Do newspapers preferentially cover biomedical studies involving national scientists?

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Estelle Dumas-Mallet ◽  
Aran Tajika ◽  
Andy Smith ◽  
Thomas Boraud ◽  
Toshiaki A. Furukawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Observational Studies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Alternative Interpretation ◽  
Value Theory ◽  
Science Journalism ◽  
National Team ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Team Working ◽  
News Value ◽  
Newspaper Articles

News value theory rates geographical proximity as an important factor in the process of issue selection by journalists. But does this apply to science journalism? Previous observational studies investigating whether newspapers preferentially cover scientific studies involving national scientists have generated conflicting answers. Here we used a database of 123 biomedical studies, 113 of them involving at least one research team working in eight countries (Australia, Canada, France, Ireland, Japan, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and the United States). We compiled all the newspaper articles covering these 123 studies and published in English, French, and Japanese languages. In all eight countries, we found that newspapers preferentially covered studies involving a national team. Moreover, these “national” studies on average gave rise to a larger number of newspaper articles than “foreign” studies. Finally, our study resolves the conflict with previous conclusions by providing an alternative interpretation of published observations.

Report of a Workshop on Theoretical and Observational Studies of Polar Lows” of the European Geophysical Society Polar Lows Working Group

1997 ◽  
Vol 78 (11) ◽  
pp. 2643-2658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunther Heinemann ◽  
Chantal Claud
Keyword(s):  
Observational Studies ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
The United States ◽  
Weddell Sea ◽  
Polar Lows ◽  
Norwegian Sea ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Polar Low ◽  
Working Groups ◽  
Northern And Southern Hemispheres

A workshop on theoretical and observational studies of polar lows was held in St. Petersburg, Russia, 23–26 September 1996. An international group with scientists and students from Canada, Denmark, Germany, Norway, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States participated in the workshop. The papers presented covered the fields of climatological studies, studies using numerical models, and satellite studies for the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. Two polar low cases were investigated in more detail during working groups sessions: The polar low “Le Cygne” occurring 13–16 October 1993 over the Norwegian Sea, and a Southern Hemisphere polar low occurring 30 July–1 August 1986 over the Weddell Sea. Programs related to polar low research were presented in order to coordinate the international efforts in investigating polar mesocyclones. The workshop showed the progress achieved by using 1) the synergetic combination of the satellite data presently available, and 2) mesoscale numerical models for the understanding of the development and the physical processes of polar mesocyclones.

Mohsin Hamid's War on Error: The Reluctant Fundamentalist as a Post-Truth Novel

CounterText ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 256-280
Author(s):  
Nazry Bahrawi
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Political Discourse ◽  
The United States ◽  
Alternative Interpretation ◽  
Presidential Campaign ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Historical Text

In contemporary political discourse, the term ‘post-truth’ denotes rhetorical techniques often directed at garnering popular support. Post-truth techniques were, for instance, said to have characterised Donald Trump's presidential campaign in the United States as well as the Brexit lobby in the United Kingdom. This article proposes an alternative interpretation of ‘post-truth’, approaching it as a challenge to dominant systems of knowledge expressed through literary narratives. This essay puts forward a consideration of ‘decolonial post-truth’ as a rhetorical technique inspired by Walter Mignolo's concept of decoloniality. In so doing, it engages with the countertextual through the ways in which literariness travels from the novel into everyday politics. Seeking to demonstrate the workings of decolonial post-truth through a close reading of Mohsin Hamid's The Reluctant Fundamentalist (2007), the essay positions the novel as a counter-historical text that challenges the truisms that breathe life into 9/11 Islamophobia.

Effectiveness of Programs for the Prevention of Child Sexual Abuse

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amaia Del Campo ◽  
Marisalva Fávero
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Prevention Programs ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sexual Abuse Prevention ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Methodological Considerations

Abstract. During the last decades, several studies have been conducted on the effectiveness of sexual abuse prevention programs implemented in different countries. In this article, we present a review of 70 studies (1981–2017) evaluating prevention programs, conducted mostly in the United States and Canada, although with a considerable presence also in other countries, such as New Zealand and the United Kingdom. The results of these studies, in general, are very promising and encourage us to continue this type of intervention, almost unanimously confirming its effectiveness. Prevention programs encourage children and adolescents to report the abuse experienced and they may help to reduce the trauma of sexual abuse if there are victims among the participants. We also found that some evaluations have not considered the possible negative effects of this type of programs in the event that they are applied inappropriately. Finally, we present some methodological considerations as critical analysis to this type of evaluations.

Creating a ‘Masala’ Self: Bicultural Identity in Desi Young Adult Novels

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Superle
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Young People ◽  
Identity Development ◽  
Small Body ◽  
The United States ◽  
Young Adult Fiction ◽  
Bicultural Identity ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Institutional Forces ◽  
Cultural Identity Development

In the past two decades, the previously silent voices of diasporic Indian writers for young people have emerged, and a small body of texts has begun to develop in the United States and the United Kingdom. One of the major preoccupations of these texts is cultural identity development, especially in the novels published for a young adult audience, which often feature protagonists in the throes of an identity crisis. For example, the novels The Roller Birds of Rampur (1991) by Indi Rana, Born Confused (2002) by Tanuja Desai Hidier, and The Not-So-Star-Spangled Life of Sunita Sen (2005) by Mitali Perkins all focus on an adolescent girl coping with her bicultural identity with angst and confusion, and delineate the ways her self-concept and relationships are affected. The texts are empowering in their suggestion that young people have the agency to explore and create their own balanced bicultural identities, but like other young adult fiction, they ultimately situate adolescents within insurmountable institutional forces that are much more powerful than any individual.

Science, Politics, and the Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 119 (820) ◽  
pp. 303-309
Author(s):  
J. Nicholas Ziegler
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Political Leadership ◽  
The United States ◽  
Scientific Advice ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Effective Policy ◽  
Scientific Expertise ◽  
The Uk

Comparing the virus responses in Germany, the United Kingdom, and the United States shows that in order for scientific expertise to result in effective policy, rational political leadership is required. Each of these three countries is known for advanced biomedical research, yet their experiences in the COVID-19 pandemic diverged widely. Germany’s political leadership carefully followed scientific advice and organized public–private partnerships to scale up testing, resulting in relatively low infection levels. The UK and US political responses were far more erratic and less informed by scientific advice—and proved much less effective.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document