Nuclear Medicine Techniques for the Detection of Active Alveolar Bone Loss

1987 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.K. Jeffcoat ◽  
R.C. Williams ◽  
M.L. Kaplan ◽  
P. Goldhaber
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Single Measurement ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Severe Periodontal Disease ◽  
Uptake Measurement ◽  
Rate Of Bone Loss

The use of bone-seeking radiopharmaceutical uptake (BSRU) as an indicator of periodontal disease activity was assessed in untreated beagles with naturally occurring periodontal disease, and in beagles treated with the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, flurbiprofen. In untreated beagles, a single uptake measurement was indicative of the rate of bone loss subsequently determined by sequential radiographs. Beagles treated with flurbiprofen demonstrated a significant decrease in rate of bone loss and a corresponding decrease in BSRU. Transfer of this technology to untreated human subjects with moderate to severe periodontal disease also showed a positive correlation between a single measurement of BSRU and the rate of bone loss determined from sequential radiographs. Analysis of these data shows that a single BSRU examination may be indicative of periodontal disease activity.

scholarly journals Use of Salivary Biomarkers for Diagnosis of Periodontal Disease Activity: A Literature Review

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 250-255
Author(s):  
Mateus Rodrigues Tonetto ◽  
Shelon Cristina Souza Pinto ◽  
Fernanda Regina Godoy Rocha ◽  
Eduardo Mariscal Munoz ◽  
Jose Eduardo Cesar Sampaio
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Alveolar Bone Loss ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Salivary Biomarkers ◽  
Microbial Biomarkers

ABSTRACT Periodontal disease is an infectious disease characterized by the connective tissue destruction and consequent alveolar bone loss in response to plaque accumulation on the tooth surface. The clinical diagnosis of periodontal disease is based both on clinical examination involving the evaluation of probing depth and radiographic examination of alveolar bone loss but these examinations are not enough to determine the activity of the disease process. For that reason, it has been proposed to seek predictive disease markers in an attempt to assess the disease activity and so, evaluate the efficacy of the periodontal disease treatment. The aim of this review is to present recent advances in the development of proteomic, genomics and microbial biomarkers and potential clinical applications. It was concluded that periodontal treatment based on assessing the levels of salivary biomarkers emerges as a promising method in near future and will become an integral part of the evaluation of periodontal health. How to cite this article Rocha FRG, de Molon RS, Tonetto MR, Souza Pinto SC, Munoz EM, Sampaio JEC. Use of Salivary Biomarkers for Diagnosis of Periodontal Disease Activity: A Literature Review. World J Dent 2013;4(4):250-255.

scholarly journals Periodontal disease defects and mandibular cortical index in lupus patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 506-512
Author(s):  
Vagner Braga ◽  
Lucas Morita ◽  
Luciana Munhoz ◽  
Silvia Lourenço ◽  
Emiko Arita
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Panoramic Radiographs ◽  
Cortical Index ◽  
Multiple Organs ◽  
Mandibular Cortical Index

Objective:Systemic lupus erythematosus is an autoimmune disease that affects multiple organs. It is well known that lupus patients have higher risk of osteoporosis, but if the disease affects mandibular cortical bone and alveolar bone is not fully established. The objective of this study was to evaluate periodontal disease defects and mandibular osteoporotic alterations in patients with lupus as compared to healthy patients using panoramic radiographs.Material and Methods:The panoramic radiographs of 72 patients with lupus and 360 healthy patients were evaluated for the presence of bone loss secondary to periodontal disease, classified as horizontal and vertical bone loss. We also assessed mandibular osteoporotic alterations by using the mandibular cortical index. Logistic regression analysis was applied to estimate the risk of mandibular osteoporotic alterations as well as horizontal and vertical bone loss in patients with lupus as compared to healthy patients.Results:There were no statistically significant differences between groups in the presence of horizontal bone defects and mandibular cortical indexes. However, patients with lupus demonstrated that patients with lupus were 2.17 more likely to present vertical bone loss than healthy patients.Conclusions:Patients with lupus might have higher risk of vertical bone loss than healthy patients due to pathophysiology of their disease. Further larger prospective studies should be performed to confirm our findings.

scholarly journals Telmisartan Prevents Alveolar Bone Loss by Decreasing the Expression of Osteoclasts Markers in Hypertensive Rats With Periodontal Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Gustavo Balera Brito ◽  
Mariana Sousa Patrocinio ◽  
Maria Carolina Linjardi de Sousa ◽  
Ayná Emanuelli Alves Barreto ◽  
Sabrina Cruz Tfaile Frasnelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Alveolar Bone Loss ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Bone Formation Markers ◽  
Tnf Α

Periodontal disease (PD) is a prevalent inflammatory disease with the most severe consequence being the loss of the alveolar bone and teeth. We therefore aimed to evaluate the effects of telmisartan (TELM), an angiotensin II type 1 receptor (Agtr1) antagonist, on the PD-induced alveolar bone loss, in Wistar (W) and Spontaneous Hypertensive Rats (SHRs). PD was induced by ligating the lower first molars with silk, and 10 mg/kg TELM was concomitantly administered for 15 days. The hemimandibles were subjected to microtomography, ELISA was used for detecting tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), CXCL3, and CCL2, while qRT-PCR was used for analyzing expression of components of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) (Agt, Ace, Agt1r, Agt2r, Ace2, and Masr), and bone markers (Runx2, Osx, Catnb, Alp, Col1a1, Opn, Ocn, Bsp, Bmp2, Trap, Rank, Rankl, CtsK, Mmp-2, Mmp-9, and osteoclast-associated receptor (Oscar)). The SHR + PD group showed greater alveolar bone loss than the W + PD group, what was significantly inhibited by treatment with TELM, especially in the SHR group. Additionally, TELM reduced the production of TNF-α, IL-1β, and CXCL3 in the SHR group. The expression of Agt increased in the groups with PD, while Agtr2 reduced, and TELM reduced the expression of Agtr1 and increased the expression of Agtr2, in W and SHRs. PD did not induce major changes in the expression of bone formation markers, except for the expression of Alp, which decreased in the PD groups. The bone resorption markers expression, Mmp9, Ctsk, and Vtn, was higher in the SHR + PD group, compared to the respective control and W + PD group. However, TELM attenuated these changes and increased the expression of Runx2 and Alp. Our study suggested that TELM has a protective effect on the progression of PD, especially in hypertensive animals, as evaluated by the resorption of the lower alveolar bone. This can be partly explained by the modulation in the expression of Angiotensin II receptors (AT1R and AT2R), reduced production of inflammatory mediators, the reduced expression of resorption markers, and the increased expression of the bone formation markers.

scholarly journals Does systemic oral administration of curcumin effectively reduce alveolar bone loss associated with periodontal disease? A systematic review and meta-analysis of preclinical in vivo studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 ◽  
pp. 104226
Author(s):  
Juliana Simeão Borges ◽  
Luiz Renato Paranhos ◽  
Gabriela Leite de Souza ◽  
Felipe de Souza Matos ◽  
Ítalo de Macedo Bernardino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Alveolar Bone Loss ◽  
In Vivo Studies

Periodontal Disease Morbidity Quantification. II. Validation of Alveolar Bone Loss Measurements and Vertical Defect Diagnosis From Digital Bite-Wing Images

1990 ◽  
Vol 61 (10) ◽  
pp. 623-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles F. Hildebolt ◽  
Michael W. Vannier ◽  
Michael K. Shrout,‡ ◽  
Thomas K. Pilgram ◽  
Michael Province ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Alveolar Bone Loss ◽  
Defect Diagnosis

Alpha 2-macroglobulin in gingival fluid: correlation with alveolar bone loss in periodontal disease

1986 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 833-836 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uroš Skalerič ◽  
Peter Zajšek ◽  
Erika Cvetko ◽  
Tamara Lah ◽  
Joža Babnik
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Alveolar Bone Loss ◽  
Gingival Fluid

scholarly journals Effects of Colocasia antiquorum var. Esculenta Extract In Vitro and In Vivo against Periodontal Disease

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (10) ◽  
pp. 1054
Author(s):  
Seong-Hee Moon ◽  
Seong-Jin Shin ◽  
Hyun-Jin Tae ◽  
Seung-Han Oh ◽  
Ji-Myung Bae
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Alveolar Bone Loss ◽  
Oral Microbiome ◽  
Control Group

Background and Objectives: Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory disease in which gradual destruction of tissues around teeth is caused by plaque formed by pathogenic bacteria. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential of 75% ethanol extract of Colocasia antiquorum var. esculenta (CA) as a prophylactic and improvement agent for periodontal disease in vitro and in vivo. Materials and Methods: The antimicrobial efficacy of CA against Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis, ATCC 33277) was evaluated using minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) test, and cytotoxicity was confirmed by CCK-8 assay. For the in vivo study, P. gingivalis was applied by oral gavage to BALB/c mice. Forty-two days after the first inoculation of P. gingivalis, intraoral swabs were taken for microbiome analysis, and the mice were sacrificed to evaluate the alveolar bone loss. Results: The MIC of CA against P. gingivalis was 31.3 μg/mL, the MBC was 62.5 μg/mL, with no cytotoxicity. The diversity of the oral microbiome decreased in the positive control group, while those of the VA (varnish) and VCA (varnish added with CA) groups increased as much as in the negative control group, although the alveolar bone loss was not induced in the mouse model. Conclusions: CA showed antibacterial effects in vitro, and the VA and VCA groups exhibited increased diversity in the oral microbiome, suggesting that CA has potential for improving periodontal disease.

scholarly journals Annually and Cumulative Radiographic Alveolar Bone Loss Rates using Digital Scanning Image for the Periodontal Disease Groups before and after Periodontal Treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
Guey-Lin Hou
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Loss Rate ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Aggressive Periodontitis ◽  
Alveolar Bone Loss ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Digital Scanning ◽  
Bone Gain

The aim of the present study was to assess the cumulative radiographic alveolar bone loss (CRABL) and yearly radiographic periodontal attachment loss (YRABL) of periodontal disease groups over 5 years or more. A total of 53 subjects, who had taken two sets of full-mouth standardized paralleling radiographs with separated periods of 5 years or more in Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital during 1981-2001, were collected for the past 20 years. The radiographic alveolar bone levels at mesial and distal aspects of teeth were assessed by measuring the distance between cemento-enamel junction and alveolar bone crest using an electronic digimatic caliper (EDC) under a 3.5X magnified radiographs. The results revealed that 1) patients with a periodic recall (3-4 times/yr.) showed a significantly lower loss rate than patients without periodic recalls; 2) mean CRPAL was highest in the generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAgP) group (5.52±3.27mm), then the chronic periodontitis (CP) group (4.82±3.47mm), and the localized aggressive periodontitis (LAgP) group (4.47±3.47mm) followed, and lowest in the periodontal healthy (PH) group (1.05±0.59mm); 3) mean YRPAL was the highest in the LAgP group (0.26±0.25mm/yr.), then the GAgP group (0.20±0.13 mm/yr.), and the CP group (0.12±0.09 mm/yr.) followed, and lowest in the periodontal healthy group (0.07±0.06 mm/yr.). It was concluded that: 1) sites with more advanced alveolar bone loss are more likely to undergo further breakdown; 2) patients with a periodic recall showed a significantly lower alveolar bone loss rate and bone gain, irrespective disease groups; 3) mean CPBLs was highest in the GAgP group; mean YRABLs was highest in the LAgP.

scholarly journals Nisin Probiotic Prevents Periodontal Disease and Inflammation while Promoting Periodontal Regeneration and a Shift Toward a Healthy Microbiome/Virome

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvonne Kapila ◽  
Li Gao ◽  
Ryutaro Kuraji ◽  
Martin Jinye Zhang ◽  
April Martinez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Lactococcus Lactis ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Periodontal Regeneration ◽  
Oral Microbiome ◽  
Oral Disease ◽  
Periodontal Ligament Cells ◽  
Probiotic Treatment

Abstract BackgroundDysbiosis of the oral microbiome mediates chronic periodontal disease, including its characteristic bone loss and host inflammatory response. Realignment of this microbial dysbiosis towards health may prevent disease. Treatment with antibiotics and probiotics can modulate the microbial, immunological, and clinical landscape of periodontal disease with some success. Antibacterial peptides or bacteriocins, such as nisin, and nisin-producing probiotics, Lactococcus lactis, have not been examined in this context, yet warrant further examination because of their biomedical benefits in eradicating biofilms and oral pathogenic bacteria, and modulation of immune mechanisms. The goal of this study was to examine the potential for nisin and a nisin-producing probiotic to abrogate periodontal bone loss and related inflammatory landscape while modulating the composition of the oral microbiome. ResultsA polymicrobial mouse model of periodontal disease was employed for this purpose. In a disease context, nisin and the nisin-producing Lactococcus lactis probiotic significantly decreased the levels of periodontal pathogens, alveolar bone loss, oral inflammatory host response, and host-antibody response to these pathogens. Surprisingly, nisin and/or the nisin-producing L. lactis probiotic also enhanced the number of gingival fibroblasts, periodontal ligament cells, and bone lining cells in response to the polymicrobial infection. Nisin and probiotic treatment significantly shifted the oral bacteriome and virome towards the healthy control state. This shift was characterized by a unique signature; health was associated with a Proteobacteria (Marinobacter sp. B9-2), whereas 3 retroviruses (Golden Hamster Intracisternal A-particle H18, Bat gammaretrovirus, and Porcine type C oncovirus) were associated with disease. Specific disease-associated microbial species were highly correlated with IL-6 levels. ConclusionsNisin’s ability to shift the oral microbiome towards health, mitigate oral disease and the host immune response, and promote a novel regenerative periodontal phenotype, addresses key aspects of the pathogenesis of the disease. These benefits may negate the systemic effects associated with periodontal disease and reveal a new biomedical application for nisin in regenerative medicine.

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