“I was 15 when I started doing drugs with my dad”: Victimization, Social Determinants of Health, and Criminogenic Risk Among Women Opioid Intervention Court Participants

2022 ◽  
pp. 088626052110520
Author(s):  
Diane S. Morse ◽  
Catherine Cerulli ◽  
Melissa Hordes ◽  
Nabila El-Bassel ◽  
Jacob Bleasdale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Social Determinants Of Health ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Determinants Of Health ◽  
Antisocial Behaviors ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
The Impact

The presence and severity of childhood and adult victimization increase the likelihood of substance use disorder (SUD), crimes, antisocial behaviors, arrests, convictions, and medical and psychiatric disorders among women more than men. These problems are compounded by the impact of social determinants of health (SDH) challenges, which include predisposition to the understudied, dramatic increase in opioid dependence among women. This study examined victimization, related SDH challenges, gender-based criminogenic risk factors for female participants, and public health opportunities to address these problems. We recruited women from the first national Opioid Intervention Court, a fast-track SUD treatment response to rapidly increasing overdose deaths. We present a consensual qualitative research analysis of 24 women Opioid Intervention Court participants (among 31 interviewed) who reported childhood, adolescent, and/or adult victimization experiences in the context of substance use and recovery, mental health symptoms, heath behaviors, and justice-involved trajectories. We iteratively established codes and overarching themes. Six primary themes emerged: child or adolescent abuse as triggers for drug use; impact of combined child or adolescent abuse with loss or witnessing abuse; adult abduction or assault; trajectory from lifetime abuse, substance use, and criminal and antisocial behaviors to sobriety; role of friends and family support in recovery; and role of treatment and opioid court in recovery, which we related to SDH, gender-based criminogenic factors, and public health. These experiences put participants at risk of further physical and mental health disorders, yet indicate potential strategies. Findings support future studies examining strategies where courts and health systems could collaboratively address SDH with women Opioid Intervention Court participants.

scholarly journals Aiming for Health Equity: The role of Public Health Policy and Primary Healthcare Comment on "Universal Health Coverage for Non-Communicable Diseases and Health Equity: Lessons From Australian Primary Healthcare"

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Burström
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Social Determinants Of Health ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Health Equity ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Primary Healthcare ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Determinants Of Health ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

This commentary refers to the article by Fisher et al on lessons from Australian primary healthcare (PHC), which highlights the role of PHC to reduce non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and promote health equity. This commentary discusses important elements and features when aiming for health equity, including going beyond the healthcare system and focusing on the social determinants of health in public health policies, in PHC and in the healthcare system as a whole, to reduce NCDs. A wider biopsychosocial view on health is needed, recognizing the importance of social determinants of health, and inequalities in health. Public funding and universal access to care are important prerequisites, but regulation is needed to ensure equitable access in practice. An example of a PHC reform in Sweden indicates that introducing market solutions in a publicly funded PHC system may not benefit those with greater needs and may reduce the impact of PHC on population health.

scholarly journals Modeling the Impact of Social Determinants of Health on HIV

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph W. Hogan ◽  
Noya Galai ◽  
Wendy W. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Social Determinants Of Health ◽  
Population Health ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Determinants Of Health ◽  
Modeling Approaches ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThere is growing evidence for the key role of social determinants of health (SDOH) in understanding morbidity and mortality outcomes globally. Factors such as stigma, racism, poverty or access to health and social services represent complex constructs that affect population health via intricate relationships to individual characteristics, behaviors and disease prevention and treatment outcomes. Modeling the role of SDOH is both critically important and inherently complex. Here we describe different modeling approaches and their use in assessing the impact of SDOH on HIV/AIDS. The discussion is thematically divided into mechanistic models and statistical models, while recognizing the overlap between them. To illustrate mechanistic approaches, we use examples of compartmental models and agent-based models; to illustrate statistical approaches, we use regression and statistical causal models. We describe model structure, data sources required, and the scope of possible inferences, highlighting similarities and differences in formulation, implementation, and interpretation of different modeling approaches. We also indicate further needed research on representing and quantifying the effect of SDOH in the context of models for HIV and other health outcomes in recognition of the critical role of SDOH in achieving the goal of ending the HIV epidemic and improving overall population health.

Adapting Survey Data Collection to Respond to the COVID-19 Pandemic: Experiences From a Local Health Department

2021 ◽  
Vol 111 (12) ◽  
pp. 2176-2185
Author(s):  
Amber Levanon Seligson ◽  
Karen A. Alroy ◽  
Michael Sanderson ◽  
Ariana N. Maleki ◽  
Steven Fernandez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
New York ◽  
Social Determinants Of Health ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Health Department ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Determinants Of Health ◽  
Local Health ◽  
The Impact

The New York City (NYC) Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (“Health Department”) conducts routine surveys to describe the health of NYC residents. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the Health Department adjusted existing surveys and developed new ones to improve our understanding of the impact of the pandemic on physical health, mental health, and social determinants of health and to incorporate more explicit measures of racial inequities. The longstanding Community Health Survey was adapted in 2020 to ask questions about COVID-19 and recruit respondents for a population-based severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) serosurvey. A new survey panel, Healthy NYC, was launched in June 2020 and is being used to collect data on COVID-19, mental health, and social determinants of health. In addition, 7 Health Opinion Polls were conducted from March 2020 through March 2021 to learn about COVID-19–related knowledge, attitudes, and opinions, including vaccine intentions. We describe the contributions that survey data have made to the emergency response in NYC in ways that address COVID-19 and the profound inequities of the pandemic. (Am J Public Health. 2021;111(12):2176–2185. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2021.306515 )

Social Determinants of Psychiatric Illness

2019 ◽  
pp. 69-86
Author(s):  
Kristen Nishimi ◽  
Esther Howe ◽  
Erin C. Dunn
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Social Determinants Of Health ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Childhood Adversity ◽  
Determinants Of Health ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Social

The social determinants of health refer to the ways in which societal conditions impact the etiology, course, and treatment of health outcomes. This chapter summarizes four main topics related to the social determinants of mental health in order to provide a framework for clinicians to understand the major social determinants of mental illness and help them incorporate insights about the social determinants of health into their clinical practice. First, we demonstrate how social determinants are related to the field of public health and population health frameworks. Second, we describe how knowledge of social determinants can inform psychiatric clinical practice. Third, we summarize research on four major social determinants—gender, socioeconomic status, childhood adversity, and school and neighborhood environments—with respect to depression risk. Last, we show how information about social determinants can be integrated with more individual-level factors, including genetic variation.

scholarly journals A Public Health Approach to Pediatric Residency Education: Responding to Social Determinants of Health

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice A. Kuo ◽  
Rashmi Shetgiri ◽  
Alma D. Guerrero ◽  
Patricia M. Barreto ◽  
Victor H. Perez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Career Choice ◽  
Social Determinants Of Health ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Residency Education ◽  
Determinants Of Health ◽  
Public Health Approach ◽  
Annual Survey ◽  
Pediatric Residency ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objective To evaluate the impact of a public health approach to pediatric residency education on learner knowledge, skills, attitudes, beliefs, and career choice. Background Incorporating public health principles into traditional residency education can give pediatricians the population-oriented perspective to address social determinants of health. Methods The Community Health and Advocacy Training (CHAT) program is an educational intervention with a public health framework. From 2001–2007, 215 categorical pediatric residents and 37 residents in the CHAT program were evaluated by using an annual survey of community pediatrics exposure, knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs. American Board of Pediatrics (ABP) examination passage rates for both groups were also examined, as was career choice after graduation. Results While interns in both the categorical and CHAT programs scored similarly on attitudes, beliefs, skills, and knowledge of community pediatrics, the postgraduate level-3 (PL-3) year CHAT residents scored higher in attitudes (P < .001) and skills (P < .05). Exposure to both didactic (P < .05) and practical (P < .001) community pediatrics curricular experiences were higher for CHAT residents than for categorical residents. No significant differences between ABP examination scores were found for the 2 groups, although 100% of CHAT graduates passed on the first try compared to 91% of categorical graduates during this time period. A greater percentage of CHAT graduates (82%) than categorical graduates (53%) reported pursuing careers in primary care. Conclusion With a public health approach to residency education, residents gain the knowledge, attitudes, and skills to address child health problems from a population perspective. Participation in such a curriculum still resulted in high passage rates on the ABP examination.

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