive policing. This essay is part of a special issue entitled Histories of Data and the Database edited by Soraya de Chadarevian and Theodore M. Porter.


Author(s):  
Anatolii MARTYNIUK ◽  

Introduction. The modern vocal pedagogy is based on the methodological principles of domestic and foreign vocal pedagogy, thorough study of the musical traditions of the Ukrainian people. The issue of preserving the traditions of Ukrainian vocal art and the use of innovative ideas in further development is extremely important. The comprehensive analysis of P.V.Holubev’s artistic and pedagogical activities allows to significantly expand the idea of the the artist' work an at the same time realize its importance for the Ukrainian musical art. The artist left great achievements in the history of the national vocal school, contributing to the process of its formation and development. The purpose of the article is highlighting of vocal pedagogy of the outstanding Ukrainian artist, Professor P.V. Holubev. The methods of analysis of musical and pedagogical activity of Kharkiv singer, teacher, Professor P. Holubev. Results. Pavlo Holubev’s vocal pedagogy has distinctive features. Under his guidance, students learned not only solo, but also ensemble and choral singing. The individual lessons with students had as their main goal the achievement of equality of voice sound and the detection of unique timbre color of the sound and the gradual expansion of the range of voice in the descending and ascending directions starting from the development of the middle register; formation of a diverse palette of sound filled with overtones; performing interpretation of vocal music. It is revealed that in P. Holubev’s vocal pedagogy the following main content lines are traced: development of vocal skills, abilities; the need to introduce them into the system of teaching vocal methodology, which is based on the scientific study of national and world experience of vocal pedagogy; synthesis and constant updating of vocal methods, which takes into account the student’s individual characteristics of the voice and creative talent. Originality. After analyzing the artistic and pedagogical activity of Professor P. Holubev we can define certain scientific approaches to educational process, namely: 1) axiological approach; 2) personality-oriented approach; 3) creative and activity approach. Conclusions. Thus, analyzing the musical and pedagogical activities of the outstanding singer, teacher, Professor P.V. Holubev, we can conclude that the features of his vocal pedagogy played an important role in the Kharkiv vocal school. Scientific study of the musical and pedagogical experience of P.V. Holubev became the basis of national and world vocal pedagogy.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4-2021) ◽  
pp. 28-36
Author(s):  
O. V. Shabalina ◽  
◽  
K. S. Kazakova ◽  

The article presents materials from the personal fund of the largest hydropower engineer of the North-West of the USSR S. V. Grigoriev, belonging to the Museum-Archive of History of Studying and Exploration of the European North of the Barents Centre of Humanities of the KSC RAS. The personal documents of the scientist and the practitioner are sources of biographical information given in the article and potential sources for research in the field of the history of the scientific study of water bodies, rivers and the development of hydropower in the Arctic.


Author(s):  
Jurgen Brauer

AbstractThis essay selectively reviews the history of economic thought on war and peace, starting with Adam Smith. Today, Smith’s trickle of thoughts has become a broad marshland. In this marshland, however, discrete currents are apparent – some stronger, some weaker – which this essay identifies, in rough chronological order, as war, defense, conflict, military, security, and peace economics. As these terms often are used interchangeably, one purpose of the essay is to more clearly delineate these intellectual currents and differentiate them from each other. By building canals in the marshlands as it were, the aim is to help all flows of contributions become stronger.


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