Modification of physical and functional characteristics of chitin extracted from microwave-treated Nelumbo nucifera rhizome flour

2021 ◽  
pp. 096739112110533
Author(s):  
Haq Nawaz ◽  
Rabia Mannan ◽  
Umar Nishan
Keyword(s):  
Functional Properties ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Hydrolytic Degradation ◽  
Microwave Treatment ◽  
Nelumbo Nucifera ◽  
Cell Wall Polysaccharide ◽  
Functional Characteristics ◽  
Extract Yield ◽  
Yield Structure ◽  
Iron Binding Capacity

Chitin, a cell wall polysaccharide, extracted from Nelumbo nucifera rhizome (NNR), was subjected to microwave treatment to modify its physical and functional characteristics. The NNR flour was irradiated at different levels of the microwave treatment period (1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 min). Chitin was extracted from the native and microwave-treated samples and analyzed for physical and functional characteristics. The microwave treatment resulted in some variations in the extract yield, structure, morphology, and composition of chitin that were directly correlated with its functional properties. Regression analysis of the data showed a significant ( p < 0.05) time-dependent linear decrease in extract yield, polynomial decrease in water-holding and swelling capacities, an exponential increase in oil holding, and an exponential decrease in iron-binding capacity of chitin extracted from microwave-treated flour. These variations in the studied functional properties may be due to microwave-induced hydrolytic degradation of chitin, structural rearrangements, and exposure of some lipophilic functional groups on the surface of chitin. The data would be a valuable contribution to the literature regarding microwave-induced modification in physical and functional characteristics of chitin present in N. nucifera rhizome and other plant-based biomaterials of industrial importance.

Herpesvirus infection as one of the causes of anemia

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
О. A. Uspenskaya ◽  
S. A. Spiridonova
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Herpesvirus Infection ◽  
Hemoglobin Content ◽  
Anemia Of Chronic Disease ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Iron Binding Capacity ◽  
Timely Treatment ◽  
Average Hemoglobin

Relevance. One of the causes of chronic disease is herpetic infection, lifelong persistence in the human body and activates the macrophage protection system, which leads to disruption of iron utilization by the cells of the hematopoietic system and the development of anemia of chronic disease. To prove the influence of herpesvirus infection on the occurrence of anemia of chronic disease.Materials and methods. The study involved 75 people suffering from herpes-viral infection. 3 groups were allocated: the frst group (25 people) received acyclovir 1 tablet (200 mg) 5 times a day, 5 days; The 2-nd group (25 people) used famvir for 1 tablet (250 mg) 2 times a day, 5 days; The third group (25 people) – famvir 1 tablet (250 mg) 2 times a day, 5 days and kagocel 2 tablets (12 mg) 3 times a day, 5 days.Result. All subjects examined at the time of treatment showed an increase in the content of IL 1β mRNK and TNF-α and a decrease in mRNK of IL 8 and IL 10; on day 14 of the study, a decrease in IL 1β mRNK and TNF-α mRNK and an increase in IL 10 mRNK. In the study of erythrocyte indices – the average volume of erythrocytes and the average hemoglobin content in erythrocyte and the parameters of iron-serum iron metabolism and the total iron binding capacity of the serum, slight deviations from the norm were obtained.Conclusions. Thus, we concluded that the cause of anemia, in addition to the lack of iron, can be chronic herpesvirus infection, and thus timely treatment of a viral infection excludes the use of ferrotherapy.

Iron status of adolescent girls from two boarding schools in southern Benin

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 737-746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halimatou Alaofè ◽  
John Zee ◽  
Romain Dossa ◽  
Huguette Turgeon O’Brien
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Transferrin Saturation ◽  
Meat Consumption ◽  
Boarding Schools ◽  
Important Health ◽  
Iron Binding Capacity

AbstractIron deficiency (ID) is the most prevalent micronutrient deficiency in the world, particularly in developing countries. Blood samples and a qualitative FFQ on Fe- and vitamin C-rich foods were obtained in 180 adolescent girls aged 12 to 17 years living in two boarding schools from south Benin. ID, defined as serum ferritin either <20μg/l or 20–50μg/l, plus two of the following parameters: serum Fe<11μmol/l, total iron-binding capacity>73μmol/l or transferrin saturation<20%, was found in 32% of subjects. Anaemia (Hb<120g/l) was found in 51% of adolescents, while 24% suffered from iron-deficiency anaemia (IDA) (ID and Hb<20g/l). After adjusting for confounding factors (age, mother's and father's occupation, household size) in a logistic regression equation, subjects having a low meat consumption (beef, mutton, pork) (<4 times/week) were more than twice as likely to suffer from ID (OR=2·43; 95% CI 1·72, 3·35;P=0·04). Adolescents consuming less fruits (<4 times/week) also had a higher likelihood of suffering from ID (OR=1·53; 95% CI 1·31, 2·80;P=0·03). Finally, subjects whose meat consumption was low were twice as likely to suffer from IDA (OR=2·24; 95% CI 1·01, 4·96;P=0·04). The prevalence of ID represents an important health problem in these Beninese adolescent girls. A higher consumption of Fe-rich foods and of promoters of Fe absorption (meat factor and vitamin C) is recommended to prevent ID deficiency in these subjects.

PLASMA IRON AND IRON-BINDING CAPACITY

The Lancet ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 305 (7919) ◽  
pp. 1293
Author(s):  
Terry Hamblin
Keyword(s):  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Iron Binding ◽  
Plasma Iron ◽  
Iron Binding Capacity

Iron preparations for children

1966 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 9-11
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Blood Smear ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Iron Binding ◽  
Iron Stores ◽  
Plasma Iron ◽  
Hypochromic Anaemia ◽  
Iron Binding Capacity

We have discussed iron preparations for adults in earlier articles;1 much of the information applies equally to children. Iron is not a ‘tonic’ and should be given only to prevent or correct iron deficiency. Estimation of the haemoglobin and inspection of a blood smear are the minimum investigations necessary before iron is prescribed in therapy. When deficiency is suspected in the absence of hypochromic anaemia, plasma iron and iron-binding capacity should be estimated and/or the bone marrow examined for haemosiderin crystals which disappear when iron stores are depleted.

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