Detection of Human Cytomegalovirus Retinitis and Monitoring of Ganciclovir Treatment Using Conjunctival Swab with Polymerase Chain Reaction in AIDS Patients

2000 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-91
Author(s):  
S H Chiou ◽  
J H Liu ◽  
W W Wong ◽  
Y J Chan ◽  
Y C Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Human Cytomegalovirus ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Cytomegalovirus Retinitis ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Conjunctival Swab ◽  
Patients At Risk ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

This report studies the accuracy of conjunctival swab polymerase chain reaction (CS-PCR) for the diagnosis of human cytomegalovirus retinitis (HCMV) in AIDS patients. PCR and virus culture were used for the detection of HCMV in conjunctival swab, serum, and urine specimens from 38 AIDS patients between April 1996 and April 1998. The clinical utility of the identification of HCMV retinitis by these 6 different methods was demonstrated by their prediction power to estimate AIDS patients at risk of contracting HCMV retinitis. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of CS-PCR for the detection of HCMV retinitis were 91.5%, 80.9%, 60.8%, and 92.7%, respectively; for serum PCR were 74.3%, 81.7%, 57.2%, and 90.3%; for urine PCR were 100%, 17.3%, 20.4%, and 100%; for conjunctival swab culture were 22.7%, 100%, 100%, and 86%; for serum culture were 27.3%, 98.1%, 75%, and 86.4%; and for urine culture were 90.9%, 44.2%, 25.6%, and 95.8%.

Using Conjunctival Swab with Polymerase Chain Reaction to Aid Diagnosis of Cytomegalovirus Retinitis in AIDS Patients

2000 ◽  
Vol 214 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorn-Hon Liu ◽  
Wen-Ming Hsu ◽  
Wing-Wai Wong ◽  
Jaang-Jiun Wang ◽  
Wu-Tse Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Cytomegalovirus Retinitis ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Conjunctival Swab ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Polymerase chain reaction analysis of aqueous humor specimens in the diagnosis of cytomegalovirus retinitis in AIDS patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 738-742
Author(s):  
Feifei Mao ◽  
Huiyu Sun ◽  
Dan Li ◽  
Shengnan Wang ◽  
Dan Lu
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Aqueous Humor ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Analysis ◽  
Cytomegalovirus Retinitis ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Diagnostic Categories ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Purpose: To determine the value of the polymerase chain reaction analysis of aqueous humor specimens as a tool to diagnose cytomegalovirus retinitis in AIDS patients. Methods: In all, 63 AIDS patients were evaluated in this study. They were sorted into two diagnostic categories: eyes with active cytomegalovirus retinitis and eyes without active cytomegalovirus retinitis. The aqueous humor and blood samples were collected and analyzed by polymerase chain reaction. Results: A total of 49 patients had active cytomegalovirus retinitis (77.8%) and 14 patients had inactive cytomegalovirus retinitis or normal fundus (22.2%). The mean average of patients was 39 years (range: 22–59). The majority of patients were male (90.5%). Cytomegalovirus DNA was detected in 46 and 7 of 49 aqueous and blood samples, respectively, from AIDS patients with active cytomegalovirus retinitis. We did not detect cytomegalovirus DNA in any of the eyes without active cytomegalovirus retinitis. The sensitivity of polymerase chain reaction in the detection of cytomegalovirus in aqueous humor and blood samples was 93.5% and 14.3%, respectively. Conclusions: The polymerase chain reaction analysis is a safe, highly specific, and sensitive method to diagnose cytomegalovirus retinitis.

scholarly journals Role of multiplex polymerase chain reaction in diagnosing tubercular meningitis

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (02) ◽  
pp. 145-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anupam Berwal ◽  
Kiran Chawla ◽  
Shashidhar Vishwanath ◽  
Vishnu Prasad Shenoy
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Smear Microscopy ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

AbstractTuberculous meningitis (TBM) is one of the most serious manifestations of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Timely and accurate diagnosis provides a favorable prognosis in patients with TBM. The study evaluated the use of multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in the diagnosis of TBM. A study was conducted on 74 patients clinically suspected with TBM. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens were processed for smear microscopy, middle brook 7H9 culture, and multiplex PCR using primers directed against IS6110 gene and 38 kD protein for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The results were analyzed to assess the role of multiplex PCR in the diagnosis of TBM. A total of 26 (35.1%) patients were diagnosed with TBM. Microscopy was negative in all while culture was positive in two cases only. Comparing with clinical diagnosis and CSF adenosine deaminase levels of ≥ 10 U/L, multiplex PCR showed sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of 71.4%, 89.6%, 83.3%, and 81.2%, respectively, in the diagnosis of TBM.

scholarly journals DETEKSI MOLEKULER Mycobacterium tuberculosis DI DAHAK CARA POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
P. B. Notopuro ◽  
J. Nugraha ◽  
H. Notopuro
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Molecular Technique ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Conventional Culture ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease which is found in developing and developed country. It is one of community healthproblems which become priority in national and international health programs. Microbiologic examination is used to establish thediagnosis of tuberculosis beside clinical examination and radiologic examination. Conventional microscopic and culture examinationhave many limitation ie: such as for example low sensitivity, specificity and need a lot of time. New Molecular technique gives morevalue in sensitivity, specificity and the time for examination. the aim of this study was to know the diagnostic value of PolymeraseChain Reaction for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum. the sputum was collected from twenty eight patients suspectedtuberculosis based on the clinical and radiological examination. the study was performed from September 2006 until July 2007. Wedid the conventional culture technique as a diagnostic gold standard and molecular technique to detect the Mycobacterium tuberculosisin the sputum. For molecular technique, we used Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) with a set of IS6110 region primer which is specificfor the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex. the sensitivity of PCR with IS6110 region primer is 100% (very high), specificity is 82.4%(high), positive predictive value is 89.7% and negative predictive value is 100%. there was statistically no significant difference betweenthe result of PCR and conventional culture method. Based on the result, the Polymerase Chain Reaction examination with primer IS6110region primer can be used as the screening tool for tuberculosis infection, while the clinician waits for culture result.

scholarly journals DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY OF PANBIO COVID-19 RAPID ANTIGEN METHOD FOR SCREENING IN EMERGENCY CASES

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 1607-10
Author(s):  
Raja Kamran Afzal ◽  
Saad Ali ◽  
Farooq Ahmad ◽  
Shafia Nasir ◽  
Muhammad Younas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Ethical Review ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Swab ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of PANBIO COVID-19 rapid antigen method in nasopharyngeal swab, for screening of COVID-19 infection in emergency cases. Study Design: Cross-sectional validation study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Microbiology, Combined Military Hospital, Multan, from Jan to Mar 2021. Methodology: After taking approval from institutional ethical review committee, total 1539 patients were included in this study according to sample size. With informed consent, nasopharyngeal swab specimens were taken for PANBIO COVID-19 rapid antigen method from each patient presenting as emergency medical/surgical case to Combined Military Hospital Multan as well as for Polymerase Chain Reaction for SARS CoV-2 RNA. PANBIO COVID-19 rapid antigen method and polymerase chain reaction for SARS CoV-2 RNA were performed simultaneously on swabs. Polymerase chain reaction for SARS CoV-2 RNA was considered to be the gold standard for comparison with the PANBIO COVID-19 rapid antigen method. Results: A total of 21 patients had SARS CoV-2 RNA detected by polymerase chain reaction indicating COVID-19 infection. Out of polymerase chain reaction positive patients, PANBIO™ COVID-19 Ag test was able to detect 19 cases. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy was calculated and found to be 90.47%, 100%, 100%, 99.8% and 99.8% respectively. Conclusion: PANBIO™ COVID-19 rapid antigen method was found to have excellent diagnostic accuracy in detection of COVID-19 infection. It can provide as a good alternate test for screening of masses with a short turn around time of only 15 minutes.

scholarly journals Real-world evaluation of a computed tomography-first triage strategy for suspected Coronavirus disease 2019 in outpatients with fever in Japan: an observational cohort study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeta Miyake ◽  
Takuma Higurashi ◽  
Takashi Jono ◽  
Taisuke Akimoto ◽  
Fumihiro Ogawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Real World ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Triage Protocol ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Abstract Background: The Coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic continues to spread worldwide. Because of the absence of reliable rapid diagnostic systems, patients with symptoms of Coronavirus disease 2019 are treated as suspected of the disease. Use of computed tomography findings in Coronavirus disease 2019 are expected to be a reasonable method for triaging patients, and computed tomography-first triage strategies have been proposed. However, clinical evaluation of a computed tomography-first triage protocol is lacking.The aim of this study is to investigate the real-world efficacy and limitations of a computed tomography-first triage strategy in patients with suspected Coronavirus disease 2019.Methods: This was a single-center cohort study evaluating outpatients with fever who received medical examination at Yokohama City University Hospital, prospectively registered between 9 February and 5 May 2020. We treated according to the computed tomography-first triage protocol. The primary outcome was efficacy of the computed tomography-first triage protocol for patients with fever in an outpatient clinic. Efficacy of the computed tomography-first triage protocol for outpatients with fever was evaluated using sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value. We conducted additional analyses of the isolation time of feverish outpatients and final diagnoses.Results: In total, 108 consecutive outpatients with fever were examined at our hospital. Using the computed tomography-first triage protocol, 48 (44.9%) patients were classified as suspected Coronavirus disease 2019. Nine patients (18.8%) in this group were positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 using polymerase chain reaction; no patients in the group considered less likely to have Coronavirus disease 2019 tested positive for the virus. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of our computed tomography-first triage protocol for Coronavirus disease 2019 were 100%, 60.2%, 18.8%, and 100%, respectively. The protocol significantly shortened the duration of isolation for the not-suspected versus the suspected group (70.5 vs. 1037.0 minutes, P < .001). Conclusions: Our computed tomography-first triage protocol was acceptable for screening patients with suspected Coronavirus disease 2019. This protocol will be helpful for appropriate triage, especially in areas where polymerase chain reaction is inadequate.

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