Issues of Research Design and Construct Measurement in Entrepreneurship Research: The past Decade

2001 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 101-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaylen N. Chandler ◽  
Douglas W. Lyon
Keyword(s):  
Research Design ◽  
Entrepreneurship Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
Construct Measurement

A Perspective on Improving Evidence and Practice in Cluttering

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen Scaler Scott ◽  
Kenneth O. St. Louis
Keyword(s):  
Research Design ◽  
The State ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
The Past ◽  
Made In

Abstract In the past, the rationale for cluttering to be ignored, not to be taken seriously, and not to be diagnosed could be attributed to several factors stemming from problems in definition and research design. This article reviews these factors and outlines advances being made in the state of evidence on cluttering. Recommendations for ensuring that cluttering research, diagnosis, and treatment remain based in evidence are discussed.

Mediation Analysis and Warranted Inferences in Media and Communication Research: Examining Research Design in Communication Journals From 1996 to 2017

2020 ◽  
pp. 107769902096151
Author(s):  
Michael Chan ◽  
Panfeng Hu ◽  
Macau K. F. Mak
Keyword(s):  
Research Design ◽  
Mediation Analysis ◽  
Mass Communication ◽  
Communication Research ◽  
Human Communication ◽  
Causal Inferences ◽  
The Past ◽  
Human Communication Research ◽  
Media And Communication

The number of studies employing mediation analysis has increased exponentially in the past two decades. Focusing on research design, this study examines 387 articles in the Journal of Communication, Human Communication Research, Communication Research, Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, and Media Psychology between 1996 and 2017. Findings show that while most studies report statistically significant indirect effects, they are inadequate to make causal inferences. Authors also often infer that they uncovered the “true” mediator(s) while alternative models and mediators are rarely acknowledged. Future studies should pay more attention to the role of research design and its implications for making causal inferences.

Tourism entrepreneurship research: a perspective article

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-125
Author(s):  
Vanessa Ratten
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Emerging Technologies ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Research Interest ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Entrepreneurship Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
Area Of Study

Purpose Tourism entrepreneurship is an emerging area of study that has both practical and theoretical importance. This paper aims to review past research on tourism entrepreneurship with the view of highlighting neglected areas of study. Design/methodology/approach A review of the past 75 years is conducted that highlights the gaps in the research in need of further research. Findings There is a focus on lifestyle and sustainable forms of tourism entrepreneurship without taking into account emerging technologies and other forms of entrepreneurship such as digital and societal. Originality/value This paper places emphasis on the transdisciplinary nature of tourism entrepreneurship that enables researchers to build on multiple disciplines to derive fruitful new areas of research interest.

Democratization and Conflict

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ömer Faruk Örsün ◽  
Reşat Bayer ◽  
Michael Bernhard
Keyword(s):  
Research Design ◽  
Model Specification ◽  
Democratic Peace ◽  
Causal Mechanism ◽  
Conflict Studies ◽  
The Past ◽  
State Strength ◽  
Good For ◽  
Foundational Work

Is democratization good for peace? The question of whether democratization results in violence has led to a spirited and productive debate in empirical conflict studies over the past two decades. The debate, sparked by Mansfield and Snyder’s foundational work, raised a challenge to the notion of a universal democratic peace and elicited numerous critical responses within the literature. One set of such responses has emphasized issues of replicability, mismatches between the research design and directionality of the proposed causal mechanism, the role of outliers, and model specification. In addition, two issues have not been discussed sufficiently in the existing literature. First, conceptually, is the issue of concept stretching, specifically the form Sartori labeled the “cat-dog” problem. While past criticisms were mainly about model specification, we debate whether Mansfield and Snyder’s findings can be seen as a product of concept misformation. Second, quantitatively, are conceptual and empirical issues that Mansfield and Snyder use to capture state strength in their most recent attempts to provide ongoing evidence for their theory. The most optimistic estimates show that even when democratization has a statistically significant association with war onset at lower levels of institutional strength, the effect is substantively insignificant.

scholarly journals Factors Contributing to the Rising National Cost of Glucose-Lowering Medicines for Diabetes During 2005–2007 and 2015–2017

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xilin Zhou ◽  
Sundar S. Shrestha ◽  
Hui Shao ◽  
Ping Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Research Design ◽  
Medical Expenditure Panel Survey ◽  
Medical Expenditure ◽  
Panel Survey ◽  
Glucose Lowering ◽  
Total Spending ◽  
User Costs ◽  
The Past ◽  
Design And Methods

OBJECTIVE <p> </p> <p>We examined changes in glucose-lowering medication spending and quantified the magnitude of factors that are contributing to these changes. </p> <p> </p> <p>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS</p> <p> </p> <p>Using the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, we estimated the change in spending on glucose-lowering medications during 2005–2007 and 2015–2017 among adults aged 18 years or older with diabetes. We decomposed the increase of total spending by medication groups: for insulin by human and analog; and for non-insulin by metformin, older, newer, and combination medications. For each group, we quantified the contributions by the number of users and cost-per-user. Costs were in 2017 US dollars.</p> <p> </p> <p>RESULTS</p> <p> </p> <p>National spending on glucose-lowering medications increased by $40.6 billion (240%), of which insulin and non-insulin medications contributed $28.6 billion (169%) and $12.0 billion (71%), respectively.<a> </a><a></a><a>For insulin, the increase was mainly associated with higher expenditures from analogs</a> (156%). For non-insulin, the increase was a net effect of higher cost for newer medications (+88%) and decreased cost for older medications (-34%). Most of the increase in insulin spending came from the increase in cost-per-user. However, the increase in the number of users contributed more than cost-per-user in the rise of most non-insulin groups.</p> <p> </p> <p>CONCLUSIONS</p> <p> </p> <p><a>The increase in national spending on glucose-lowering medications during the past decade was mostly associated with the increased costs for insulin</a>, analogs in particular, and newer non-insulin medicines; and cost-per-user had a larger effect than the number of users. Understanding the factors contributing to the increase helps identify ways to curb the growth in costs. </p>

Social Entrepreneurship Research: Past Achievements and Future Promises

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina Saebi ◽  
Nicolai J. Foss ◽  
Stefan Linder
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Change ◽  
Social Entrepreneurship ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Levels Of Analysis ◽  
Inclusive Growth ◽  
Entrepreneurship Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
Knowledge Growth ◽  
Cumulative Knowledge

The past decade has witnessed a surge of research interest in social entrepreneurship (SE). This has resulted in important insights concerning the role of SE in fostering inclusive growth and institutional change. However, the rapid growth of SE research, the emerging nature of the literature, and the fact that SE builds on different disciplines and fields (e.g., entrepreneurship, sociology, economics, ethics) have led to a rather fragmented literature without dominant frameworks. This situation risks leading to a duplication of efforts and hampers cumulative knowledge growth. Drawing on 395 peer-reviewed articles on SE, we (1) identify gaps in SE research on three levels of analysis (i.e., individual, organizational, institutional), (2) proffer an integrative multistage, multilevel framework, and (3) discuss promising avenues for further research on SE.

scholarly journals Overconfidence

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-39
Author(s):  
Robert Paul Singh
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
General Population ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
New Ventures ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Research Focus ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Entrepreneurship Research ◽  
The Past

PurposeThere has been significant growth in entrepreneurship research over the past several decades. Yet with all of the knowledge gained and presumably improved training of would-be entrepreneurs, firm failure rates remain persistently high. It is argued here that the historical and continued research focus on successful entrepreneurs has limited the field. Entrepreneurs are often considered to possess uniquely positive capabilities relative to the general population; this paper explores the possibility that the majority of entrepreneurs suffer from overconfidence and that this leads most entrepreneurs to make “bad bets” that result in underperformance and firm failure.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, a qualitative review of the literature was performed.FindingsBased on the literature review, three formal propositions are developed. The first two suggest that the majority of entrepreneurs are overconfident in their personal capabilities and the prospects for their new ventures. It is then proposed that this overconfidence leads to errors in judgment that results in financial underperformance and failure found among most new ventures.Originality/valueThis paper makes an important contribution to the entrepreneurship literature by arguing that overconfidence negatively impacts pre-founding decision-making such that entrepreneurs pursue flawed opportunities. Studying the issues raised in this paper may spur new lines of research and knowledge that lead to better entrepreneurial outcomes.

Laws, Systems, and Research Designs: A Discussion of Explanation in Archaeology

1972 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. David Tuggle ◽  
Alex H. Townsend ◽  
Thomas J. Riley
Keyword(s):  
Research Design ◽  
Recent Article ◽  
Deductive Reasoning ◽  
Explanatory Model ◽  
Extensive Discussion ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research Designs ◽  
System Paradigm

AbstractArchaeology must come to grips with the basic philosophical problems of science. With this premise in mind, we welcome the recent article on explanation by Fritz and Plog (1970) and offer a review and critique of it with the following points: (1) The D-N model of explanation is not the exclusive explanatory system in science and is in fact subject to extensive discussion and criticism in several areas of science; (2) archaeologists have not employed laws commonly in the past but rather deductive reasoning based on assumed premises; (3) the use of laws in explanation may reduce archaeology to a science of historical exemplification; (4) the research design presented by Fritz and Plog may be modified to include concern for hypothesis formulation, variable identification in the archaeological context, and the interplay of hypotheses and data throughout excavation and analysis; (5) the Meehan system paradigm explanatory model is presented as an alternative to the D-N model; (6) what archaeologists try to explain is relevant to the nature of the explanation.

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