scholarly journals Variegated Privatisation: Class, Capital Accumulation and State in Turkey’s Privatisation Process in the 1980s and 1990s

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-156
Author(s):  
Ahmet Zaifer
Keyword(s):  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Global Capital ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
Privatisation Process ◽  
Domestic Capital ◽  
External Pressures ◽  
State Apparatus ◽  
Alternative Approach

This article seeks to illustrate a problematic aspect of dominant-contemporary Marxian literature on privatisation: an overgeneralised explanation that shifting structural imperatives of contemporary capitalism, global powers and international financial institutions externally imposed privatisation downwards on all national-domestic political spaces. I suggest an alternative approach that emphasises the complex interplay of three internal factors – class agency, capital accumulation strategies, and state institutions – in mediating and shaping external pressures towards privatisation. Through a study of the Turkish privatisation process in the 1980s and 1990s, I illustrate that even though privatisation was thrust on Turkey by the structural dynamics, the World Bank, the IMF and global capital, its implementation has been contested inside and outside of the state apparatus by the Turkish power bloc (i.e. fractions of capital) within the constitutive context of the prevailing strategies of the domestic capital accumulation regime of Turkey at the time.

scholarly journals Global Capital, the State, and Chinese Workers: The Foxconn Experience

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pun Ngai ◽  
Jenny Chan
Keyword(s):  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Frontline Workers ◽  
Global Capital ◽  
Work Pressure ◽  
Collective Resistance ◽  
Chinese Workers ◽  
Technology Group ◽  
The One

In 2010, a startling 18 young migrant workers attempted suicide at Foxconn Technology Group production facilities in China. This article looks into the development of the Foxconn Corporation to understand the advent of capital expansion and its impact on frontline workers’ lives in China. It also provides an account of how the state facilitates Foxconn’s production expansion as a form of monopoly capital. Foxconn stands out as a new phenomenon of capital expansion because of the incomparable speed and scale of its capital accumulation in all regions of China. This article explores how the workers at Foxconn, the world’s largest electronics manufacturer, have been subjected to work pressure and desperation that might lead to suicides on the one hand but also open up daily and collective resistance on the other hand.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Faktor Internal dan Faktor Eksternal Terhadap Harga Saham Perusahaan Sektor Pertambangan di ISSI

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 200-213
Author(s):  
Kirana Arenggaraya ◽  
Tjetjep Djuwarsa
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Stock Prices ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Return On Assets ◽  
Mining Sector ◽  
Current Ratio ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
Internal And External Factors

This study was made to analyze the influence of both internal and external factors towards stock prices of mining sector companies listed on Indeks Saham Syariah Indonesia (ISSI). Internal factors that used are Return On Assets i(ROA) and Current Ratio (CR), and for the external factors are inflation and Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Stock prices used in this study is stock prices of mining sector companies that consistently listed in ISSI from December 2012 to May 2019. The sample consisted of 17 companies. All of the data were obtained from the official websites of Bursa Efek Indonesia, Bank Indonesia, and the World Bank. Data Panel Regression Analysis is used in this study, using Eviews 11. This study’s results are: partially ROA has a positive and significant influence on stock prices, while partially CR, inflation, and GDP has positive and insignificant influences on stock prices. Simultaneously ROA, CR, inflation, and GDP have a positive and significant influence on stock  prices.

Organizational unlearning: time to expand our horizons?

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 180-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Becker
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Factors ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Organizational Boundaries ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Critical Elements ◽  
External Pressures ◽  
Rapid Changes ◽  
Potential Factor ◽  
Potential Impact

Purpose Interest in the topic of unlearning has grown in recent years, fueled by rapid changes in the business environment and resultant organizational change. This change challenges individuals and organizations to unlearn past knowledge and practice to embrace new organizational realities. However, much of the unlearning literature focuses on either individual or organizational factors that enable or hinder unlearning. This paper aims to look beyond the organizational boundary to question whether there are tensions between professionals and the organizations in which they work that influence organizational unlearning. Design/methodology/approach This is a conceptual paper analyzing how professions are established to identify the implications for organizational unlearning. The critical elements of a profession are explored to identify the potential impact that professionals within the organization may have on organizational learning and unlearning. Findings The paper argues that to facilitate unlearning, organizations must recognize not only internal factors but also external pressures on individuals and groups. In particular, professions with a strong identity may represent a significant force that can either engender or resist attempts to learn and unlearn by the organization. Originality/value Within the existing unlearning literature, individual and organizational factors that facilitate or hinder unlearning have been widely canvased. However, little attention has been given to the factors beyond organizational boundaries that may also impact unlearning, particularly for individuals and groups with strong professional identities. This paper offers some unique insights into this potential factor for consideration by those seeking to enhance organizational unlearning.

INTERGENERATIONAL WELFARE AND TRADE

2005 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 585-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
EMILY T. CREMERS
Keyword(s):  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Welfare Effects ◽  
Dynamic Effects ◽  
Commodity Trade ◽  
Factor Endowments ◽  
Domestic Capital ◽  
Static Factor ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Intergenerational Welfare ◽  
Trade Partners

This paper examines the dynamic effects of international commodity trade by merging two benchmark environments, namely, the static factor endowments model and the neoclassical growth model. Two main questions are asked. First, how does commodity trade affect the capital-accumulation paths of two trade partners? Second, do the welfare effects associated with these dynamics serve to reinforce or mitigate the well-known welfare effects associated with the static factor endowments model? It is demonstrated that trade will eventually, if not immediately, narrow the difference in domestic capital accumulation paths. This narrowing introduces a negative welfare effect that is large enough to worsen overall welfare for the country whose capital accumulation has declined. Thus, although the dynamic effects of trade are large enough to dominate the static effects, they do not reinforce the concept of mutually advantageous trade.

scholarly journals PRZESTRZENNE ROZMIESZCZENIE SEKTORA ŚREDNICH PRZEDSIĘBIORSTW W WĘGIERSKIEJ HIERARCHII MIEJSKIEJ

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 71-81
Author(s):  
Réka Horeczki
Keyword(s):  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Hungarian Academy ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Competitive Strategies ◽  
Regional Competitiveness ◽  
Urban Hierarchy ◽  
Population Number ◽  
Urban Network ◽  
Domestic Capital

The present study investigates the spatial distribution of the medium-sized enterprise sector inthe Hungarian urban network. This tier of the enterprise network has been relatively neglected in comparison with large foreign-owned firms, but deserves a look due to its promising role in the regional development and development policy. Our previous research on medium-sized enterprises becomes particularly relevant when we consider that the dominant development model of post-socialist industry, based on the attraction of Foreign Direct Investment, is showing limits under the new economic crisis; and that the further increase in regional competitiveness necessitates stronger support for the development of domestic enterprises in both developed and underdeveloped regions. However, the development dilemmas of mid-sized enterprises have not been sufficiently considered in the previous decades, even though their position between larger (mostly foreign-owned) companies and small, capital-poor enterprises gives them significant development potential. Their contribution to domestic capital accumulation, ability to formulate independent competitive strategies, and the role in shaping the local or regional business environment deserves scrutiny. According to our preliminary assumption, the status of medium-sized enterprises in the urban hierarchy is shaped first and foremost by the population number of cities, since the proximity of human resources and markets is a significant locational factor for medium-sized manufacturing firms. The study gives an overview of the evolution of the number of medium-sized enterprises and the average number of their employees in Hungarian cities since 2000, based on data published by the Hungarian Academy of Sciences CERS Databank and the Central Statistical Office. Structured interviews were conducted to detect the disparities at the level of urban regions, with a particular emphasis on Baranya County and the City of Pécs. The results demonstrate that entrepreneurial traditions and entrepreneurial visions are evaluated as important locational advantages by domestically owned medium-sized enterprises.

scholarly journals Measuring to Improve Versus Measuring to Prove: Understanding the Adoption of Social Performance Measurement Practices in Nascent Social Enterprises

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saurabh Ajay Lall
Keyword(s):  
Performance Measurement ◽  
Social Performance ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
Social Sector ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
External Pressures ◽  
The Social ◽  
Dual Objectives ◽  
Measurement Practices

Social enterprises are described as organizations with dual objectives—social and commercial. While the measurement of commercial performance isrelatively straightforward and well understood, our understanding of the factorsrelated to measuring social performance is more ambiguous. Is the adoption ofsocial performance measurement (SPM) practices more related to external pressures, such as the need to demonstrate legitimacy to funders and peers, or is it more closely related to the growing rationalization within the social sector? We examine the relationship between external and internal factors and the adoption of SPM using a novel dataset of 1864 nascent social enterprises from around the world. Our findings suggest support for the argument that the adoption of SPM in socialenterprise is related to the growing rationalization of the social sector, whichchallenges some of the past research on this topic, and provides a more nuancedperspective of SPM in social enterprise.

scholarly journals 'IF YOU CAN WORK FROM ANYWHERE, WHY WORK ANYWHERE ELSE?': FLEXIBLE CITIZENSHIP, REGIMES OF MOBILITY, AND THE DISCOURSE OF DIGITAL NOMADISM

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Elizabeth Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Popular Press ◽  
Office Work ◽  
Remote Work ◽  
Global Capital ◽  
Central Resource ◽  
Citizenship Regimes ◽  
Traditional Structures

Digital nomadism is a term that has entered the cultural lexicon relatively recently to describe a lifestyle unbound from the traditional structures and constraints of office work (Makimoto and Manners, 1997; Cook, 2020; Thompson, 2018). This identity is organized around the digital technologies and infrastructures that make “remote work” possible, allowing digital nomads to claim “location independence” and granting them the freedom to travel while working (Nash et al., 2018). Largely employed as freelancers or as self-styled entrepreneurs, digital nomads assert their independence from the traditional strictures of work through the digital technologies they use at the same time that they remain “plugged in” to the infrastructures, economies, and lifeworlds of Silicon Valley (McElroy, 2019, p. 216). As such, the digital nomad represents a key site to examine privileged transnationalism and the enduring forms of coloniality that inform contemporary “regimes of mobility” (Hayes and Pérez-Gañán, 2017; Glick Schiller and Salazar, 2013, p. 189). This paper considers how discourses of digital nomadism have been constructed, circulated, and leveraged by governments offering “digital nomad visas,” “remote work visas,” or “freelancer visas” to examine how regimes of mobility have been imagined and enacted. Utilizing discourse analysis to examine popular press articles, Instagram posts from the official accounts of tourism boards, and governmental websites, I examine the ways digital nomadism was constructed during the COVID-19 pandemic and consider how this lifestyle has been formalized and institutionalized. I argue that mobility itself has become a central resource through which nations compete for global capital accumulation.

scholarly journals Racialized capitalism: An account of its contested origins and consolidation

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satnam Virdee
Keyword(s):  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Historical Materialism ◽  
Victorian Britain ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Scientific Approach ◽  
Emancipatory Politics ◽  
Class Struggles ◽  
Social Scientific ◽  
Historical Capitalism ◽  
Capitalist Rule

Undergirded by the perspective of historical materialism in dialogue with black Marxism and Marxist feminism, this article constructs an account demonstrating the significance of racism to the making of modernity. The analytic returns of unthinking Eurocentric sociologies in favour of a more unified historical social scientific approach include the unmasking of the intimate relationship between capitalism, class struggles and racism, particularly how capitalist rule advanced through a process of differentiation and hierarchical re-ordering of the global proletariat. From the 17th-century colonization of Virginia to Victorian Britain and beyond, racism formed an indispensable weapon in the armoury of the state elites, used to contain the class struggles waged by subaltern populations with a view to making the system safe for capital accumulation. Additionally, situating an account of racism within the unfolding story of historical capitalism as against the postcolonial tendency to locate it within the civilizational encounter between the West and the Rest helps make transparent the plurality of racisms, including the racialization of parts of the European proletariat. This explanation of the structuring force of racism and the differentiated ways in which the proletariat has been incorporated into capitalist relations of domination has important implications for emancipatory politics. A race-blind politics risks leaving untouched the injustices produced by historic and contemporaneous racisms. Instead, an alternative approach is proposed, one that invites movements to wilfully entangle demands for economic justice with anti-racism and thereby embrace and demystify the differences inscribed into the collective body of the proletariat by capitalism.

Extractivism and Labour Control: Reflections of Turkey’s ‘Coal Rush’ in Local Labour Regimes

2021 ◽  
pp. 089692052110462
Author(s):  
Coşku Çelik
Keyword(s):  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Community Dynamics ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Extractive Industries ◽  
Global Capital ◽  
Local Labour ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
State Capital ◽  
Workforce Composition

This study analyses labour processes and local labour control strategies in the extractive industries and regions as the reflections of state-capital-labour-nature relations. I argue that, for the analysis of labour control in extractive industries, there is a need to pay attention to (i) the significance of the natural resource for global capital accumulation processes and for the development policies of the state; (ii) the formation of the local labour market through proletarianization of rural population and other means of labour supply; (iii) the organization of work considering both natural limits (such as geological structure of the basin) and workforce composition; and (iv) the use of local political, institutional and community dynamics. Drawing upon the fieldwork carried out in Soma Coal Basin, this paper shows how Turkey’s coal rush shapes local labour control strategies.

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