India’s Child Brides and Youngest Mothers: Beyond Popular Perceptions

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Apala Saha
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Mothers ◽  
North India ◽  
Rural India ◽  
Regional Pattern ◽  
Population Groups ◽  
The Third ◽  
Regional Location ◽  
Child Brides ◽  
East West

Over one million girls in India are married off before they turn 15 years of age, and more than four hundred thousand among them bear children. This article aims to identify and locate regionally the youngest cohort of child brides and adolescent mothers. It seeks to highlight the associated complexities and challenges of this feature in the country using Census of India, 2011 data. The analysis shows that, at first level, this phenomenon represents in a broad east-west regional pattern; in the second level of disaggregation, it emerges in rural Rajasthan and urban parts of Gujarat and Maharashtra and, in the third level, it emerges in particular pockets like Bhilwara, Ajmer, Chittaurgarh, Tonk, Ahmedabad, Kheda and Gandhinagar. This article shows that the incidence of the phenomenon of child brides does not reflect a clear linkage with the regional location of population groups such as north India or rural India. The popular characterisation of this feature on regional lines fails to spot its incidence across the country and undermines the gravity of the issue in almost every district.

The Third East-West Philosophers' Conference

1960 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-37
Author(s):  
Paul W. Kurtz ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The Third ◽  
East West

Eliminating the major tornado threat in Tornado Alley

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (22) ◽  
pp. 1450175 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Tao
Keyword(s):  
Air Flow ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
South Texas ◽  
Lower Atmosphere ◽  
Air Mass ◽  
Cold Air ◽  
American Midwest ◽  
The Third ◽  
Tornado Outbreaks ◽  
East West

The 2013 devastating tornadoes in Oklahoma, Illinois and other states in Tornado Alley raise an important question: Can we do something to eliminate the major tornado threats in Tornado Alley? Violent tornadoes in Tornado Alley start from the clash-between northbound warm air flow and southbound cold air flow. As there is no mountain in Tornado Alley ranging from west to east to weaken or block the air flows, some clashes are violent, creating vortex turbulence called supercells. These supercells are initially in horizontal spinning motion at the lower atmosphere and then tilt as the air turns to rise in the storm's updraft, creating a component of spin around a vertical axis. About 30% of supercells develop into tornadoes, causing tremendous damages. Here we show that if we build three east–west great walls in the American Midwest, 300 m high and 50 m wide, one in North Dakota, one passing Oklahoma to east and the third one in the south Texas and Louisiana, we will weaken or block such air mass clashes and therefore diminish the major tornado threat in the Tornado Alley forever. We may also first build such great walls locally at some areas with frequent devastating tornado outbreaks and then gradually extend them.

The role of the Third world in the East‐West relationship: II

1984 ◽  
Vol 24 (191) ◽  
pp. 50-57
Author(s):  
Helio Jaguaribe De Mattos
Keyword(s):  
Third World ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Third World ◽  
East West

scholarly journals Magnitude, characteristics and consequences of topical steroid misuse in rural North India: an observational study among dermatology outpatients

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. e032829
Author(s):  
Molly Thomas ◽  
Celestine C Wong ◽  
Pam Anderson ◽  
Nathan Grills
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Skin Disease ◽  
Topical Steroid ◽  
North India ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Rural India ◽  
Fixed Drug ◽  
Unrestricted Access ◽  
Skin Conditions ◽  
Regulatory Controls

IntroductionCurrent evidence indicates an alarming increase in topical steroid (TS) misuse in India. Data regarding the magnitude and characteristics of this problem in rural India, where 68% of the population resides, are insufficient. This study analyses the magnitude, causes, characteristics and consequences of TS misuse in rural India. It also examines the association between TS misuse and patients’ perception of skin disease.MethodsA mixed-method observational study was conducted among the attendees of the dermatology outpatient department in a rural North Indian hospital. Those with a history of TS misuse were analysed for behaviour patterns and outcome.ResultsOut of 723 patients, 213 (29.2%) misused TS. Clobetasol propionate (58.2%) was most commonly misused. Seventy brands of inappropriate fixed drug combination steroid creams were recovered from the patients. Pharmacists and local healers together contributed to 78% of the sources for steroid misuse. Almost 58% of participants perceived their skin conditions to be allergic reactions to food, when in fact 70.1% were tinea, 10% scabies and 9% acne. Eighty per cent of the respondents having tinea had tinea incognito and 97% had extensive lesions. Eighty-five per cent of the participants with scabies had atypical lesions and 80% with acne had steroid rosacea or aggravation of acne. The median expenditure incurred in purchasing these potentially harmful steroid creams was Rs 1000 (US$14.1, equivalent to 3 days’ wages of a labourer).ConclusionSteroid misuse is a problem of epidemic proportion in rural India. This practice is changing the profile of many common and infective skin conditions, which portends diagnostic dilemmas and therapeutic challenges for clinicians. Misconceptions about skin disease drive the public to seek ‘quick fixes’ from non-allopathic providers who have unrestricted access to potent steroids. There is an urgent need to tighten regulatory controls over the manufacturing, sale and prescription of irrational TS combinations.

Megarthrus of China. Part 1. Description of a new species resembling M. antennalis Cameron, 1941 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Proteininae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4750 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-276
Author(s):  
ZHIPING LIU ◽  
GIULIO CUCCODORO
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspot ◽  
North India ◽  
Hengduan Mountains ◽  
The Third ◽  
A New Species

Megarthrus chujiao Liu and Cuccodoro sp. nov., from Sichuan and Yunnan provinces in China is described and illustrated. It is the third record of the genus in the Hengduan Mountains, and the first endemic Megarthrus species from this temperate biodiversity hotspot. Megarthrus chujiao strongly resembles M. antennalis Cameron, 1941, from Nepal and North India, with which they form a new complex of species—the M. antennalis-complex within the predominantly Holactic and African M. depressus-supergroup of species.  

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