The Income and Demographic Determinants of Physical Activity Intensity: Evidence from a Developing Country

Estimating the factors affecting participation decisions of physical activity has continuously received significant research attention. However, the effects of income and demographic factors on physical activity intensity have seldom been studied thoroughly, especially in developing countries. To fill this research gap, the income and demographic determinants of the time spent on both vigorous- and moderate-intense physical activities among Malaysian adults are estimated using a censored regression model. The results are comparable to those in developed countries, such as the USA and Australia, which show that income, age, education level and being unemployed are negatively associated with the time spent on both vigorous- and moderate-intense physical activities. Compared to females, males spend more time on vigorous-intense physical activity but less time on moderate-intense physical activity. The present study suggests that acquiring a better understanding of the factors that can affect physical activity intensity is important for policy development. JEL Classification: D01, I10, I12

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When American Adults Do Move, How Do They Do So? Trends in Physical Activity Intensity, Type, and Modality: 1988–2017

Journal of Physical Activity and Health ◽

10.1123/jpah.2020-0424 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-18

Author(s):

Matthew A. Ladwig ◽

Christopher N. Sciamanna ◽

Brandon J. Auer ◽

Tamara K. Oser ◽

Jonathan G. Stine ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Physical Activities ◽

Behavioral Risk ◽

Physical Activity Intensity ◽

Activity Intensity ◽

Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance ◽

Risk Factor Surveillance ◽

Using Data ◽

Sport And Exercise ◽

Over Time

Background: Few Americans accumulate enough physical activity (PA) to realize its benefits. Understanding how and why individuals use their discretionary time for different forms of PA could help identify and rectify issues that drive individuals away from certain physical activities, and leverage successful strategies to increase participation in others. Methods: The authors analyzed approximately 30 years of changes in PA behavior by intensity, type, and mode, using data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Results: Since 1988, the proportions of adults most frequently engaging in exercise, sport, or lifestyle physical activity have changed noticeably. The most apparent changes from 1988 to 2017 were the proportions most frequently engaging in Exercise and Sport. In addition, the proportion of time reportedly spent in vigorous-intensity PA decreased over time, particularly among male respondents. Moreover, the proportion of Americans reporting an “Other” PA mode increased substantially, suggesting a growing need for a greater variety of easily accessible options for adult PA. Conclusions: Over time, a smaller proportion of American adults reported participating in sport and exercise modalities and reported engaging more frequently in low-intensity physical activities.

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INTENSITY, DURATION AND TYPE OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY REQUIRED TO IMPROVE FUNCTION IN KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS

Acta Ortopédica Brasileira ◽

10.1590/1413-785220172501166212 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 25-29 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

RICARDO AKIHIRO KIRIHARA ◽

FELLIPE BRAVIM CATELAN ◽

FABIANE ELIZE SABINO DE FARIAS ◽

CLEIDNÉIA APARECIDA CLEMENTE DA SILVA ◽

CLAUDIA HELENA DE AZEVEDO CERNIGOY ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Retrospective Study ◽

Knee Osteoarthritis ◽

Weight Training ◽

Functional Improvement ◽

Physical Activity Intensity ◽

Level Of Evidence ◽

Activity Intensity ◽

Type Of Exercise ◽

Intense Physical Activity

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the effects of physical activity intensity, type and duration in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) . Methods: A retrospective study of 195 KOA patients who were followed for two years after receiving educational material about KOA with or without attending classes. The patients were evaluated at baseline and 24 months. At the evaluations, the patients answered questionnaires pertaining to pain and function (WOMAC, Lequesne, VAS and SF-36); reported the intensity, duration and type of exercise performed per week; and performed the Timed Up & Go (TUG) and Five Times Sit-to-Stand (FTSST) tests . Results: Increased age affected improvements in the TUG results (p=0.017). The type, intensity and duration of physical activity did not correlate with pain, function or quality of life improvements (p>0.05), but the TUG results were on average 4 seconds faster among the patients who practiced intense physical activity and/or exercised for more than 180 minutes per week and/or performed isolated weight training or swam compared with those who remained sedentary after 2 years (p=0.01; p<0.001; p=0.01; p=0.04, respectively) . Conclusions: Patients with KOA should aim for intense physical activity and/or more than 180 minutes of exercise per week and/or weight training (bodybuilding) for relevant pain reduction and functional improvement. Level of Evidence II, Retrospective Study.

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Linking the American Time Use Survey (ATUS) and the Compendium of Physical Activities: Methods and Rationale

Journal of Physical Activity and Health ◽

10.1123/jpah.6.3.347 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 347-353 ◽

Cited By ~ 71

Author(s):

Catrine Tudor-Locke ◽

Tracy L. Washington ◽

Barbara E. Ainsworth ◽

Richard P. Troiano

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Time Use ◽

Physical Activities ◽

Surveillance Systems ◽

Physical Activity Intensity ◽

American Time Use Survey ◽

Activity Intensity ◽

Metabolic Equivalents ◽

Time Use Survey ◽

Health Related

Background:The 2003 Bureau of Labor Statistics American Time Use Survey (ATUS) contains 438 distinct primary activity variables that can be analyzed with regard to how time is spent by Americans. The Compendium of Physical Activities is used to code physical activities derived from various surveys, logs, diaries, etc to facilitate comparison of coded intensity levels across studies.Methods:This article describes the methods, challenges, and rationale for linking Compendium estimates of physical activity intensity (METs, metabolic equivalents) with all activities reported in the 2003 ATUS.Results:The assigned ATUS intensity levels are not intended to compute the energy costs of physical activity in individuals. Instead, they are intended to be used to identify time spent in activities broadly classified by type and intensity. This function will complement public health surveillance systems and aid in policy and health-promotion activities. For example, at least one of the future projects of this process is the descriptive epidemiology of time spent in common physical activity intensity categories.Conclusions:The process of metabolic coding of the ATUS by linking it with the Compendium of Physical Activities can make important contributions to our understanding of American’s time spent in health-related physical activity.

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Employing Machine Learning to Estimate Hallmark Measures of Physical Activities from Wrist-worn Devices Across Age Groups

10.20944/preprints202103.0333.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mamoun T. Mardini ◽

Chen Bai ◽

Amal A. Wanigatunga ◽

Santiago Saldana ◽

Ramon Casanova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Machine Learning ◽

Energy Expenditure ◽

Age Groups ◽

Physical Activities ◽

Accelerometer Data ◽

Activity Type ◽

Physical Activity Intensity ◽

Activity Intensity ◽

Score Range

Wrist-worn fitness trackers and smartwatches are proliferating with an incessant attention towards health tracking. Given the growing popularity of wrist-worn devices across all age groups, a rigorous evaluation for recognizing hallmark measures of physical activities and estimating energy expenditure is needed to compare their accuracy across the lifespan. The goal of the study was to build machine learning models to recognize physical activity type (sedentary, locomotion, and lifestyle) and intensity (low, light, and moderate), identify individual physical activities, and estimate energy expenditure. The primary aim of this study was to build and compare models for different age groups: young [20-50 years], middle (50-70 years], and old (70-89 years]. Participants (n = 253, 62% women, aged 20-89 years old) performed a battery of 33 daily activities in a standardized laboratory setting while wearing a portable metabolic unit to measure energy expenditure that was used to gauge metabolic intensity. Tri-axial accelerometer collected data at 80-100 Hz from the right wrist that was processed for 49 features. Results from random forests algorithm were quite accurate in recognizing physical activity type, the F1-Score range across age groups was: sedentary [0.955 – 0.973], locomotion [0.942 – 0.964], and lifestyle [0.913 – 0.949]. Recognizing physical activity intensity resulted in lower performance, the F1-Score range across age groups was: sedentary [0.919 – 0.947], light [0.813 – 0.828], and moderate [0.846 – 0.875]. The root mean square error range was [0.835 – 1.009] for the estimation of energy expenditure. The F1-Score range for recognizing individual physical activities was [0.263 – 0.784]. Performances were relatively similar and the accelerometer data features were ranked similarly between age groups. In conclusion, data features derived from wrist worn accelerometers lead to high-moderate accuracy estimating physical activity type, intensity and energy expenditure and are robust to potential age-differences.

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Efeito da atividade física sobre a qualidade seminal

Caderno de Educação Física e Esporte ◽

10.36453/2318-5104.2020.v18.n1.p41 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 41-47

Author(s):

Leonardo Monteiro Nesello ◽

Fábio Pasqualotto

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Reproductive Health ◽

Clinical Evidence ◽

Semen Quality ◽

Moderate Physical Activity ◽

Hormonal Changes ◽

Physical Activity Intensity ◽

Activity Intensity ◽

Male Reproductive Health ◽

Intense Physical Activity

INTRODUÇÃO: A saúde reprodutora masculina pode ser influenciada devida à prática de atividade física, e com isso tem-se aumentado o número de estudos que analisam o efeito da atividade física na qualidade seminal. Descobertas apontam que mudanças significativas na qualidade do sêmen podem ocorrer com a prática de atividade física, que pode alterar sua qualidade de acordo com o tipo de atividade física, a intensidade e a duração. OBJETIVO: Neste contexto, o presente estudo realizou uma análise detalhada da literatura atual com o objetivo de verificar o efeito de diferentes atividades físicas sobre a saúde reprodutora masculina. MÉTODO: Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática feita nas bases de dados do PubMed. Utilizou-se os itens propostos pelo PRISMA para a busca, seleção e extração de dados. De acordo com o fluxograma proposto, 244 artigos foram identificados e, destes, 12 foram selecionados. RESULTADOS: Apoiada por fortes evidências clínicas, esta revisão sugere que a atividade física intensa pode provocar fortes alterações hormonais e prejudicar a qualidade seminal. Já a atividade física moderada parece ter um efeito neutro ou benéfico para a qualidade do sêmen. Além disso, o efeito da atividade física na qualidade do sêmen pode ser diferente de acordo com o tipo de atividade física. CONCLUSÃO: Frente às evidências, ainda existe falta de conclusões sólidas sobre esse assunto, devido ao fato de existir muita contradição entre os estudos existentes e da atividade física não ser facilmente quantificada. ABSTRACT. Effect of physical activity on seminal quality, BACKGROUND: Male reproductive health may be influenced by physical activity, and this has increased the number of studies that analyze the effect of physical activity on seminal quality. Findings indicate that significant changes in semen quality can occur due to the practice of physical activity, which can alter its quality according to the type of physical activity, intensity and duration. OBJECTIVE: In this context, the present study performed a detailed analysis of the current literature with the objective of verifying the effect of different physical activity on male reproductive health. METHODS: A systematic review performed on the PubMed databases. The items proposed by PRISMA were used for searching, selecting and extracting data. According to the proposed flowchart, 244 articles were indentified and, of these, 12 were selected. RESULTS: Supported by strong clinical evidence, this review shows that intense physical activity can cause strong hormonal changes and impair seminal quality. On the other hand, moderate physical activity seems to have a neutral or beneficial effect on semen quality. In addition, the effect of physical activity on semen quality may differ according to the type of physical activity. CONCLUSION: Faced with the evidence, there is still a lack of solid conclusions on this subject, due to the fact that there is a lot of contradiction between the existing studies and that physical activity can not be easily quantified.

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