The effects of visual formats on Facebook health-related posts: evidence from eye movement analysis

PurposeThis study aimed to provide user-centered evidence for health professionals to make optimal use of images for the effective dissemination of health information on Facebook (FB).Design/methodology/approachUsing an eye-tracking experiment and a survey method, this study examined 42 participants' reading patterns as well as recall and recognition outcomes with 36 FB health information posts having various FB post features.FindingsThe findings demonstrated that FB posts with text-embedded images received more attention and resulted in the highest recall and recognition. Meanwhile, compared to text-embedded images, visual only images yielded less effective recall of information, but they caught the viewers' attention; graphics tended to attract more attention than photos. For effective communication, the text features in FB posts should align with the formats of the images.Practical implicationsThe findings of this study provide practical implications for health information disseminators by suggesting that text-embedded images should be used for effective health communication.Originality/valueThis study provided evidence of users' different viewing patterns for FB health information posts and the relationship between FB post types and recall and recognition outcomes.

Formation of the Knowledge Base of Benchmarking Research in HRM Using Information Technologies

Theoretical aspects and practical developments in the use of corporate knowledge management technologies are considered. The importance of knowledge management in the company's personnel management system is analyzed. The technology of benchmarking as a source of obtaining new corporate knowledge is highlighted and described. Special attention is paid to HR analytics processes. The use of benchmarking research as a tool for analyzing the field of personnel management is proposed. Approaches to the development of metrics for benchmarking in the field of personnel management of the organization are described. Based on the study of the practical experience of the use of benchmarking research by companies, the need for the organization of storage and effective dissemination of results has been established. Considering that at present corporate knowledge is becoming the most valuable internal product of the organization, the use of modern information technologies is proposed to expand access to corporate knowledge and solve the problems of decentralization of knowledge, duplication and loss of information for decision-making in the field of personnel management.

Modern Geográfia: múlt, jelen és jövő – egy szakmai folyóirat elmúlt 15 évének tükre

The scholarly journal Modern Geográfia has been providing a publication platform for researchers of geography and, more broadly, the natural and social sciences for 15 years now. Effective dissemination of scientific results is of paramount importance in broadening the horizons of both basic and applied research. The aim of the present study is to explore the role of Modern Geográfia in the above process, thus to outline its profile and possible directions for its further development. The applied method can be an effective help in formulating the portfolio and the strategic goals of other scholarly journals. The methodological basis of the research is provided by the statistical analysis of the journal based on a primary database containing several indicators. The results cover the number of articles published in the journal, in addition to the dynamics of the publications, its profiling, the presentation of the affected topics, and the evaluation of the trends of recent years. In addition to all this, the study reviews the team of professionals that has given content to the journal with the results of its scientific research.

EXPEDITIOUS RESPONSE TO EPIDEMICS: THE CHRONICLE OF NIPAH IN KERALA

Kerala witnessed a catastrophic outbreak of the Nipah virus (NiV) in May 2018, with a fatality rate of 40-75 per cent. The Nipah virus is recognised by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a significant public health concern, and it's one among the priority diseases for accelerated R&D due to the severe lack of available countermeasures against it. There is no vaccine or cure for the infection. The state of Kerala showed an exemplary response to the outbreak. This involved rapid and effective dissemination of necessary precautions to the broader public. Internet social media played a crucial role in spreading these messages. Although the disease claimed 21 lives, it could have been a lot worse if the state had not taken the measures for proper mitigation. This work gives a brief overview of the Nipah virus, followed by a comprehensive outline of the Kerala outbreak. Community and individual responses to the Nipah outbreak have been analysed to illustrate how various groups and individuals, from health care and tourism departments to religious leaders, played a role in successfully eradicating the virus. Kerala's experience in containing epidemics is expected to become a reference point for other states and regions that may find similar situations.

Risk Communication and Community Engagement During the Migrant Worker COVID-19 Outbreak in Singapore

In early phases of the COVID-19 pandemic in Singapore, Risk Communication and Community Engagement (RCCE) with large, diverse communities of migrant workers living in high-density accommodation was slow to develop. By August 2020, Singapore had reported 55,661 cases of COVID-19, with migrant workers comprising 94.6% of the cases. A system of RCCE among migrant worker communities in Singapore was developed to maximize synergy in RCCE. Proactive stakeholder engagement and participatory approaches with affected communities were key to effective dissemination of scientific information about COVID-19 and its prevention.

Co-operative learning as a method for reducing bullying

<p>Evidence from international research suggests that bullying increases as students make the transition to intermediate school. Bullying interventions frequently focus on individual change with little attention paid to the context that supports the behaviour. This pre-experimental case study examined bullying from a contextual perspective. A cooperative learning program was implemented in a Year 7 and Year 8 composite class to investigate if such a program could reduce bullying and increase positive peer interactions among the students. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected using a questionnaire, sociogram, interviews and observations. The results of the study are equivocal because while the questionnaire results and the results from a component of the sociogram indicated increased bullying behaviours, the observations and interviews indicated a decrease in the behaviour. Also, clearer evidence of increased peer interactions came from the interviews and observations than from the sociogram. The implications of this study relate more to the implementation of co-operative learning than to its impact on bullying behaviour. Effective dissemination of co-operative learning requires: fidelity to the methodology, peer support over time, frequent practice, recognition of resistance and a school climate that both supports and fosters its implementation. A list of indicators for effective implementation of co-operative learning is provided in this study.</p>

Co-operative learning as a method for reducing bullying

<p>Evidence from international research suggests that bullying increases as students make the transition to intermediate school. Bullying interventions frequently focus on individual change with little attention paid to the context that supports the behaviour. This pre-experimental case study examined bullying from a contextual perspective. A cooperative learning program was implemented in a Year 7 and Year 8 composite class to investigate if such a program could reduce bullying and increase positive peer interactions among the students. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected using a questionnaire, sociogram, interviews and observations. The results of the study are equivocal because while the questionnaire results and the results from a component of the sociogram indicated increased bullying behaviours, the observations and interviews indicated a decrease in the behaviour. Also, clearer evidence of increased peer interactions came from the interviews and observations than from the sociogram. The implications of this study relate more to the implementation of co-operative learning than to its impact on bullying behaviour. Effective dissemination of co-operative learning requires: fidelity to the methodology, peer support over time, frequent practice, recognition of resistance and a school climate that both supports and fosters its implementation. A list of indicators for effective implementation of co-operative learning is provided in this study.</p>

Is change worth it? The effects of adopting modern agricultural inputs on household welfare in Rwanda

This study investigates the driving factors that influence farmers’ decisions to adopt modern agricultural inputs (MAI) and how this affects farm household welfare in rural Rwanda. To account for heterogeneity in the MAI adoption decision and unobservable farm and household attributes, we estimate an endogenous switching regression (ESR) model. The findings reveal that size of land endowment, access to farm credit and awareness of farm advisory services are the main driving forces behind MAI adoption. The analysis further shows that MAI adoption increases household farm income, farm yield and equivalised consumption per capita. This implies that adopting MAI is the most consistent and potentially best pathway to reduce poverty among rural farmers. The study hence suggests that policymakers should align the effective dissemination of MAI information and farm advisory services, strengthen farm credit systems and improve market access – most crucially at affordable prices – among small-farmers throughout Rwanda.

The Widening Scope of Telemedicine in India: Delving into Its Economic Aspects and Haptic Technology

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected our nation and economy gravely, which has led to exploiting ways of setting norms for the effective distribution of healthcare advancements beyond geographical boundaries. In this paper, we propose an approach for the rapid advancement and effective distribution of healthcare in India through the enormous potential in telemedicine and haptic technology. We further address the issues in India's current healthcare infrastructure occurring due to non-availability and vacancy of doctors, social development, such as the willingness of people to invest in telemedicine by statistically analyzing bar diagrams, tabulated data, and self-assembled visual graphics. Our study shows that the potential of technology-aided approaches such as telemedicine and haptic systems in healthcare is enormous, and through effective dissemination of awareness, training, and stakeholder involvement, telemedicine and haptics could change the norms in the advancement in the healthcare system of India

‘FAKE NEWS’ AND OTHER PROBLEMATIC INFORMATION: STUDYING DISSEMINATION AND DISCOURSE PATTERNS

Encompassed by the disputed term ‘fake news’, a variety of overtly or covertly biased, skewed, or falsified reports claiming to present factual information are now seen to constitute a critical challenge to the effective dissemination of news and information across established and emerging democratic societies. Such content – variously also classifiable as propaganda, selective reporting, conspiracy theory, inadvertent misinformation, and deliberate disinformation – in itself is not new; however, contemporary digital and social media networks enable its global dissemination and amplification, by human and algorithmic actors (Woolley & Howard 2017), ordinary users and professional agents, outside of, in opposition to, or sometimes also in collusion with, the mainstream media (Shao et al. 2017; Vargo et al. 2017). Various political, commercial, and state actors are suspected to have exploited this ‘fake news’ ecosystem to influence public opinion, in major votes ranging from the Brexit referendum to national elections, and/or to utilise discourse around ‘fake news’ to generally undermine trust in media, political, and state institutions. This panel brings together a number of perspectives that combine systematic, large-scale, mixed-methods analysis of the empirical evidence for the global dissemination of, engagement with, and visibility of problematic information in public debate with the study of the public discourse about ‘fake news’, and the operationalisation of this concept by politicians and other societal actors to downplay inconvenient facts or reject critical questions. In combination, its five papers present a substantive collection of innovative approaches to the ‘fake news’ concept, exploring the dissemination of problematic information itself at larger and smaller scales as well as examining the operationalisation of the idea of ‘fake news’ in pursuit of specific ideological aims. This produces a new and more comprehensive picture of the overall impact of ‘fake news’, in all its forms, on contemporary societies.