scholarly journals Internal spur gear root bending stress: A comparison of ISO 6336:1996, ISO 6336:2006, VDI 2737:2005, AGMA, ANSYS finite element analysis and strain gauge techniques

2018 ◽  
Vol 233 (5) ◽  
pp. 1713-1720
Author(s):  
Timothy J Lisle ◽  
Brian A Shaw ◽  
Robert C Frazer
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Stress Analysis ◽  
Strain Gauge ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Bending Stress ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Maximum Root ◽  
Association Method ◽  
Internal Gear

The Association of German Engineers VDI 2737:2005 and the International Organisation for Standardisation ISO 6336:2006 are universally accepted analytical procedures for the analysis of internal gears. There is no official American Gear Manufacturers Association standard for internal gear stress analysis due to the validity of inscribing the Lewis parabola within internal concave profiles and the resulting errors associated with the location of maximum root bending stress. This research investigates the differences associated with using ISO 6336, VDI 2737 and an unofficial American Gear Manufacturers Association method, all of which are compared against a potentially more accurate numerical (ANSYS) method and strain gauge techniques.

scholarly journals Effects of Rim Thickness on Spur Gear Bending Stress

1994 ◽  
Vol 116 (4) ◽  
pp. 1157-1162 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. D. Bibel ◽  
S. K. Reddy ◽  
M. Savage ◽  
R. F. Handschuh
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
High Power ◽  
Design Parameter ◽  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Bending Stress ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Bending Stresses

Thin rim gears find application in high-power, lightweight aircraft transmissions. Bending stresses in thin rim spur gear tooth fillets and root areas differ from the stresses in solid gears due to rim deformations. Rim thickness is a significant design parameter for these gears. To study this parameter, a finite element analysis was conducted on a segment of a thin rim gear. The rim thickness was varied and the location and magnitude of the maximum bending stresses reported. Design limits are discussed and compared with the results of other researchers.

Design and Analysis of Internal Gears With Different Rim Thickness and Shapes

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Karpat ◽  
S. Ekwaro-Osire ◽  
T. G. Yilmaz ◽  
O. Dogan ◽  
C. Yuce
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Bending Stress ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Fillet Radius ◽  
Tooth Stiffness ◽  
Bending Stresses ◽  
Internal Gear

In recent years, thanks to their significant advantages such as compactness, large torque-to-weight ratio, large transmission ratios, reduced noise and vibrations, internal gears have been used in automotive and aerospace applications especially in planetary gear drives. Although internal gears have a number of advantages, they have not been studied sufficiently. Internal gears are manufactured by pinion type cutters which are nearly identical with pinion gear except the addendum factor which is 1.25 instead of 1. The tip geometry of a pinion type cutter which determines the fillet of internal gear tooth can be sharp or rounded. In this study, the design of internal gears were investigated by using a traditional approach. Mathematical equations of pinion type cutter were obtained by using differential geometry, then the equations of internal gear tooth were derived accurately by using coordinate transformations and relative motion between the pinion type cutter and internal gear blank. A computer program was generated to attain points of internal gear teeth and three dimensional design of complete gear. 20°-20° were used as pressure angle. To find optimum internal gear geometry, different rim thicknesses and shapes are tried out for finite element analyses. There were several parameters that were shown to effect the performance of the internal gears, with tooth stiffness being the most significant parameter. Tooth stiffness was also vitally influence the dynamic analysis. In order to compute gear tooth stiffness of the internal gear with various rim thicknesses and shapes, finite element analysis was used. A static analysis was performed to assess the gear bending stress and tooth displacement. Tetrahedral element type was selected for meshing. The internal gear outer ring was fixed and the force of 2500 N was applied on the tooth. According to the displacement values from the analysis internal gear tooth stiffness were calculated individually. Additionally, the effect of root bending stress with varying rim thickness, shapes, and root radius were investigated. The bending stresses were calculated according to ISO 6336 and using finite element analysis were shown to be in good agreement. It was shown that when the rim thickness and fillet radius were increased, the maximum bending stresses decreased considerably. As rim thickness was increased, the maximum bending stress decreased nearly 23%. It was also shown that as the fillet radius decreased, the maximum bending stress increased, whereas the rim stresses slightly changed. As the fillet radius was decreased, the maximum bending stress increased nearly 10%. It was also observed that when rim thickness was increased, the stress on the rim was decreased, whereas tooth stiffness was increased. However, fillet radius had no visible effect both on rim stress and tooth stiffness. Furthermore, it was shown that the rim shape had significant effect on rim stress.

Finite Element Analysis of Bending Stress in the Meshing Process for Internal Gear Pairs with few Teeth Difference

2013 ◽  
Vol 764 ◽  
pp. 129-133
Author(s):  
Yan Gang Wei ◽  
Chun Xiao Gu ◽  
Xiu Juan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Gear Pair ◽  
Bending Stress ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
The Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Internal Gear ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Meshing Process

According to the transmission characteristics of the internal gear pair with few teeth difference, the models of finite element analysis are established reasonably after combining the principle of gear engagement, contact mechanics, and finite element concept and method. The relationship between the simulation model of finite element and the meshing process is made clearly. The simulation analysis is performed subtly for the meshing process of the internal gear pair using the finite element analysis method. The main factors of multi-pair teeth meshing effect have been shown and the effect of multi-pair teeth meshing on the gear bending stress is analyzed.

Tooth geometry and bending stress analysis of conjugate meshing face-gear pairs

2012 ◽  
Vol 227 (6) ◽  
pp. 1302-1314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zihni B Saribay
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Gear Pair ◽  
Bending Stress ◽  
Face Gear ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Tooth Surfaces ◽  
Bending Stresses

The conjugate meshing face-gear pairs are implemented to high shaft angle intersecting axis gears such as the pericyclic transmission system. The meshing face-gear pair tooth surfaces are generated with a mutually conjugate spur shaper. The established tooth geometry and the dimensions of the conjugate face-gear pairs are summarized in this article. Four different example face-gear pairs are generated at various shaft angles and numbers of tooth combinations. Tooth bending stresses of these face-gear pair teeth are investigated based on finite element analysis methods. In these analyses, only single pairs of teeth are investigated. These results are compared to analog the spur gear tooth bending stresses calculated by finite element analysis and standard spur gear stress formulas. Meshing face-gear pair single tooth bending stress levels show approximately 3% to 6% difference from same size spur gear tooth.

Finite Element Analysis of Drum on the New Type Self-Driven Towing Machine for Cable

2011 ◽  
Vol 55-57 ◽  
pp. 664-669
Author(s):  
Jin Ning Nie ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
De Feng Xie
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Stress Analysis ◽  
Compressive Stress ◽  
Wire Rope ◽  
Ansys Software ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Structure Improvement ◽  
Improvement Measures ◽  
New Type

According to the situation that the dual-friction drums on the new type towing machine lack stress analysis when designed, the safety is difficult to test and verify. The pull of wire rope in various positions was derived and calculated, so both compressive stress and tangent friction force generated by the pull of wire rope were calculated. The result made by ANSYS software demonstrates the safety of the left drum which suffers from larger loads, structure improvement measures are put forward for the drum.

Stress Analysis and Structure Optimization for the Opening Flat Cover of Pressure Vessels

2012 ◽  
Vol 538-541 ◽  
pp. 3253-3258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Jian Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Stress Concentration ◽  
Stress Analysis ◽  
Structure Optimization ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Secondary Stress ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Primary Stress ◽  
Flat Cover

According to the results of finite element analysis (FEA), when the diameter of opening of the flat cover is no more than 0.5D (d≤0.5D), there is obvious stress concentration at the edge of opening, but only existed within the region of 2d. Increasing the thickness of flat covers could not relieve the stress concentration at the edge of opening. It is recommended that reinforcing element being installed within the region of 2d should be used. When the diameter of openings is larger than 0.5D (d>0.5D), conical or round angle transitions could be employed at connecting location, with which the edge stress decreased remarkably. However, the primary stress plus the secondary stress would be valued by 3[σ].

Strength-based design of a sunflower stalk cutter machine design using finite element analysis and experimental validation

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440622110597
Author(s):  
Gürkan İrsel
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Stress Analysis ◽  
Strain Gage ◽  
Experimental Validation ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Fatigue Analysis ◽  
Structural Stress ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Strength Based

In this study, the total algorithm of the strength-based design of the system for mass production has been developed. The proposed algorithm, which includes numerical, analytical, and experimental studies, was implemented through a case study on the strength-based structural design and fatigue analysis of a tractor-mounted sunflower stalk cutting machine (SSCM). The proposed algorithm consists of a systematic engineering approach, material selection and testing, design of the mass criteria suitability, structural stress analysis, computer-aided engineering (CAE), prototype production, experimental validation studies, fatigue calculation based on an FE model and experimental studies (CAE-based fatigue analysis), and an optimization process aimed at minimum weight. Approximately 85% of the system was designed using standard commercially available cross-section beams and elements using the proposed algorithm. The prototype was produced, and an HBM data acquisition system was used to collect the strain gage output. The prototype produced was successful in terms of functionality. Two- and three-dimensional mixed models were used in the structural analysis solution. The structural stress analysis and experimental results with a strain gage were 94.48% compatible in this study. It was determined using nCode DesignLife software that fatigue damage did not occur in the system using the finite element analysis (FEA) and experimental data. The SSCM design adopted a multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA) methodology for optimization with ANSYS. With the optimization solved from 422 iterations, a maximum stress value of 57.65 MPa was determined, and a 97.72 kg material was saved compared to the prototype. This study provides a useful methodology for experimental and advanced CAE techniques, especially for further study on complex stress, strain, and fatigue analysis of new systematic designs desired to have an optimum weight to strength ratio.

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