Single-walled and multiwalled carbon nanotubes induce oxidative stress in isolated rat brain mitochondria

Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are broadly applicable across a variety of industrial fields. Despite their usefulness in many different applications, oxidative stress-induced toxicity of SWCNTs and MWCNTs has not been widely investigated. The present study examined the effects of SWCNTs and MWCNTs on rat brain mitochondria using the 3,4 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and indices of reactive oxygen species (ROS), based on measurements of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), and mitochondrial membrane potential. Based on the MTT assay, exposure to SWCNTs and MWCNTs decreased mitochondrial survival and viability in a dose-dependent manner. Findings also indicated that MWCNTs and SWCNTs could damage mitochondrial membranes and induce the formation of ROS, as indicated by increased levels of MDA and decreased GSH content. The results of this study suggest that SWCNTs and MWCNTs likely damage brain tissue mitochondria by increasing oxidative stress and possibly activating the apoptosis pathway as well as other pathways of cytotoxicity.

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Depolarization and cardiolipin depletion in aged rat brain mitochondria: Relationship with oxidative stress and electron transport chain activity

Neurochemistry International ◽

10.1016/j.neuint.2007.01.007 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 50 (5) ◽

pp. 719-725 ◽

Cited By ~ 50

Author(s):

Tanusree Sen ◽

Nilkantha Sen ◽

Sirsendu Jana ◽

Firoj Hossain Khan ◽

Uttara Chatterjee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Electron Transport ◽

Rat Brain ◽

Electron Transport Chain ◽

Brain Mitochondria ◽

Aged Rat ◽

Rat Brain Mitochondria ◽

Transport Chain

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Comparative evaluation of half-maximum inhibitory concentration and cytotoxicity of silver nanoparticles and multiwalled carbon nanotubes using buffalo bull spermatozoa as a cell model

Toxicology and Industrial Health ◽

10.1177/0748233718783389 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 34 (9) ◽

pp. 640-652 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sandhya Sanand ◽

Sandeep Kumar ◽

Nisha Bara ◽

Gautam Kaul

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Silver Nanoparticles ◽

Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Membrane Integrity ◽

Time Interval ◽

Half Maximum ◽

Ag Nps ◽

Multiwalled Carbon

There is a dearth of information regarding the safety of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with respect to their impact on human/animal health and the environment. This study aimed to determine the half-maximum inhibitory concentration (IC50) of Ag NPs and MWCNTs by employing different doses and time interval combinations in buffalo bull spermatozoa. Semen samples containing 100 million spermatozoa each were incubated with 1, 10, 25, 50, 75 and 100 µg/mL of Ag NPs and MWCNTs at 37°C for 30, 60 and 120 min. Sperm viability was monitored by the MTT assay and eosin–nigrosin staining followed by estimation of IC50 values using correlation–regression analysis. Spermatozoa treated with IC50 doses of Ag NPs and MWCNTs were also assessed for different sperm functionality parameters including oxidative stress and membrane integrity. These parameters were observed to be significantly affected in treated spermatozoa compared with the controls. We concluded that both nanomaterials showed cytotoxicity, mediated principally via oxidative stress. This work has provided valuable toxicological information that will serve as a benchmark for future studies aimed at safe use of nanomaterials.

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