A Polyurethane-Gelatin Hybrid Construct for Manufacturing Implantable                 Bioartificial Livers

: End-stage liver diseases have long been a threat to human health, and so far, the treatment of these diseases lacks of effective means. Allogenic organ transplantation has become the last straw for most of the patients with end-stage liver diseases. However, this technique has been greatly limited by the serious shortage of donors and other factors, such as immune rejection, drug syndrome, and high cost. Recently, the emergence of three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting technologies, together with the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) techniques, has driven the rapid growth of this field toward liver therapies. There are several basic requirements for liver 3D bioprinting. From information collection of diseased livers, to 3D printing of liver substitutes (containing the major structural, material and functional characters), and to clinical applications, suitable ‘bioinks’ and ‘bioprinters’ have played essential roles. In this review, we highlight the advanced ‘bioinks’ and ‘bioprinters’ that have been used for vascularized and innervated liver tissue 3D bioprinting. Further studies for the incorporation of biliary networks in the bioartificial livers have been emphasized. It is expected that when all the bottle-neck problems for liver 3D bioprinting are solved, batch (i.e. mass) and personalized production of bioartificial livers will make it very easy to treat end-stage liver diseases.

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Tropical Modernity: A Hybrid-Construct in South China

10.52200/63.a.9u06q3rs ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 56-61

Author(s):

Rui Leão ◽

Charles Lai

Keyword(s):

Hong Kong ◽

Middle East ◽

East Africa ◽

South China ◽

Climate Adaptation ◽

Preliminary Survey ◽

Local Identity ◽

Hybrid Construct ◽

British Colonial ◽

Post War

Parallel to the discourse of Tropical Architecture and the work of UK architects in the British colonial territories in the Middle East, Africa, and India after the WWII, climate adaptation designs or devices such as brise-soleil, perforated cement bricks, sun shading screens, courtyards, etc., started to emerge in modernist buildings in Asia. This article is a preliminary survey of these cases in Hong Kong and Macau since the 1950s. It discusses how tropicality was used in response to the post-war revisionism of Modern Movement that placed emphasis on local identity and culture.

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Bioartificial Livers

Principles of Regenerative Medicine ◽

10.1016/b978-012369410-2.50055-3 ◽

2008 ◽

pp. 928-945

Author(s):

Randall E. McClelland ◽

Lola M. Reid

Keyword(s):

Bioartificial Livers

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Hybrid versus Total Sublaminar Wires in Patients With Spinal Muscular Atrophy Undergoing Scoliosis Surgery

10.21203/rs.3.rs-604868/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shih-Hsiang Chou ◽

Wen-Wei Li ◽

Cheng-Chang Lu ◽

Kun-Ling Lin ◽

Sung-Yen Lin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Spinal Muscular Atrophy ◽

Pedicle Screw ◽

Muscular Atrophy ◽

Deformity Correction ◽

Vertebral Rotation ◽

Major Curve ◽

Apical Vertebral Rotation ◽

Hybrid Instrumentation ◽

Hybrid Construct

Abstract BackgroundEarly versions of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) scoliosis correction surgeries often involved sublaminar devices. Recently the utilization of pedicle screw is gaining much popularity. Pedicle screw generally believed to provide additional deformity correction, but pedicle size and rotational deformity limit the application of pedicle screw in the thoracic spine, resulting in a hybrid construct of the pedicle screw and sublaminar wire. Studies of the efficacy of hybrid instrumentation in SMA scoliosis is often limited by the scarcity of the disease itself. In this study, we aimed to compare the surgical outcome of using hybrid constructs of the pedicle screw and sublaminar wire and that of sublaminar wire alone in patients with SMA scoliosis.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the clinical records and radiographic assessments of patients with SMA scoliosis who underwent corrective surgery between 1993 and 2015. The radiographic assessments included the deformity correction and the progressive change of major curve angle, pelvic tilt (PT) and coronal balance (CB). The correction of deformities was observed postoperatively and at the patient’s 2-year follow-up to test the efficacy of each type of constructs.ResultsThirty-three patients were included in this study. There were 14 and 19 patients in the wiring and the hybrid construct groups, respectively. The hybrid construct demonstrated a higher major curve angle correction (50.5° ± 11.2° vs. 36.4° ± 8.4°, p < 0.001), a higher apical vertebral rotation correction (10.6° ± 3.9° vs. 4.8° ± 2.6°, p < 0.001), and reduced the progression of major curve angle after the 2-year follow-up (5.1° ± 2.9° vs. 8.7° ± 4.8°, p < 0.001). A moderate correlation was observed between the magnitude of correction of apical vertebral rotation angle and major curve (r = 0.528, p = 0.002).ConclusionThis study demonstrated that hybrid instrumentation can provide a greater magnitude of correction in major curve and apical rotation, as well as less major curve progression in comparison with sublaminar wire in patients with SMA scoliosis.Level of evidence III

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Hepatocyte culture in bioartificial livers with different membrane characteristics

Biotechnology Letters ◽

10.1023/b:bile.0000045641.81661.df ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 26 (18) ◽

pp. 1407-1412 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Qin Meng ◽

Guoliang Zhang ◽

Danqing Wu

Keyword(s):

Hepatocyte Culture ◽

Bioartificial Livers

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Porous Poly(vinyl alcohol)-Alginate Gel Hybrid Construct for Neocartilage Formation Using Human Nasoseptal Cells

Journal of Surgical Research ◽

10.1016/j.jss.2010.03.070 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 163 (2) ◽

pp. 331-336 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

David A. Bichara ◽

Xing Zhao ◽

Nathaniel S. Hwang ◽

Hatice Bodugoz-Senturk ◽

Michael J. Yaremchuk ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vinyl Alcohol ◽

Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽

Alginate Gel ◽

Hybrid Construct ◽

Porous Poly

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iPSC-Derived Liver Organoids: A Journey from Drug Screening, to Disease Modeling, Arriving to Regenerative Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms21176215 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (17) ◽

pp. 6215

Author(s):

Cristina Olgasi ◽

Alessia Cucci ◽

Antonia Follenzi

Keyword(s):

Regenerative Medicine ◽

Disease Modeling ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Cell Types ◽

High Rate ◽

Limiting Factor ◽

Congenital Diseases ◽

Induced Pluripotent ◽

Liver Organoids ◽

Bioartificial Livers

Liver transplantation is the most common treatment for patients suffering from liver failure that is caused by congenital diseases, infectious agents, and environmental factors. Despite a high rate of patient survival following transplantation, organ availability remains the key limiting factor. As such, research has focused on the transplantation of different cell types that are capable of repopulating and restoring liver function. The best cellular mix capable of engrafting and proliferating over the long-term, as well as the optimal immunosuppression regimens, remain to be clearly well-defined. Hence, alternative strategies in the field of regenerative medicine have been explored. Since the discovery of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) that have the potential of differentiating into a broad spectrum of cell types, many studies have reported the achievement of iPSCs differentiation into liver cells, such as hepatocytes, cholangiocytes, endothelial cells, and Kupffer cells. In parallel, an increasing interest in the study of self-assemble or matrix-guided three-dimensional (3D) organoids have paved the way for functional bioartificial livers. In this review, we will focus on the recent breakthroughs in the development of iPSCs-based liver organoids and the major drawbacks and challenges that need to be overcome for the development of future applications.

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