The impact of China's financial expenditure on energy and carbon emission efficiency: Applying a meta-dynamic non-radial directional distance function

2021 ◽  
pp. 0958305X2110539
Author(s):  
Zhenhua Xie ◽  
Xiangyu Teng ◽  
Fan-peng Liu ◽  
Yung-ho Chiu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Distance Function ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Directional Distance Function ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Unbalanced Growth ◽  
Emission Efficiency ◽  
Financial Expenditure ◽  
The Impact

China is the world's largest energy consumer and carbon emitter, but despite unbalanced growth among the eastern, central, and western regions, local financial expenditure on energy conservation and environmental protection has increased from 255.1 billion yuan in 2011 to 582.5 billion yuan in 2018. This research thus introduces financial expenditure like a new input into a dynamic meta-frontier non-radial directional distance function to evaluate China's energy and carbon emission efficiency over that period of time. Different from previous studies, after considering financial expenditure we find that most provinces have narrowed their gap with the benchmark frontier, reflecting that increasing financial expenditure does help improve energy and carbon emission efficiency. The results highlight that most provinces should increase their financial expenditure on energy conservation and environmental protection, especially in the central and western regions, so as to narrow their technology gap with the eastern region.

scholarly journals Measurement of the Degree of Coordination in Regard to Carbon Emissions, Economic Development, and Environmental Protection in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1750
Author(s):  
Chenyu Lu ◽  
Dai Wang ◽  
Hengji Li ◽  
Wei Cheng ◽  
Xianglong Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Spatial Aggregation ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Emission Efficiency ◽  
Coordination Development ◽  
Coordination Degree

Driven by economic development, the dramatic increase in carbon emissions has led to global warming and a series of environmental problems. The question of how to ensure harmonized coordination between economic development, carbon emissions and environmental protection has become increasingly important. The conflicts between the use of energy and emission reductions in China have become more intense. It is an inevitable requirement for China’s sustainable development to promote a low-carbon circular economy and the simultaneous and coordinated development of carbon emissions, the economy and the environment. The present study took 30 provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions directly under the Central Government) as the research objects (Tibet, Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan are not included in the study due to the lack of relevant data), and applied quantitative analysis methods, such as three-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA) models, coupling coordination degree models and spatial analysis models, to construct a measurement index system. On the basis of the measurement of its carbon emission efficiency, the level of China’s coordination degree in regard to carbon emissions, economic development, and environmental protection at both spatial and temporal dimensions was analyzed comprehensively in order to reveal its temporal and spatial characteristics. The conclusions are as follows: (1) China’s overall carbon emission efficiency displayed a gradual upward trend, although the overall level was not that high. Therefore, there is still much scope for further improvement. (2) The level of China’s coordination degree in regard to carbon emissions, economic development, and environmental protection showed a steady yet rising trend. All provinces reached different levels of coordination development, and there was no province that displayed a disorderly declining trend. However, the number of provinces that reached or went beyond the intermediate level of coordination development was quite limited. (3) The level of China’s coordination degree in regard to carbon emissions, economic development, and environmental protection displayed obvious spatial aggregation patterns at the provincial level, showing an apparent spatial dependence and heterogeneity. Over time, the level of spatial aggregation patterns in regard to coordination degree tended to weaken. Overall, the values were high in the eastern region and low in the western region, decreasing from the eastern coastal zone towards the western inland zone, thus demonstrating a contrasting east-west spatial distribution pattern.

scholarly journals Impact of Population Aging on Carbon Emission in China: A Panel Data Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 2458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weidong Li ◽  
Xin Qi ◽  
Xiaojun Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Stirpat Model ◽  
The Impact

The impact of population structure on carbon emission has always been a key area of research in modern society. In this paper, we propose a new expanded STIRPAT model and panel co-integration method to analyze the relationship between population aging and carbon emission, based on the provincial panel data in China from 1999 to 2014. Empirical results show that there exists a significant inverted U-shaped curve between the population aging and carbon emission. There also exist regional discrepancies, where the impact of the population aging on carbon emission in the eastern region is significantly positive. By contrast, a negative relationship arises in the central and western regions. Finally, several suggestions for low carbon development are provided.

scholarly journals Does Emission Trading Improve Carbon Emission Efficiency of China’s Iron and Steel Industry? An Exploration Using a DEA-SBM and Difference-In-Differences Approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiping Wang ◽  
Sujing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Steel Industry ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Emission Trading ◽  
Energy Structure ◽  
Iron And Steel Industry ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Difference In Differences ◽  
Iron And Steel ◽  
Emission Efficiency ◽  
The Impact

Abstract As an effective tool of carbon emission reduction, emission trading has been widely used in many countries. Since 2013, China implemented carbon emission trading in seven provinces and cities, with iron and steel industry included in the first batch of pilot industries. This study attempts to explore the policy effect of emission trading on iron and steel industry in order to provide data and theoretical support for the low-carbon development of iron and steel industry as well as the optimization of carbon market. With panel data of China’s 29 provinces from 2006 to 2017, this study adopted a DEA-SBM model to measure carbon emission efficiency of China’s iron and steel industry (CEI) and a difference-in-differences (DID) method to explore the impact of emission trading on CEI. Moreover, regional heterogeneity and influencing mechanisms were further investigated, respectively. The results indicate that: (1) China's emission trading has a significant and sustained effect on carbon abatement of iron and steel industry, increasing the annual average CEI by 12.6% in pilot provinces. (2) The policy effects are heterogeneous across diverse regions. Higher impacts are found in the western and eastern regions, whereas the central region is not significant. (3) Emission trading improves CEI by stimulating technology innovation, reducing energy intensity, and adjusting energy structure. (4) Economic level and industrial structure are negatively related to CEI, while environmental governance and openness degree have no obvious impacts. Finally, according to the results and conclusions, some specific suggestions are proposed.

scholarly journals Analysis and Evaluation of the Regional Characteristics of Carbon Emission Efficiency for China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 3138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinkai Li ◽  
Jingjing Ma ◽  
Wei Wei
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Government Regulation ◽  
Industrial Structure ◽  
Western China ◽  
Energy Structure ◽  
Analysis And Evaluation ◽  
Emission Efficiency ◽  
Technological Efficiency ◽  
The Impact

To promote economic and social development with reduced carbon dioxide emissions, the key lies in determining how to improve carbon emission efficiency (CEE). We first measured the CEE of each province by using the input-oriented three-stage Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and DEA-Malmquist model for the panel data of 30 provinces in China during 2000–2017. Then we explored the CEE differences and characteristics of different regions obtained by using hierarchical clustering of each province’s CEE. Finally, based on the regression model, we conducted an empirical analysis of the impact of each factor of total factor productivity (TFP) on CEE. The main findings of this research are as follows: (1) The industrial structure, energy structure, government regulation, technological innovation, and openness had a significant impact on CEE; (2) The variation trends of CEE and TFP in the eight regions we studied were convergent, while the variations of CEE among regions were diverse and all distributed stably in different ranges; (3) The eight regions’ efficiency basically showed a downward trend of eastern, central and western China; (4) Technological regression was the main reason for the decline in TFP. Technological progress and technological efficiency can contribute to an improvement in CEE. Based on the findings above, we provide decision-making references for comprehensively improving the efficiency of various regions and accelerating China’s energy conservation, emissions reduction, and coordinated development.

scholarly journals An Analysis of the Impact of Market Segmentation on Energy Efficiency: A Spatial Econometric Model Applied in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7659
Author(s):  
Liangjun Yi ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Yuanxin Liu ◽  
Weilin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Market Segmentation ◽  
Geographically Weighted Regression ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Weighted Regression ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Geographically Weighted Regression Model ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Impact

China’s recent development has been nothing short of remarkable, but energy-saving, and environmental protection is still a serious problem. The improvement of energy efficiency (EE) is an important factor for China to better follow the path of energy conservation, sustainable development, and environmental protection. Meanwhile, market segmentation is a unique phenomenon in the process of China’s economic development. Hence, studying market segmentation on energy efficiency has positive significance for improving energy efficiency. The major objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between EE and market segmentation. This paper measures market segmentation by the Price-Based Approach, calculating EE by super slack-based measure (super-SBM), and integrated spatial Durbin model and geographically weighted regression model. Based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 1995 to 2018, this paper finds that: (1) Regional market segmentation has a significant negative effect on EE. Moreover, in terms of spatial effect, market segmentation has a positive spatial spillover on EE estimated by 0-1 matrix suggesting that market segmentation in the surrounding area has a positive impact on local EE. (2) The negative effect of Market segmentation on EE demonstrates the obvious regional difference: Eastern region > central region > western region. In addition, geographically weighted regression results show that the impact of market segmentation on EE shows that in regional spatial distribution, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Anhui have the strongest negative effect, second in Fujian, Jiangxi, Shandong, Henan, Hubei, Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei. (3) This paper confirms that market segmentation can affect EE through local protectionism, technological difference, and scale effect. Finally, through the above research basis, put forward the corresponding policy suggestions.

scholarly journals Assessing the impact of mechanism of green public consumption policy on environmental equity: evidence from China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunmei Li ◽  
Abbas Ali Chandio ◽  
Usman Farooq ◽  
Jam Ghulam Murtaza Sahito ◽  
Ge He
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Fiscal Decentralization ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Environmental Equity ◽  
Bootstrap Analysis ◽  
Public Consumption ◽  
Fiscal Expenditure ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThis study investigates the impact of the mechanism of green public consumption policy on environmental equity and provides a feasible reference for the rational formulation of corresponding policies for China. Establish a mediation effect model using the stepwise regression and bootstrap analysis method, this study explores the direct and indirect effects of fiscal expenditure intensity on environmental equity. The results revealed that increasing fiscal expenditure on energy conservation and environmental protection cannot directly and significantly affect environmental equity, but it has a significant indirect positive impact on environmental equality through fiscal decentralization. It is also found that the impact of green public consumption policy on environmental equity varies in the eastern, central and western parts of China. Our findings indicated that the expenditure of energy conservation and environmental protection indirectly affects environmental equity through fiscal decentralization. The willingness of the government to protect the environment regulates the impact of green public consumption policies on environmental equity. The phenomenon of feeding the east from the west of resources and environment is obvious. According to the characteristics of regional development, we should formulate energy conservation and environmental protection policies and adjust the direction of policies to promote regional environmental equity.

scholarly journals Efficiency Evaluation and Influencing Factors of Government Financial Expenditure on Environmental Protection: An SBM Super-efficiency Model Based on Undesired Outputs

2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-150
Author(s):  
Su Jialu ◽  
◽  
Ma Zhiqiang ◽  
Li Mingxing ◽  
Fredrick Oteng Agyeman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Environmental Governance ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Super Efficiency ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Financial Expenditure ◽  
The Government

In recent years, the adoption of the precise approach for coordinating socio-economic growth and environmental protection to attain sustainable development has become an urgent challenge to be addressed in China. The current development of environmental governance and the efficiency of government financial expenditure on environmental protection (EPEE) deserves enormous attention. With the aid of the provincial panel data, this study emphasized on the use of the SBM super-efficiency model based on unexpected output to quantify the efficiency of China’s government expenditure on environmental protection from 2013-2018 and constructed the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression model to investigate the influencing factors of the government expenditure on environmental protection. The results of the efficiency measurement portray that the aggregate EPEE in China is unsatisfactory. The efficiency value for the western region is greater than that of the central and eastern regions, while the values obtained from the eastern region are above that of the central region. Population size and urbanization level have negative implications on the efficiency value, while the regional economic development level positively promotes the efficiency of the government expenditure on environmental protection. Finally, the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions for policy implementation are outlined accordingly.

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