Recognition and prediction of driver’s whole body posture model

The driver’s whole-body posture at the time of a collision is a key factor in determining the magnitude of injury to the driver. However, current researchs on driver posture models only consider the upper body posture of the driver, and the lower body area which is not perceived by sensors is not studied. This paper investigates the driver’s posture and establishes a 3D posture model of the driver’s whole body through the application of machine vision algorithms and regression model statistics. This study proposes an improved Kinect-OpenPose algorithm for identifying the 3D spatial coordinates of nine keypoints of the driver’s upper body. The posture prediction regression model of four keypoints of the lower body is established by conducting volunteer posture acquisition experiments on the developed simulated driving seat and analyzing the volunteer posture data through using the principal components of the upper body keypoints and the seat parameters. The experiments proved that the error of the regression model in this paper is minor than that of current studies, and the accuracy of the keypoint location and the keypoint connection length of the established driver whole body posture model is high, which provides implications for future studies.

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Multi-Objective Optimization for Upper Body Posture Prediction

10th AIAA/ISSMO Multidisciplinary Analysis and Optimization Conference ◽

10.2514/6.2004-4506 ◽

2004 ◽

Cited By ~ 51

Author(s):

Jingzhou Yang ◽

R. Timothy Marler ◽

HyungJoo Kim ◽

Jasbir Arora ◽

Karim Abdel-Malek

Keyword(s):

Body Posture ◽

Upper Body ◽

Multi Objective Optimization ◽

Multi Objective ◽

Upper Body Posture ◽

Posture Prediction

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Standard reference values of the upper body posture in healthy middle-aged female adults in Germany

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-81879-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Daniela Ohlendorf ◽

Polyna Sosnov ◽

Julia Keller ◽

Eileen M. Wanke ◽

Gerhard Oremek ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sagittal Plane ◽

Standing Position ◽

Repeated Measurements ◽

Clinical Diagnostics ◽

Body Posture ◽

Upper Body ◽

Back Surface ◽

Left Shoulder ◽

Upper Body Posture ◽

Standard Values

AbstractIn order to classify and analyze the parameters of upper body posture, a baseline in form of standard values is demanded. To this date, standard values have only been published for healthy young women. Data for female adults between 51 and 60 years are lacking. 101 symptom-free female volunteers aged 51–60 (55.16 ± 2.89) years. The mean height of the volunteers was 1.66 ± 0.62 m, with a mean body weight of 69.3 ± 11.88 kg and an average BMI of 25.02 ± 4.55 kg/m2. By means of video raster stereography, a 3D-scan of the upper back surface was measured in a habitual standing position. The confidence interval, tolerance range and ICCs were calculated for all parameters. The habitual standing position is almost symmetrical in the frontal plane the most prominent deviation being a slightly more ventral position of the left shoulder blade in comparison to the right. The upper body (spine position) is inclined ventrally with a minor tilt to the left. In the sagittal plane, the kyphosis angle of the thoracic spine is greater than the lordosis angle of the lumbar spine. The pelvis is virtually evenly balanced with deviations from an ideal position falling under the measurement error margin of 1 mm/1°. There were also BMI influenced postural variations in the sagittal plane and shoulder distance. The ICCs are calculated from three repeated measurements and all parameters can be classified as "almost perfect". Deflections from an ideally symmetric spinal alignment in women aged 51–60 years are small-scaled, with a minimal frontal-left inclination and accentuated sigmoidal shape of the spine. Postural parameters presented in this survey allow for comparisons with other studies as well as the evaluation of clinical diagnostics and applications.

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Effect of upper body posture on forced inspiration and expiration

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/jappl.1982.52.4.879 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 52 (4) ◽

pp. 879-886 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

F. Haas ◽

M. Simnowitz ◽

K. Axen ◽

D. Gaudino ◽

A. Haas

Keyword(s):

Muscle Tension ◽

Spinal Column ◽

Peak Inspiratory Pressure ◽

Body Posture ◽

Upper Body ◽

Distance Runners ◽

Long Distance ◽

Upper Body Posture ◽

Residual Capacity ◽

Expiratory Flow

The upper body posture naturally adopted by long distance runners was quantified, and its effects on ventilation were assessed in 14 subjects. Maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV) and flow-volume loop maneuvers were performed in three seated positions: 1) natural running posture (RUN), with back angled forward 11 degrees, neck flexed, and head extended 35 degrees forward of the spinal column; 2) back vertical with head and neck as above (NEF); and 3) head and back vertical (VERT). MVV was significantly higher in RUN compared with both NEF and VERT, as were peak inspiratory pressure (PImax) from functional residual capacity, peak expiratory flow (PEF), and peak inspiratory flow (PIF). Expiratory flow at 50% of vital capacity was significantly higher in RUN and NEF than in VERT, consistent with reported increases in flow due to tracheal stiffening. The increased PIF and PImax in RUN indicate increased inspiratory muscle tension and/or improved transduction of tension into a more negative pleural pressure. Magnetometer tracings of rib cage dimensions demonstrated greater anteroposterior stability during maximal inspiratory efforts in RUN compared with VERT. The improved inspiratory function seen in RUN may be due to more effective diaphragmatic and/or accessory muscle function. These findings demonstrate that the position naturally adopted by long distance runners favors ventilation.

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Driver fatigue analysis based on upper body posture and DBN-BPNN model

2019 IEEE 4th Advanced Information Technology, Electronic and Automation Control Conference (IAEAC) ◽

10.1109/iaeac47372.2019.8997925 ◽

2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ziyuan Zheng ◽

Shenghua Dai ◽

Yao Liang ◽

Xuxu Xie

Keyword(s):

Fatigue Analysis ◽

Body Posture ◽

Upper Body ◽

Driver Fatigue ◽

Upper Body Posture ◽

Bpnn Model

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Skeletal muscle mass and distribution in 468 men and women aged 18–88 yr

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/jappl.2000.89.1.81 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 89 (1) ◽

pp. 81-88 ◽

Cited By ~ 1215

Author(s):

Ian Janssen ◽

Steven B. Heymsfield ◽

ZiMian Wang ◽

Robert Ross

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Gender Differences ◽

Body Weight ◽

Upper Body ◽

Whole Body ◽

Lower Body ◽

Large Measure ◽

Imaging Protocol ◽

Men And Women ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Protocol

We employed a whole body magnetic resonance imaging protocol to examine the influence of age, gender, body weight, and height on skeletal muscle (SM) mass and distribution in a large and heterogeneous sample of 468 men and women. Men had significantly ( P < 0.001) more SM in comparison to women in both absolute terms (33.0 vs. 21.0 kg) and relative to body mass (38.4 vs. 30.6%). The gender differences were greater in the upper (40%) than lower (33%) body ( P < 0.01). We observed a reduction in relative SM mass starting in the third decade; however, a noticeable decrease in absolute SM mass was not observed until the end of the fifth decade. This decrease was primarily attributed to a decrease in lower body SM. Weight and height explained ∼50% of the variance in SM mass in men and women. Although a linear relationship existed between SM and height, the relationship between SM and body weight was curvilinear because the contribution of SM to weight gain decreased with increasing body weight. These findings indicate that men have more SM than women and that these gender differences are greater in the upper body. Independent of gender, aging is associated with a decrease in SM mass that is explained, in large measure, by a decrease in lower body SM occurring after the fifth decade.

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