Healthy Aging in the Context of Educational Disadvantage: The Role of “Ordinary Magic”

Objective: The objective of this study is to examine the correlates of healthy aging in the context of educational disadvantage and the extent to which identified correlates are shared with the wider, more educationally advantaged population. Method: Data are from the 2012 Health and Retirement Study. The analytic sample included 17,484 self-respondents ≥50 years of age. Educational disadvantage was defined as having less than a high school diploma. Using logistic regression, healthy aging was regressed on demographic, early-life, and health-related factors by educational status. Results: Among educationally disadvantaged adults, demographic characteristics (e.g., age), health practices (e.g., physical activity), and the presence of health conditions were independently correlated with healthy aging. With few exceptions, correlates of healthy aging were similar among educationally advantaged and disadvantaged adults. Discussion: Ordinary factors are associated with healthy aging among adults without a high school diploma, suggesting that healthy aging is possible for larger numbers of adults aging in the context of educational disadvantage.

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What drives beliefs in COVID-19 conspiracy theories? The role of psychotic-like experiences and confinement-related factors

10.31234/osf.io/2mjye ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Simão Pedro Rodrigues Ferreira ◽

Carlos Campos ◽

Beatriz Monteiro Marinho ◽

Susana Rocha ◽

Eduardo Fonseca-Pedrero ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Global Economy ◽

Affective States ◽

Related Factors ◽

Conspiracy Theories ◽

Effective Dissemination ◽

Wide Range ◽

Education Levels ◽

Health Related ◽

Conspiracy Beliefs

The COVID-19 pandemic is a worldwide threat to public health and the global economy. The climate of fear and uncertainty associated with the pandemic has fostered the emergence of a wide-range of COVID-19 conspiracy theories that has the potential do shape public opinion and hinder the effective dissemination of valid information. Beliefs in conspiracy theories has been associated with maladaptive personality traits such as schizotypy and paranoia, as well as other non-psychotic psychological characteristics (e.g., social isolation, stress). The current study aimed to examine the association between beliefs in COVID-19 conspiracy theories and psychotic-like experiences within the community, while also addressing the role of sociodemographic information, psychological outcomes (e.g., stress, affective states) and other pandemic-related factors (e.g., confinement conditions/behaviors). Our results suggest that psychotic-like experiences are associated with beliefs in COVID-19 conspiracy theories, particularly perceptual abnormalities and persecutory ideation. Moreover, increased health-related concerns and reduced education levels also seem to be liability factors for these conspiracy beliefs. These results add important insights into how the adherence to illogical and erroneous disease-related arguments may be contingent to proneness to psychotic-like experiences. COVID-19 conspiracy theories are yet another major challenge that governments and policy makers must contemplate when defining strategic directions to manage the current and future pandemics.

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Association Between Dating Violence and Behavioral and Health Outcomes Among Early Adolescents From Denmark: The Role of Exposure to Childhood Maltreatment

Violence and Victims ◽

10.1891/vv-d-18-00147 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 35 (5) ◽

pp. 690-711

Author(s):

Sidsel Karsberg ◽

Ruby Charak ◽

Ask Elklit

Keyword(s):

Child Maltreatment ◽

Dating Violence ◽

Childhood Maltreatment ◽

Unique Contribution ◽

Adolescent Dating Violence ◽

Related Factors ◽

Health Related ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship

AimTo examine the unique contribution of child maltreatment victimization on the association between adolescent dating violence (ADV) and four negative behavioral and health-related factors.MethodIn total, 2,934 7th grade students (M = 13.5, SD = .5) filled out questionnaires at school. Binominal logistic regression was performed to assess the impact of child maltreatment on the relationship between ADV and behavioral and health-related factors.ResultsAfter child maltreatment was taken into account, associations between ADV and the negative behavioral and health-related factors became weaker.ConclusionsThe findings from the present study suggest that focusing on one victimization type (such as ADV) when examining psychological outcomes, can be problematic as the causal relationship may be misrepresented when an adolescent's broader victimization profile and context is not considered.

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Exposure to Adverse Social Behavior in the Workplace and Sickness Presenteeism among Korean Workers: The Mediating Effects of Musculoskeletal Disorders

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph15102198 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (10) ◽

pp. 2198 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Sookja Choi ◽

Yunjeong Yi ◽

Jiyun Kim

Keyword(s):

Social Behavior ◽

Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Working Environment ◽

Related Factors ◽

Sickness Presenteeism ◽

Work Related ◽

Mediating Role ◽

Health Related

Adverse social behavior (ASB) by colleagues or superiors in the workplace is considered highly stressful for workers in South Korea. The authors investigate the mechanism by which ASB reduces productivity (measured in terms of sickness presenteeism (SP)), by examining the potential mediating role of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). All data are derived from the fourth Korean Working Conditions Survey, which investigated a representative sample of the working population. The authors analyze their general characteristics (age, gender, income, and education), work-related factors (job type, occupational ergonomic risk, job resource, employment contract, work schedule, working hour, and job demand), and health-related factors (self-rated health and MSDs). The authors use a two-step regression analysis to estimate the direct effect of ASB on SP and the indirect effect of SP via MSDs. The authors find that MSDs mediate 16.7% of the total effect of ASB on SP. When employment type and job conditions are considered, the role of the mediating variable in the group with a permanent contract, no shift or night work, and high working time is greater than the counterpart of each variable. Various strategies are needed to address MSDs according to the working environment, which might help limit the negative impact of ASB on SP.

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The Role of Self-Regulation in Academic and Behavioral Paths to a High School Diploma

Journal of Developmental and Life-Course Criminology ◽

10.1007/s40865-017-0066-5 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 304-325 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Christopher Cambron ◽

Rick Kosterman ◽

Richard F. Catalano ◽

Katarina Guttmannova ◽

Todd I. Herrenkohl ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High School ◽

Self Regulation ◽

High School Diploma

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The role of health and non-health-related factors in repeat emergency department visits in an elderly urban population

Emergency Medicine Journal ◽

10.1136/emj.2009.077917 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 27 (9) ◽

pp. 683-687 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

C. Naughton ◽

J. Drennan ◽

P. Treacy ◽

G. Fealy ◽

M. Kilkenny ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Emergency Department ◽

Urban Population ◽

Emergency Department Visits ◽

Related Factors ◽

Health Related

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Diet Quality and Sociodemographic, Lifestyle, and Health-Related Determinants among People with Depression in Spain: New Evidence from a Cross-Sectional Population-Based Study (2011–2017)

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13010106 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 106

Author(s):

Jesús Cebrino ◽

Silvia Portero de la Cruz

Keyword(s):

Diet Quality ◽

Research Area ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Related Factors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Health Related ◽

European Health ◽

New Evidence

The role of diet quality in depression is an emerging research area and it appears that diet quality could be an important modifying factor. The aims of this study were to report the prevalence of diet quality among individuals with and without a self-reported diagnosis of depression aged from 16 to 64 years old in Spain, to analyze the time trends of the frequency of food consumption and diet quality from 2011 to 2017 in individuals with a self-reported diagnosis of depression, and to explore the associations between poor/improvable diet quality and sociodemographic, lifestyle, and health-related factors. A nationwide cross-sectional study was conducted in 42,280 participants with and without a self-reported diagnosis of depression who had participated in the 2011/2012 and 2017 Spanish National Health Surveys and the 2014 European Health Survey in Spain. A logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the variables associated with diet quality. The overall prevalence of diet quality among depressive and non-depressive individuals revealed 65.71% and 70.27% were in need of improvement, respectively. Moreover, having a poor or improvable diet quality is associated with male gender, people aged 16–24 years old and 25–44 years old, separated or divorced, and also in smokers.

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