scholarly journals Identifying subgroups within at-risk populations that drive late HIV diagnosis in a Southern U.S. state

2020 ◽  
pp. 095646242094756
Author(s):  
Sabina O Nduaguba ◽  
Kentya H Ford ◽  
James P Wilson ◽  
Kenneth A Lawson ◽  
Robert L Cook
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Hiv Diagnosis ◽  
Interaction Terms ◽  
Late Hiv Diagnosis ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
At Risk Populations ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Aids Diagnosis ◽  
Racial Ethnic

We aimed to identify subgroups within age, racial/ethnic, and transmission categories that drive increased risk for late HIV diagnosis (LHD). A 1996–2013 retrospective study of HIV-diagnosed individuals (N = 77,844) was conducted. The proportion of individuals with LHD (AIDS diagnosis within 365 days of HIV diagnosis) was determined, stratified by age, race/ethnicity, and transmission category. Logistic regression with interaction terms was used to identify groups/subgroups at risk for LHD during 1996–2001, 2002–2007, and 2008–2013. Respectively, 78%, 27%, 38%, and 31% were male, White, Black, and Hispanic. Overall, 39% had LHD with a 6.7% reduction for each year increase (OR = 0.93, 95% CI = 0.93–0.94, p < 0.01). Older age was significantly associated with increased odds of LHD (OR range = 1.90–4.55). Compared to their White counterparts, all Hispanic transmission categories (OR range = 1.31–2.58) and only Black female heterosexuals and men who have sex with men (MSM) (OR range = 1.14–1.33) had significantly higher odds of LHD during 1996–2001 and/or 2002–2007. Significance was limited to Hispanic MSM (all age categories), MSM/IDUs (30–59 years), and heterosexuals (18–29 years) and Black MSM (30–39 years) during 2008–2013. Older individuals and Hispanics (driven by MSM) are at increased risk for LHD. HIV testing interventions directed at seniors and Hispanic MSM can further reduce rates of LHD.

scholarly journals Infrequent HIV Testing and Late HIV Diagnosis Are Common Among a Cohort of Black Men Who Have Sex With Men in 6 US Cities

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 438-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon B. Mannheimer ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Leo Wilton ◽  
Hong Van Tieu ◽  
Carlos del Rio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Black Men ◽  
Hiv Diagnosis ◽  
Late Hiv Diagnosis ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Us Cities

At-Risk Groups of Men Who Have Sex With Men Can Be Reached Through Community-Based HIV Testing in Denmark

2021 ◽  
pp. 361-371
Author(s):  
Holger Nordstr⊘m Munck ◽  
Tavs Qvist ◽  
Marie Helleberg ◽  
Per Slaaen Kaye ◽  
Francois Pichon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Anal Sex ◽  
Community Based ◽  
At Risk Populations ◽  
Conventional Health Care ◽  
Sex With Men

This study evaluates whether the community-based HIV testing clinic Checkpoint could reach at-risk groups of men who have sex with men (MSM) and link patients to care. A prospective observational study of all Checkpoint visits during 2013–2016 and a retrospective registry study of all MSM diagnosed with HIV in Denmark during the same period were conducted. One percent of the 9,074 tests in Checkpoint were HIV-positive, accounting for 19% of all new HIV diagnoses among MSM in Denmark. Checkpoint testers reported frequent condomless anal sex. Two percent of migrant Checkpoint testers were HIV-positive compared to 1% among Danish MSM. HIV-positive MSM identified through Checkpoint were significantly younger, more of them were migrant, and a smaller proportion were late testers compared to those testing through the conventional health care system. Checkpoint reaches at-risk populations of MSM and links patients successfully to care.

scholarly journals Trends in late HIV diagnosis among men who have sex with men in Jiangsu province, China: Results from four consecutive community-based surveys, 2011-2014

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. e0172664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiyang Hu ◽  
Hongjing Yan ◽  
Xiaoyan Liu ◽  
Xiaoqin Xu ◽  
Jinshui Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Jiangsu Province ◽  
Hiv Diagnosis ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Late Hiv Diagnosis ◽  
Sex With Men

Value of targeting at-risk populations at outreach venues: findings from a local sauna

2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 642-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Arumainayagam ◽  
R Grimshaw ◽  
S Acharya ◽  
S Chandramani ◽  
I A Morrall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infection ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
At Risk Populations ◽  
Sex With Men

An assessment of the need to increase access to an outreach venue, the local sauna in Walsall, UK, frequented only by men who have sex with men, was undertaken. A case-notes review of the clients who attended the monthly outreach sessions at the sauna in the year 2007 was performed. Among the 287 men seen at the 12 outreach sessions, 37% had a sexually transmitted infection (STI). Of those tested positive, 88% had never had a previous STI. Twenty-one men had syphilis and a further six tested positive for HIV. Hepatitis B vaccination was completed for 41% of the clients seen. Those who tested positive for an STI said they would not have attended a conventional setting but accepted screening at the sauna. This confirmed the need to increase access at this outreach venue, and further funding has now been provided to have outreach sessions twice a month.

What Shapes Late HIV Diagnosis in Vietnam? A Qualitative Investigation of Multilevel Factors

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 450-463
Author(s):  
Thu Trang Nguyen ◽  
Anh Ngoc Luong ◽  
Thi Dieu Thuy Dao ◽  
Nicolas Nagot ◽  
Didier Laureillard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Hiv Treatment ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Structural Level ◽  
Key Populations ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Hiv Diagnosis ◽  
Cd4 Counts ◽  
Late Hiv Diagnosis ◽  
Increased Risk

Late HIV treatment remains a global public health issue despite significant efforts. To better understand what shapes this issue, we interviewed 36 Vietnamese ART-naive patients who came to HIV treatment in 2017. Half of them had intake CD4 counts fewer than 100 cells/mm3, the others had intake CD4 counts of 350 cells/mm3 and above. Late diagnosis was the reason of late treatment in our sample. Most late presenters were not members of the key populations at increased risk of HIV (e.g., people who inject drugs, commercial sex workers, and men who have sex with men). Individual-level factors included low risk appraisal, habit of self-medication, and fear of stigma. Network and structural-level factors included challenges to access quality health care, normalization of HIV testing in key populations and inconsistent provider-initiated HIV testing practices. Structural interventions coupled with existing key population-targeted strategies would improve the issue of late HIV diagnosis.

At-Risk Groups of Men Who Have Sex With Men can be Reached Through Community-Based HIV Testing in Denmark

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 439-449
Author(s):  
Holger Nordstrom Munck ◽  
Tavs Qvist ◽  
Marie Helleberg ◽  
Per Slaaen Kaye ◽  
Francois Pichon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Anal Sex ◽  
Community Based ◽  
At Risk Populations ◽  
Conventional Health Care ◽  
Sex With Men

This study evaluates whether the community-based HIV testing clinic Checkpoint could reach at-risk groups of men who have sex with men (MSM) and link patients to care. A prospective observational study of all Checkpoint visits during 2013–2016 and a retrospective registry study of all MSM diagnosed with HIV in Denmark during the same period were conducted. One percent of the 9,074 tests in Checkpoint were HIV-positive, accounting for 19% of all new HIV diagnoses among MSM in Denmark. Checkpoint testers reported frequent condomless anal sex. Two percent of migrant Checkpoint testers were HIV-positive compared to 1 % among Danish MSM. HIV-positive MSM identified through Checkpoint were significantly younger, more of them were migrant, and a smaller proportion were late testers compared to those testing through the conventional health care system. Checkpoint reaches at-risk populations of MSM and links patients successfully to care.

scholarly journals Racial/ethnic disparities in delayed HIV diagnosis among men who have sex with men, Florida, 2000–2014

AIDS Care ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana M. Sheehan ◽  
Mary Jo Trepka ◽  
Kristopher P. Fennie ◽  
Guillermo Prado ◽  
Gladys Ibanez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Hiv Diagnosis ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Racial Ethnic

scholarly journals Outbreak of hepatitis A virus infection in Taiwan, June 2015 to September 2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (14) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan-Chin Chen ◽  
Po-Hsun Chiang ◽  
Yu-Hsin Liao ◽  
Lin-Ching Huang ◽  
Ying-Jung Hsieh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Hepatitis A Virus ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Illness Onset ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Acute Hepatitis A ◽  
At Risk Populations ◽  
Sex With Men

The Taiwan Centers for Disease Control (CDC) were notified of increasing acute hepatitis A (AHA) in June 2015. Serum and/or stool from AHA patients and sewage samples were tested for hepatitis A virus (HAV). We defined outbreak cases as AHA patients with illness onset after June 2015 and with an HAV sequence less than 0.5% different from that of the TA-15 outbreak strain. We analysed characteristics and food exposures between outbreak and non-outbreak cases between January 2014 (start of enhanced surveillance) and February 2016. From June 2015 to September 2017, there were 1,563 AHA patients with a median age of 31 years (interquartile range (IQR): 26–38); the male-to-female ratio was 8.8 and 585 (37%) had human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. TA-15 was detected in 82% (852/1,033) of AHA patients, and 14% (74/540) of sewage samples tested since July 2015. Infection with the TA-15 strain was associated with having HIV, sexually transmitted infections (STI), recent oral-anal sex and men who have sex with men (MSM). The Taiwan CDC implemented an HAV vaccine campaign starting from October 2016 where 62% (15,487/24,879) of people at risk were vaccinated against HAV. We recommend HAV vaccination for at-risk populations and continuous surveillance to monitor control measures.

scholarly journals Neurosyphilis: Old Disease, New Implications for Emergency Physicians

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Mercurio ◽  
Lynn Taylor ◽  
Angela Jarman
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Cranial Nerve ◽  
Emergency Physicians ◽  
Hiv Diagnosis ◽  
Neurologic Deficits ◽  
Epidemiologic Data ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Sex With Men

Recent epidemiologic data demonstrate increasing rates of neurosyphilis, particularly among those in the community of men who have sex with men and those coinfected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Here we discuss a case of early neurosyphilis and new HIV diagnosis in a 27-year-old previously-healthy trans woman presenting for the second time with progressive, ascending weakness and cranial nerve VI palsy. Emergency physicians should consider this rare but highly morbid diagnosis, given the rising prevalence of neurosyphilis among at-risk patients and those with new neurologic deficits.

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