Management of Type 2 Diabetes in the Geriatric Patient

2000 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 263-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Geriatric Patient ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
The Past

Type 2 diabetes is prevalent in the elderly population. In the past five years, there has been an increased number of drugs with unique mechanisms of action which have become available for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Recent studies have shown that attaining optimal glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes will prevent or delay the complications associated with this disease. This article will review the management of type 2 diabetes.

scholarly journals A Narrative Review on Sarcopenia in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Prevalence and Associated Factors

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 183
Author(s):  
Anna Izzo ◽  
Elena Massimino ◽  
Gabriele Riccardi ◽  
Giuseppe Della Pepa
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Macrovascular Complications ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Age Related

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) represents a major health burden for the elderly population, affecting approximately 25% of people over the age of 65 years. This percentage is expected to increase dramatically in the next decades in relation to the increased longevity of the population observed in recent years. Beyond microvascular and macrovascular complications, sarcopenia has been described as a new diabetes complication in the elderly population. Increasing attention has been paid by researchers and clinicians to this age-related condition—characterized by loss of skeletal muscle mass together with the loss of muscle power and function—in individuals with T2DM; this is due to the heavy impact that sarcopenia may have on physical and psychosocial health of diabetic patients, thus affecting their quality of life. The aim of this narrative review is to provide an update on: (1) the risk of sarcopenia in individuals with T2DM, and (2) its association with relevant features of patients with T2DM such as age, gender, body mass index, disease duration, glycemic control, presence of microvascular or macrovascular complications, nutritional status, and glucose-lowering drugs. From a clinical point of view, it is necessary to improve the ability of physicians and dietitians to recognize early sarcopenia and its risk factors in patients with T2DM in order to make appropriate therapeutic approaches able to prevent and treat this condition.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Depressive Symptoms in the Elderly Population Diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 3553
Author(s):  
Beata Dziedzic ◽  
Zofia Sienkiewicz ◽  
Anna Leńczuk-Gruba ◽  
Ewa Kobos ◽  
Wiesław Fidecki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Outpatient Clinic ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction: A sharp rise in the population of elderly people, who are more prone to somatic and mental diseases, combined with the high prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetes-associated complications in this age group, have an impact on the prevalence of depressive symptoms. Aim of the work: The work of the study was the evaluation of the prevalence of depressive symptoms in the elderly population diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Materials and methods: The pilot study was conducted in 2019 among 200 people diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus, aged 65 years and above, receiving treatment in a specialist diabetes outpatient clinic. The study was based on a questionnaire aimed at collecting basic sociodemographic and clinical data and the complete geriatric depression scale (GDS, by Yesavage) consisting of 30 questions. Results: The study involved 200 patients receiving treatment in a diabetes outpatient clinic. The mean age of the study subjects was 71.4 ± 5.0 years. The vast majority of the subjects (122; 61%) were women, with men accounting for 39% of the study population (78 subjects). A statistically significant difference in the GDS (p < 0.01) was shown for marital status, body mass index (BMI), duration of diabetes, and the number of comorbidities. Patients with results indicative of symptoms of mild and severe depression were found to have higher BMI, longer disease duration, and a greater number of comorbidities. There were no statistically significant differences in the level of HbA1c. Conclusions: In order to verify the presence of depressive symptoms in the group of geriatric patients with diabetes mellitus, an appropriate screening programme must be introduced to identify those at risk and refer them to specialists, so that treatment can be promptly initiated. Screening tests conducted by nurses might help with patient identification.

scholarly journals Predictors of poor glycemic control in adult with type 2 diabetes in South-Eastern Nigeria

1970 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 2819-2828
Author(s):  
Innocent Chidi Anioke ◽  
Azubike Nnamdi Ezedigboh ◽  
Ogechukwu Calista Dozie-Nwakile ◽  
Ikechukwu Johnpaul Chukwu ◽  
Peculiar Ngozi Kalu
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Poor Glycemic Control ◽  
Predictor Variables ◽  
Tight Control ◽  
Fasting Plasma

Background: The study investigated predictors of poor glycemic control in type 2 diabetes (T2DM).Methods: Data on demographics, anthropometric and clinical parameters were collected in a cross-section survey from 140 adults with T2DM, using standard tools/instruments. Glycated hemoglobin (A1C) was assessed as a measure of glycemic control. Results: Majority (83.3%) had poor glycemic control status of which about 95% constitute the elderly. The elderly (OR= 5.90, 95% Cl: 1.66-20.96) were more likely associated with poor glycemic control than the non-elderly (p = 0.006). Adjustment for significant predictor variables: Age, waist-hip ratio (WHR), Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and Systolic blood pressure (SBP), although attenuated the odds (OR= 5.00, 95% CI: 1.19-20.96) of poor glycemic control, it still remained significantly (p = 0.028) higher in the elderly. Patients outside tight FPG control significantly (p = 0.001) showed poor glycemic cotrol than those within tight FPG (OR= 17.39, 95%Cl: 5.83-51.90), even with attenuated OR (OR= 10.85, 95%Cl: 3.10-37.96) and (OR=12.08, 95%Cl: 3.64-40.09) when non- significant and significant predictor variables were accounted for, respectively.Conclusion: Age, WHR, FPG, and SBP were significantly associated with differences in glycemic control. The elderly and FPG outside tight control showed significantly increased odds of poor glycemic control status.Keywords: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; glycemic control status; A1C; Elderly; Fasting plasma glucose; glycemic control predictors.

Low serum omentin levels in the elderly population with Type 2 diabetes and polyneuropathy

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (11) ◽  
pp. 1479-1483 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Herder ◽  
B. W. C. Bongaerts ◽  
D. M. Ouwens ◽  
W. Rathmann ◽  
M. Heier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Low Serum

scholarly journals Mediterranean Diet and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Perpetual Inspiration for the Scientific World. A Review

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1307
Author(s):  
Tatjana Milenkovic ◽  
Nadica Bozhinovska ◽  
Djuro Macut ◽  
Jelica Bjekic-Macut ◽  
Dario Rahelic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Mediterranean

For the past 80 years, the effect of the Mediterranean diet on overall health has been a constant topic of interest among medical and scientific researchers. Parallel with the persistent global rise of cases of type 2 diabetes, many studies conducted in the past 20 years have shown the benefits of the Mediterranean lifestyle for people with, or at risk of developing, type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, despite the large body of evidence, concerns exist amongst scientists regarding the reliability of the data related to this topic. This review offers a glimpse of the onset of the Mediterranean diet and follows its significant impact on the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes. There is a constant rise in type 2 diabetes cases on the Balkan Peninsula and North Macedonia in particular. Having in mind that North Macedonia, as well as most of the countries on the Balkans have low to middle income, there is a need for a certain affordable dietary pattern to ameliorate the rise in diabetes incidence, as well as improve the glycemic control. We did a review based on the available literature regarding Mediterranean diet and people with or at risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus, its effects on glycemic control, lipid profile and metabolic outcome.

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Treatment Patterns and Healthcare Costs in the Elderly Population

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary Erwin ◽  
Shrividya Iyer ◽  
Rukmini Rajagopalan ◽  
James Astuto ◽  
Patricia Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Healthcare Costs ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Treatment Patterns ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Treatment

scholarly journals Localized Subcutaneous Insulin-Derived Amyloidosis Excised after Evaluation Using Ultrasonography in a Patient with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seiya Hagiwara ◽  
Shinji Taneda ◽  
Takaya Fukumoto ◽  
Kazuya Hagiwara ◽  
Minoru Kikuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Amyloid Deposition ◽  
The Past ◽  
Noninvasive Imaging Modality ◽  
Subcutaneous Mass

A 62-year-old man with type 2 diabetes mellitus, who had been on insulin therapy for the past 20 years, was found to have subcutaneous mass formation in the abdomen during a workup of worsened glycemic control. Because of suspected amyloid deposition, he was advised to avoid injections to the mass, which led to improvement of glycemic control. However, he strongly requested mass excision and was hospitalized. After evaluation using ultrasonography and computed tomography, a total mass excision was performed, and a diagnosis of insulin-derived amyloidosis was made. Comparison of the ultrasonographic and histopathological findings demonstrated that the location of the amyloid deposition nearly corresponded to the hypoechoic region. This case highlights that ultrasonography, which is a noninvasive imaging modality, can be useful for detection of insulin-derived amyloidosis.

scholarly journals Present and Prospective Pharmacotherapy for the Management of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. CMT.S2109
Author(s):  
Leonor Corsino ◽  
Mary Elizabeth Cox ◽  
Jennifer Rowell ◽  
Jennifer B. Green
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Chronic Condition ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Glucose Lowering ◽  
Prevention Of Diabetes ◽  
Near Future

Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic condition prevalent worldwide. Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes, comprising 90% to 95% of all cases. Over the last few decades, the importance of glycemic control and its impact on prevention of diabetes-related complications has been documented in multiple clinical trials. As most patients with type 2 diabetes will require pharmacologic intervention to achieve and maintain appropriate glycemic control, new medications targeting different aspects of the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes have been a significant focus of research and development. During the last decade, multiple new medications for diabetes management have become available: these medications have novel mechanisms of action, differences in effectiveness, and varying side effect profiles which will be reviewed in this article. Some of these newer medications, such as the GLP-1 analogues and DPP-4 inhibitors, have become widely accepted as therapeutic options for the management of type 2 diabetes. Additional classes of glucose-lowering medications are expected to become available in the near future. This manuscript will summarize available data regarding these newer and prospective medications for the management of type 2 diabetes.

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