The Philanthropic Poor: Prosocial Behavior in Rural India

2021 ◽  
pp. 089976402110600
Author(s):  
H. Daniel Heist ◽  
Marquisha Lawrence Scott ◽  
Ram A. Cnaan ◽  
M. S. Moodithaya ◽  
Matthew R. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Prosocial Behaviors ◽  
Rural India ◽  
Socioeconomic Indicators ◽  
Socioeconomic Conditions ◽  
Minority Religions

The study of philanthropy has largely been the purview of the wealthy and privileged in Western societies. However, the act of giving transcends race, religion, nationality, ethnicity, and socioeconomic conditions. This article adds to the philanthropic literature by providing empirical evidence of the prosocial behaviors of rural villagers throughout India. Using responses from a large-scale, door-to-door survey ( n=3,159), we found that high percentages of rural Indians regularly engage in both formal and informal giving and volunteering. Even among generally poor, rural Indian villagers, socioeconomic indicators still matter (with the exception of education), and minority religions and lower social groups tend to exhibit higher levels of prosocial behavior than dominant religious and social groups.

Models, Practices and Methods of Reading: Evolution in Time and Space

2009 ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Yulia P. Melentyeva
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
National Program ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
The Individual

In recent years as public in general and specialist have been showing big interest to the matters of reading. According to discussion and launch of the “Support and Development of Reading National Program”, many Russian libraries are organizing the large-scale events like marathons, lecture cycles, bibliographic trainings etc. which should draw attention of different social groups to reading. The individual forms of attraction to reading are used much rare. To author’s mind the main reason of such an issue has to be the lack of information about forms and methods of attraction to reading.

scholarly journals How Narcissism Shapes Responses to Antisocial and Prosocial Behavior: Hypo-Responsiveness or Hyper-Responsiveness?

2021 ◽  
pp. 014616722110072
Author(s):  
Jiafang Chen ◽  
Barbara Nevicka ◽  
Astrid C. Homan ◽  
Gerben A. van Kleef
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Social Behaviors ◽  
Moral Character ◽  
Prosocial Behaviors ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Reward And Punishment

Narcissists have a relatively higher proclivity for displaying antisocial rather than prosocial behaviors, suggesting a comparatively higher tendency for unfavorably impacting societies. However, maintenance of social order also depends on appropriate responses to others’ social behavior. Once we focus on narcissists as observers rather than actors, their impact on social functioning becomes less clear-cut. Theoretical arguments suggest that narcissists could be either hypo-responsive or hyper-responsive to others’ social behavior. Across four studies, we examined narcissists’ responsiveness to variations in others’ antisocial and prosocial behaviors. Results showed that narcissists differentiated less between others’ antisociality/prosociality, as reflected in their subsequent moral character evaluations (Studies 1–4) and reward and punishment (Studies 3 and 4). These results suggest that narcissists are hypo-responsive to others’ social behaviors. Implications and directions for future research are discussed.

scholarly journals Introduction to Special Section: Prosocial Development in Risky and Vulnerable Contexts

2021 ◽  
pp. 016502542199075
Author(s):  
Laura K. Taylor ◽  
Gustavo Carlo
Keyword(s):  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Knowledge Base ◽  
Special Section ◽  
Prosocial Behaviors ◽  
Developmental Perspective ◽  
Developmental Research ◽  
Prosocial Development ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Foundational Work

The introduction highlights a developmental perspective on children’s and youth prosocial behavior in risky and vulnerable contexts. The six empirical papers published in this Special Section are considered within a multilevel, multidimensional framework and reflect a diversity of methodological approaches. The studies each provide foundational work that informs theory, builds our knowledge base, and has important intervention implications. We highlight the contributions of each study and present recommendations for future developmental research on prosocial behaviors.

scholarly journals On the origin of variable structures in the winds of hot luminous stars

2013 ◽  
Vol 440 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yannick J. L. Michaux ◽  
Anthony F. J. Moffat ◽  
André-Nicolas Chené ◽  
Nicole St-Louis
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Ionization Zone ◽  
Corotating Interaction Regions ◽  
Wind Variability ◽  
Global Magnetic Field ◽  
Interaction Regions

Abstract Examination of the temporal variability properties of several strong optical recombination lines in a large sample of Galactic Wolf–Rayet (WR) stars reveals possible trends, especially in the more homogeneous WC than the diverse WN subtypes, of increasing wind variability with cooler subtypes. This could imply that a serious contender for the driver of the variations is stochastic, magnetic subsurface convection associated with the 170 kK partial-ionization zone of iron, which should occupy a deeper and larger zone of greater mass in cooler WR subtypes. This empirical evidence suggests that the heretofore proposed ubiquitous driver of wind variability, radiative instabilities, may not be the only mechanism playing a role in the stochastic multiple small-scaled structures seen in the winds of hot luminous stars. In addition to small-scale stochastic behaviour, subsurface convection guided by a global magnetic field with localized emerging loops may also be at the origin of the large-scale corotating interaction regions as seen frequently in O stars and occasionally in the winds of their descendant WR stars.

The Structure of Prosocial Behavior: A Comment on Richaud, Mesurado, and Cortada (2013)

2013 ◽  
Vol 113 (2) ◽  
pp. 586-589
Author(s):  
Mariola Łaguna ◽  
Piotr Oleś
Keyword(s):  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Prosocial Behaviors ◽  
Alternative Models ◽  
Behavior Models

The question of how many factors are required to explain prosocial behavior in adolescents was examined. Richaud, Mesurado, and Cortada (2013) have tested two alternative models of prosocial behaviors. In this Comment we (1) discuss the theoretical basis for prosocial behavior models in adolescents and (2) propose possible alternative models as suggestions for further studies.

Socio-Economic Differences Control Species Composition of Urban Gardens in a Metropolitan Area of Argentina

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
VERONICA SPESCHA ◽  
EZEQUIEL ARÁOZ
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Geographic Distance ◽  
Socioeconomic Level ◽  
Socioeconomic Indicators ◽  
Socioeconomic Conditions ◽  
Vegetation Diversity ◽  
Main Method ◽  
Ecological Attributes ◽  
Main Factors

Abstract Human population is becoming increasingly more urbanized, and in that context private gardens contribute to biodiversity and to access to ecosystem services in cities. The urbanized landscape reflects social, economic and cultural differences of the population, which affect the patterns of urban biodiversity. Socioeconomic level is one of the main factors that spatially structure cities, for which it likely influences several attributes of gardens. In this study we characterized urban vegetation diversity in 50 private gardens of an urban agglomerate of Argentina, Gran San Miguel de Tucumán. We aimed to determine which variables control ecological attributes of gardens. We used socioeconomic indicators obtained from the 2010 Nacional Population and Households Census, and data obtained through a survey to garden owners. Our study suggests that species composition of gardens responds to socioeconomic conditions, which might be linked to the exchange of species as the main method to obtain plants and to strengthen social bonds by belonging to a similar socioeconomic level rather than neighborhood or geographic distance. Based on our analyses, gardens in areas with higher socioeconomic level were larger. Species richness and socioeconomic level of gardens were not significantly associated, and species diversity was related to garden age, with older gardens being more diverse.

God’s Marketeer

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Martijn Abrahamse
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Press Coverage ◽  
Significant Shift ◽  
Dutch Society ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Billy Graham ◽  
The Way ◽  
Newspaper Articles

Summary This article deals with the reception of Billy Graham and modern evangelicalism in the fragmented society of the Netherlands in 1954. It takes its departure from the stream of newspaper articles published between February and June in response to the Greater London Crusade and Graham’s first large scale rally in Amsterdam’s Olympic Stadium. The analysis of the reports in different newspapers, which represent the different social groups (catholic, protestant, socialist and liberal) in Dutch society, reveals a significant shift in the way Billy Graham was perceived: from initial scepticism to mild appreciation. This change in press coverage, it is concluded, is mainly due to the different way in which Billy Graham presented himself compared with the large-scale publicity which surrounded his campaign.

scholarly journals A Large Scale Test of the Effect of Social Class on Prosocial Behavior

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Kornddrfer ◽  
Boris Egloff ◽  
Stefan C. Schmukle
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Scale Test

Access to Formal Credit in the Indian Agriculture: Does Caste matter?

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-195
Author(s):  
Karthick V. ◽  
Madheswaran S.
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Credit Market ◽  
Access To Resources ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
Indian Agriculture ◽  
Discrimination Coefficient ◽  
Lower Castes

Access to resources and opportunities can be a critical factor in improving outcomes for disadvantaged groups. Improving access to financial resources, in particular, is widely acknowledged to facilitate upward economic and social mobility. Conversely, lack of access to resources for certain groups based on caste, class, gender and ethno-social identities can perpetuate inequalities. In this context, this paper attempts to analyse the access to credit by social groups and decomposes the gross credit differentials using Oaxaca-blinder decomposition method using unit-level data from the All India Debt and Investment Survey, NSSO, 2013. The descriptive analysis clearly shows that there is a significant credit differential between forward caste (FC) and other social groups (SC, ST and OBC). Access to credit varies across social groups based on many factors. The decomposition result indicates that the discrimination coefficient against SC is 49per cent which explains that SCs are being discriminated by 49 per cent compared to FCs in the formal credit market. In case of ST, the discrimination coefficient against is 61per cent and for OBC it is 48per cent. Interestingly, the endowment difference is less among ST (38per cent) compared to SC and OBC (around 51 per cent). Also, the FC treatment advantage (benefit of being a FC in the credit market) is 5.7 per cent whereas the cost of being an SC in the credit market (treatment disadvantage) is 35.1 per cent. As expected, the disadvantage component for ST and OBC is 33.1 per cent and 17.8 per cent respectively. Thus, we see that although programmes, schemes and policies to promote the economic empowerment of lower castes through finance have been implemented on a large scale since the 1990s, they have not been very effective.

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