Evaluating the Beijing Version of Montreal Cognitive Assessment for Identification of Cognitive Impairment in Monolingual Chinese American Older Adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 089198872110361
Author(s):  
Yue Hong ◽  
Xiaoyi Zeng ◽  
Carolyn W. Zhu ◽  
Judith Neugroschl ◽  
Amy Aloysi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Chinese Version ◽  
Montreal Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Optimal Cutoff ◽  
Cutoff Scores ◽  
Normal Cognition ◽  
The U.S

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the performance of a Chinese version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) as a screener to detect mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia from normal cognition in the monolingual Chinese-speaking immigrant population. Method: A cohort of 176 Chinese-speaking older adults from the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center Uniform Data Set is used for analysis. We explore the impact of demographic variables on MoCA performance and calculate the optimal cutoffs for the detection of MCI and dementia from normal cognition with appropriate demographic adjustment. Results: MoCA performance is predicted by age and education independent of clinical diagnoses, but not by sex, years of living in the U.S., or primary Chinese dialect spoken (i.e., Mandarin vs. Cantonese). With adjustment and stratification for education and age, we identify optimal cutoff scores to detect MCI and dementia, respectively, in this population. These optimal cutoff scores are different from the established scores for non-Chinese-speaking populations residing in the U.S. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the Chinese version of MoCA is a valid screener to detect cognitive decline in older Chinese-speaking immigrants in the U.S. They also highlight the need for population-based cutoff scores with appropriate considerations for demographic variables.

Effect of Brain Training Game on Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) in Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 2272-2275
Author(s):  
Hafsah Arshad ◽  
Kinza Anwar ◽  
Hafsah Gul Khattak ◽  
Imran Amjad ◽  
Yaser Majeed
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Montreal Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Brain Training ◽  
Neurocognitive Functions

Aim: To determine effects of Kinect- based games on neurocognitive functions in older adults with mild cognitive impairment. Methodology: A quasi experimental pre-post trail was conducted on 18 mild cognitive impairment (MCI) older adults. The subjects were recruited to access cognitive impairment through purposive sampling technique. The inclusion criteria were elderly aged ≥ 50 years, both genders, able to read and write, whereas older adults with severe cognitive impairments, neurological disorders and un controlled comorbidities were excluded. Brain training was provided for 30 minutes with 5-minute warm-up time and 5-minute cool-down time for 6 weeks. Blind assessor measured readings at baseline and after six weeks. The outcome measures were Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA), Trail making test A & B and verbal fluency test (Semantic &Phonemic). The data was analyzed at baseline and after six weeks of intervention Results: Significant improvements were observed in post-test measurements (p <0.05) in MMSE, MoCA, TMT A & B and verbal fluency (Semantic &Phonemic) tests after 6 weeks of treatment. Conclusion: Kinect-based virtual reality games are beneficial in improving cognitive abilities of older adults with mild cognitive impairment. Keywords: Cognitive training, Mild cognitive impairment, Montreal Cognitive Assessment

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CLOCK DRAWING AND COGNITION IN PARKINSON'S

2015 ◽  
Vol 86 (11) ◽  
pp. e4.82-e4
Author(s):  
Jeremy Cosgrove ◽  
Stuart Jamieson ◽  
Stephen Smith ◽  
Jane Alty
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Montreal Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Visuospatial Ability ◽  
Clock Drawing ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Normal Cognition

IntroductionClock drawing (CD) requires executive function, attention and visuospatial ability. Our objective was to investigate CD in Parkinson's subjects with and without cognitive impairment.Methods107 subjects completed the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), classifying into normal cognition (PD-NC – MoCA ≥26) and cognitive impairment (PD-CI–MoCA <26). CD was scored using MoCA criteria; a maximum of 3 points, one each for correct contour, clock face and clock hands.ResultsPD-CI (n=57) and PD-NC were matched for all demographics except age (PD-CI were older, P 0.032). 35% of PD-CI scored full marks compared to 90% of PD-NC (sensitivity 0.64, specificity 0.9, age adjusted-odds ratio for predicting PD-CI 15.63, 95% CI 5.18 – 47.62, P<0.001). 88% of PD-CI scored points for contour and 60% scored points for clock face. In contrast, all PD-NC scored points for contour and clock face (P <0.001). 42% of PD-CI and 90% of PD-NC correctly drew clock hands (P<0.001).ConclusionsIn this cohort, inability to score maximum points for CD was associated with PD-CI. Correctly drawing clock hands was the hardest component for both groups. Incorrect contour or clock face was highly specific for PD-CI.

Normative Data for the Montreal Cognitive Assessment in Greek Older Adults With Subjective Cognitive Decline, Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 265-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleni Poptsi ◽  
Despina Moraitou ◽  
Marina Eleftheriou ◽  
Fotini Kounti-Zafeiropoulou ◽  
Chrysa Papasozomenou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Normative Data ◽  
Montreal Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Subjective Cognitive Decline ◽  
High Educational Level ◽  
Cutoff Score ◽  
High Educational

Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is among the most commonly used screening tools worldwide. Objective: The aim of the study was to provide normative data for the MoCA in a Greek cohort of people older than 60 years who meet criteria for subjective cognitive decline (SCD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), or dementia in order to optimize cutoff scores for each diagnostic group. Method: Seven hundred forty-six community-dwelling older adults, visitors of the Day Center of Alzheimer Hellas were randomly chosen. Three hundred seventy-nine of them met the criteria for dementia, 245 for MCI and 122 for SCD. Results: Initial statistical analyses showed that the total MoCA score is not affected by gender ( P = .164), or age ( P = .144) but is affected by educational level ( P < .001). A cutoff score of 23 for low educational level (≤6 years) can distinguish people with SCD from MCI (sensitivity 71.4%, specificity 84.2%), while 26 is the cutoff score for middle educational level (7-12 years; sensitivity 73.2%, specificity 67.0%) and high educational level (≥13 years; sensitivity 77.6%, specificity 74.7%). Montreal Cognitive Assessment can discriminate older adults with SCD from dementia, with a cutoff score of 20 for low educational level (sensitivity 100%, specificity 92.3%) and a cutoff score 23 for middle educational level (sensitivity 97.6%, specificity 92.7%) and high educational level (sensitivity 98.5%, specificity 100%). Conclusion: Montreal Cognitive Assessment is not affected by age or gender but is affected by the educational level. The discriminant potential of MoCA between SCD and MCI is good, while the discrimination of SCD from dementia is excellent.

scholarly journals Linking the Scores of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment 5-min and the interRAI Cognitive Performance Scale in Older Adults With Mild Physical or Cognitive Impairment

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Björn Andersson ◽  
Hao Luo ◽  
Gloria H. Y. Wong ◽  
Terry Y. S. Lum
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Montreal Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Cognitive Performance Scale ◽  
Mild Impairment ◽  
Performance Scale

Background: Bridging scores generated from different cognitive assessment tools is necessary to efficiently track changes in cognition across the continuum of care. This study linked scores from the Montreal Cognitive Assessment-5 min (MoCA 5-min) to the interRAI cognitive Performance Scale (CPS), commonly adopted tools in clinical and long-term care settings, respectively.Methods: We included individual-level data from persons who participated in a home- and community-based care program for older people with mild impairment in Hong Kong. The program used the interRAI-Check Up instrument for needs assessment and service matching between 2017 and 2020. Each participant's cognitive performance was assessed using CPS, CPS Version 2 (CPS2), and MoCA 5-min. We performed equipercentile linking with bivariate log-linear smoothing to establish equivalent scores between the two scales.Results: 3,543 participants had valid data on both scales; 66% were female and their average age was 78.9 years (SD = 8.2). The mean scores for MoCA 5-min, CPS, and CPS2 were 18.5 (SD = 5.9), 0.7 (SD = 0.7), and 1.3 (SD = 1.1), respectively. A CPS or CPS2 score of 0 (intact cognition) corresponds to MoCA 5-min scores of 24 and 25, respectively. At the higher end, a CPS score of 3 (moderately impaired) and a CPS2 score of 5 (moderately impaired Level-2) corresponded to MoCA 5-min scores of 0 and 1, respectively. The linking functions revealed the floor and ceiling effects that exist for the different scales, with CPS and CPS2 measuring more-severe cognitive impairment while the MoCA 5-min was better suited to measure mild impairment.Conclusions: We provided score conversions between MoCA 5-min and CPS/CPS2 within a large cohort of Hong Kong older adults with mild physical or cognitive impairment. This enabled continuity in repeated assessment with different tools and improved comparability of cognitive scores generated from different tools from diverse populations and research cohorts.

The Relationship between Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scores in Older Adults

Gerontology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 440-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen W. Farrell ◽  
Aidin R. Abramowitz ◽  
Benjamin L. Willis ◽  
Carolyn E. Barlow ◽  
Myron Weiner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Montreal Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Categorical Variable ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Relatively little is known regarding the association between objective measures of physical function such as cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and cognitive function tests in healthy older adults. Objective: To evaluate the relationship between CRF and cognitive function in adults aged 55 and older. Methods: Between 2008 and 2017, 4,931 men and women underwent a comprehensive preventive physical exam at the Cooper Clinic in Dallas, Texas. CRF was determined by duration of a maximal treadmill exercise test. Cognitive function was evaluated with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). In a multivariate model, adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals for MoCA scores < 26 (i.e., cognitive impairment) were determined by using CRF as both a continuous and a categorical variable. Results: The mean age of the sample was 61.0 ± 6.0 years; mean maximal MET values were 10.0 ± 2.2. Mean MoCA scores were 26.9 ± 2.2; 23.4% of the sample had MoCA scores indicative of cognitive impairment. The odds ratio for cognitive impairment was 0.93 (0.88–0.97) per 1-MET increment in CRF. When examined as a categorical variable, and using the lowest CRF quintile as the referent, there was a significantly reduced likelihood for cognitive impairment across the remaining ordered CRF categories (p trend = 0.004). Conclusion: The association between CRF and MoCA score in older adults suggests that meeting or exceeding public health guidelines for physical activity is likely to increase CRF in low fit individuals, maintain CRF in those with a moderate to high level of CRF, and thereby help to maintain cognitive function in healthy older adults.

scholarly journals Incremental Validity of Montreal Cognitive Assessment Index Scores in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer Disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 49-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felicia C. Goldstein ◽  
Aaron Milloy ◽  
David W. Loring ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Alzheimer Disease ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Incremental Validity ◽  
Montreal Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Assessment Index ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Normal Cognition

Background/Aims: The aim of this paper was to evaluate the incremental validity of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) index scores and the MoCA total score in differentiating individuals with normal cognition versus mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or Alzheimer disease (AD). Methods: Effect sizes were calculated for Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative research participants with normal cognition (n = 295), MCI (n = 471), or AD (n = 150). Results: Effect sizes for the total score were large (> 0.80) and exceeded the index scores in differentiating those with MCI versus normal cognition, MCI versus AD, and AD versus normal cognition. A combined score incorporating the Memory, Executive, and Orientation indexes also improved incremental validity for all 3 group comparisons. Conclusion: Administration of the entire MoCA is more informative than the index scores, especially in distinguishing normal cognition versus MCI. A combined score has stronger incremental validity than the individual index scores.

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