scholarly journals Disparities by age in depressive symptoms and substance use among men who have sex with men living with HIV

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 642-651
Author(s):  
Monique J Brown ◽  
Julianne M Serovich ◽  
Tanja C Laschober ◽  
Judy A Kimberly
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Depression ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Living With Hiv

The aim of this study was to assess the association between age, depressive symptoms, and substance use among men who have sex with men (MSM) living with HIV. Baseline data were obtained from 337 MSM living with HIV. Linear and logistic regression models were used to determine the association between age and depressive symptoms and substance use. MSM aged 35–49 had higher depressive symptoms than MSM 50 and older (B = 3.53; 95% CI: 0.33, 6.72); MSM aged 25–34 and MSM 35–49 had higher substance use than MSM 50 and older (B = 2.66; 95% CI: 0.77, 4.54; and B = 1.68; 95% CI: 0.22, 3.14, respectively). MSM aged 35–49 were more likely to be at risk for clinical depression than MSM 50 and older (OR = 1.84; 95% CI: 1.06, 3.22); MSM aged 18–24 and MSM 35–49 were less likely and more likely to have substance abuse than MSM 50 and older (OR = 0.29; 95% CI: 0.09, 0.91; and OR = 1.83; 95% CI: 1.02, 3.29, respectively). Interventions addressing depressive symptoms and substance use tailored to individuals in different age groups should account for varying needs at different stages of life.

scholarly journals AGE, DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS, AND SUBSTANCE USE AMONG MEN WHO HAVE SEX WITH MEN LIVING WITH HIV

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 714-715
Author(s):  
M.J. Brown ◽  
J. Serovich ◽  
J.A. Kimberly
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Living With Hiv

scholarly journals Diet Quality Measured by Healthy Eating Index-2015 is Inversely Associated with Depression: NHANES 2011–2014

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 568-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
St John Katherine ◽  
David Gee
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Added Sugar ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Sugar Intake

Abstract Objectives The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between diet quality and self-reported depressive symptoms in a nationally representative sample of the U.S. population. Methods A total of 8448 adults over the age of 20 were included in this study. Dietary data were based on 24-hour diet recalls and diet quality was measured using the USDA Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015. Symptoms of depression were assessed by trained interviewers using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Logistic regression models determined whether HEI-2015 scores differed between depressed and non-depressed adults after controlling for age, gender, poverty income ratio, and body mass index. Additional logistic regression models examined the association of HEI-2015 diet components and risk of depression. Results The overall prevalence of depression in this sample was 9.3%. Rates of depression were higher among women, middle-aged adults, obese subjects, and those of lower socioeconomic status. Compared to non-depressed adults (n = 7665), depressed adults (n = 783) had a lower total HEI-2015 score. HEI-2015 score was significantly (P < 0.001) and inversely associated with depressive symptoms, both before and after adjusting for covariates. Greater intake of whole fruit, total protein, and lower added sugar intake was associated with a reduced risk of depression. Conclusions Dietitians should be aware that depressed patients may be consuming less-optimal diets than the non-depressed population and should assess diet quality. Lower intakes of whole fruit, total protein, and higher added sugar intake in particular may be prevalent in those with depressive symptoms. All health professionals should encourage a better balanced diet, and a diet pattern that adheres to the 2015–2020 DGA should be promoted for overall health. Funding Sources Central Washington University.

Correlates of Perceived HIV Prevalence and Associations With HIV Testing Behavior Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in the United States

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darcy White ◽  
Rob Stephenson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Hiv Testing Behavior

As the rate of HIV infection continues to rise among men who have sex with men (MSM) in the United States, a focus of current prevention efforts is to encourage frequent HIV testing. Although levels of lifetime testing are high, low levels of routine testing among MSM are concerning. Using data from an online sample of 768 MSM, this article explores how perceptions of HIV prevalence are associated with HIV testing behavior. Ordinal logistic regression models were fitted to examine correlates of perceived prevalence, and binary logistic regression models were fitted to assess associations between perceived prevalence and HIV testing. The results indicate that perceptions of higher prevalence among more proximal reference groups such as friends and sex partners are associated with greater odds of HIV testing. Perceptions of HIV prevalence were nonuniform across the sample; these variations point to groups to target with strategic messaging and interventions to increase HIV testing among MSM.

scholarly journals Validation of a Short Adherence Questionnaire for Children Living with HIV on Antiretroviral Therapy in Kenya

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 232595821882032
Author(s):  
Rachel Christine Vreeman ◽  
Michael Lawrence Scanlon ◽  
Wanzhu Tu ◽  
James Slaven ◽  
Samuel Ayaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Monitoring Systems ◽  
Event Monitoring ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Item Questionnaire ◽  
Suboptimal Adherence ◽  
Living With Hiv

Background: There are few validated tools to measure adherence for children living with HIV. We identified questionnaire items for caregivers of Kenyan children aged <15 years living with HIV. Methods: Caregiver–child dyads were followed for 6 months. At monthly visits, the child’s HIV provider administered a 10-item questionnaire to the caregiver. Children were given electronic dose monitors (Medication Event Monitoring Systems [MEMS]). Correlation between questionnaire items and dichotomized MEMS adherence (≥90% doses taken versus <90%) was investigated using logistic regression models. Results: In 95 caregiver–child dyads, mean age of children (40% female) was 8.3 years. Items associated with higher odds of MEMS adherence in multivariable analysis included the father giving the child medication, being enrolled in a nutrition program, and the caregiver reporting no difficulties giving the child medication. Conclusion: Providers typically ask about missed doses, but asking about caregiver responsibilities and difficulties in giving the child medication may better detect suboptimal adherence.

scholarly journals Perceived intentional transmission of HIV infection, sustained viral suppression and psychosocial outcomes among men who have sex with men living with HIV: a cross-sectional assessment

2017 ◽  
Vol 94 (7) ◽  
pp. 483-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monique J Brown ◽  
Julianne M Serovich ◽  
Judy A Kimberly
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Viral Suppression ◽  
Psychosocial Outcomes ◽  
Sexual Compulsivity ◽  
Clinical Depression ◽  
Sustained Viral Suppression ◽  
Condomless Anal Intercourse ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Living With Hiv

ObjectiveHIV continues to be a global and national public health challenge, and men who have sex with men (MSM) are disproportionately affected in the USA. Transmission of HIV is intentional if the person living with HIV knows about his/her serostatus, acts with the intention to and actually transmits HIV. Research on intentional transmission of HIV infections is lacking, and the relationships between perceived intentional transmission, viral suppression and psychosocial outcomes have not been assessed. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between perceived intentional transmission of HIV, sustained viral suppression and psychosocial outcomes.MethodsData were obtained from 338 MSM living with HIV who participated in a disclosure intervention study. Logistic and linear regression models were used to assess the associations between perceived intentional transmission and viral suppression, condomless anal intercourse in the past 30 days, being at risk for clinical depression, substance use, self-efficacies for condom use, HIV disclosure and negotiation of safer sex practices, and sexual compulsivity.Results44% of the study population reported perceiving intentional HIV transmission. After adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, men who thought that they were infected intentionally had 69% higher odds (adjusted OR: 1.69; 95% CI 1.01 to 2.83) of being at risk for clinical depression, and on average, scored approximately 3 points and 4 points higher on depressive symptoms and sexual compulsivity, respectively (adjusted β: 3.29; 95% CI 0.42 to 6.15; adjusted β: 3.74; 95% CI 1.32 to 6.17) compared with men who did not think that they were intentionally infected. After adjusting for confounders, there was no statistically significant association between perceived intentional transmission and viral suppression.ConclusionsIntervention programmes for MSM living with HIV who thought they were infected intentionally are warranted and should aim to attenuate depressive symptoms and sexual compulsivity.

Binge Drinking, Tobacco, and Marijuana Use Among Young Adult Childhood Cancer Survivors: A Longitudinal Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 104345422110110
Author(s):  
Christopher Cappelli ◽  
Kimberly A. Miller ◽  
Anamara Ritt-Olson ◽  
Mary A. Pentz ◽  
Sofia Salahpour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Binge Drinking ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Marijuana Use ◽  
Childhood Cancer Survivors ◽  
Clinical Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Over Time

Objectives: Substance use among young adult childhood cancer survivors (YACCSs) has been found to increase during survivorship, resulting in increased risk of developing long-term negative health outcomes. This investigation sought to determine various risk and protective factors of tobacco, alcohol, or marijuana use over time among a sample of YACCSs. Methods: 127 YACCSs (57% Hispanic, 55% female, average age at diagnosis 12.4 years) who were diagnosed with any cancer type (except Hodgkin lymphoma) at two large pediatric medical centers in Los Angeles County between 2000 and 2007 responded to two surveys separated by ∼5 years. Bivariate logistic regression models were used to assess independent clinical and psychosocial Time 1 variables associated with each substance use outcome at Time 2. Time 1 variables significant at p < .10 were included in multivariable logistic regression models for each Time 2 substance use variable. Results: Rates of 30-day use increased over time for binge drinking alcohol (from 25.6% to 37.7%), marijuana (from 10.6% to 22.1%), and cigarette/tobacco (from 8.9% to 12.2%). Of the following Time 1 variables, marijuana use, cigarette use, and binge drinking were associated with Time 2 marijuana, cigarette, and binge drinking, respectively. Of the following clinical factors, receipt of more intensive cancer treatment was associated with decreased tobacco use. All other psychosocial and clinical factors analyzed were not associated with any increase or decrease in substance use. Conclusions: A greater emphasis on early health education efforts regarding the health risks of tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana use is needed in this at-risk population.

scholarly journals Religious Affiliation, Informal Participation, and Network Support Associated With Substance Use: Differences Across Age Groups

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 656-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuba Demir-Dagdas ◽  
Stephanie T. Child
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Middle Age ◽  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Religious Involvement ◽  
Marijuana Use ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Network Support ◽  
Age Cohorts

Background. Associations between religious involvement and substance use are well established. However, limited research examines the effects of religious affiliation, informal participation, and network support on substance use among two distinct age cohorts. Objectives. This study aims to examine whether religious affiliation, informal participation, and network support are associated with alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana use among young and late middle-age adults. Method. The UC Berkeley Social Networks Study (Wave 1, 2015) offers novel cohort data on young (21-30 years old, n = 483) and late middle-age (50-70 years old, n = 673) adults. Poisson regression models were used to predict alcohol use, while logistic regression models were used to predict odds of smoking and marijuana use. Results. Among young adults, membership in a religious organization was associated with less alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana use. Conversely, participating in informal organizations was associated with more alcohol and marijuana use. Desiring more people to talk to and get together with were associated with more smoking and drinking, respectively. However, wishing more people to ask for help was associated with less substance use altogether. In a similar pattern, among older adults, religious involvement was associated with less alcohol and marijuana use. Desiring more people to ask for help was also related to less marijuana use. Conclusion. Younger adult participation in informal groups serves to encourage social substance use. In contrast, older people are more involved in religious groups, which support social behaviors that do not include substance use.

scholarly journals Optimization of Game Formats in U-10 Soccer Using Logistic Regression Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Amatria ◽  
Daniel Lapresa ◽  
Javier Arana ◽  
M. Teresa Anguera ◽  
Belén Garzón
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Learning Needs ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Game Format ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Simple Logistic

AbstractSmall-sided games provide young soccer players with better opportunities to develop their skills and progress as individual and team players. There is, however, little evidence on the effectiveness of different game formats in different age groups, and furthermore, these formats can vary between and even within countries. The Royal Spanish Soccer Association replaced the traditional grassroots 7-a-side format (F-7) with the 8-a-side format (F-8) in the 2011-12 season and the country’s regional federations gradually followed suit. The aim of this observational methodology study was to investigate which of these formats best suited the learning needs of U-10 players transitioning from 5-aside futsal. We built a multiple logistic regression model to predict the success of offensive moves depending on the game format and the area of the pitch in which the move was initiated. Success was defined as a shot at the goal. We also built two simple logistic regression models to evaluate how the game format influenced the acquisition of technicaltactical skills. It was found that the probability of a shot at the goal was higher in F-7 than in F-8 for moves initiated in the Creation Sector-Own Half (0.08 vs 0.07) and the Creation Sector-Opponent's Half (0.18 vs 0.16). The probability was the same (0.04) in the Safety Sector. Children also had more opportunities to control the ball and pass or take a shot in the F-7 format (0.24 vs 0.20), and these were also more likely to be successful in this format (0.28 vs 0.19).

scholarly journals Early Adolescents and Substance Use

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raimondo Maria Pavarin ◽  
Dario Consonni
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Abuse ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Reciprocal Relationship ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression ◽  
Logistic Regression Models

1300 students (54.3% girls) 13–16 years old were interviewed in the urban area of Bologna during 2010. Random effect multiple logistic regression models were used. Results show a reciprocal relationship between alcohol use, tobacco, and cannabis. Most users were offered cannabis, began using at 14 years of age, and do not believe using is very dangerous. They live with only one parent, have more than 50 euros of spending money per month, and abuse alcohol, abuse that increases relative to the intensity of cigarette smoking. Legal/illegal dichotomy seems to overturn, where alcohol becomes a “drug” and the use of tobacco, similar to other drugs, is motivated as a solution to reduce anxiety, combat boredom, relax, and to ease loneliness.

POLYSUBSTANCE USE IN INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S54-S55
Author(s):  
Kaleb Bogale ◽  
Kent Vrana ◽  
Wesley Raup-Konsavage ◽  
Vonn Walter ◽  
August Stuart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Polysubstance Use ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Abstract Background Polysubstance Use (PSU), the use of two or more substances of abuse, has been associated with increased risk for development of psychiatric conditions and early death compared to both monosubstance use or no substance use. The vast majority of clinical research on prescription or recreational drug consumption in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including both Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), has focused on use of individual substances. We evaluated the incidence and impact of PSU in IBD and assessed potential predisposing factors in this setting. Methods We performed a retrospective analysis using a consented IBD natural history registry from a single tertiary care referral center between 1/1/2015–8/31/2019. Demographics, endoscopic severity (using Mayo endoscopy sub-score for UC and Simple Endoscopic Score for CD), totals and sub-scores of surveys (Harvey-Bradshaw Index, Simple Clinical Colitis Activity Index, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Short IBD Questionnaire) assessing for symptoms (abdominal pain, fatigue, anxiety/depression, gas, diarrhea, rectal bleeding, and fecal urgency), substance use (tobacco, alcohol, marijuana, cocaine, methamphetamine, heroin, opiates, or benzodiazepine), and antidepressant or anxiolytic medication were abstracted. PSU was defined as concurrent use of two or more non-prescription drugs or substances, and healthcare resource utilization was defined as any IBD-related imaging, emergency room visit, hospitalization, or surgery over the prior 12 months. We computed descriptive statistics and performed contingency table analyses in order to identify associations between PSU and a variety of demographic and clinical characteristics. Multivariable logistic regression models were fit incorporating the clinical factors described above. Results 315 consecutively enrolled IBD patients (166f:149m; 214 CD and 101 UC) were included. Sixty-six patients (21.0%) were polysubstance users. Of these patients, 40.9% had moderate to severe disease activity, 47.0% had extra-intestinal manifestations (EIM), and 36.4% demonstrated an anxious or depressed state. EIM and antidepressant or anxiolytic use were positively associated with PSU on bivariate analysis (Table 1) and multivariable analysis (Table 2). Conclusions PSU is common in IBD, including both CD and UC. Interestingly, disease activity, IBD therapy type, and IBD-related symptoms were not associated with PSU. EIM and antidepressant or anxiolytic use were the only statistically significant predictors of PSU among patients with IBD in the multivariable logistic regression models. Our study represents the first evaluation of PSU within IBD and reinforces the importance of appropriate substance use screening among IBD patients, particularly among those with EIM and antidepressant or anxiolytic use.

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