Sleep Among Long-Term Care Residents in China: A Narrative Review of Literature

The objective of this study is to synthesize and evaluate the current body of sleep research among long-term care (LTC) residents in China and provide insights for future research. Systematic searches identified 15 studies that examined sleep in LTC residents in China. Sleep disturbances and poor sleep quality were prevalent in Chinese LTC residents. Eight cross-sectional studies reported that demographics, comorbidities, lifestyle, and environment were associated with sleep quality in Chinese LTC residents. Seven intervention studies, including exercise, traditional Chinese medicine, light therapy, and behavioral interventions resulted in improved sleep quality. Only subjective sleep measures were used in all 15 studies. Some methodological issues were identified in studies, especially those conducted in Mainland China. Sleep research in LTC residents in China is still at the beginning stages. Future studies should consider more rigorous designs and objective sleep measures, and develop target interventions based on factors associated with sleep disturbances.

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Function-Focused Person–Environment Fit for Long-Term Care Residents With Dementia: Impact on Apathy

The Gerontologist ◽

10.1093/geront/gnaa111 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ying-Ling Jao ◽

Wen Liu ◽

Habib Chaudhury ◽

Jyotsana Parajuli ◽

Sarah Holmes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Function ◽

Long Term Care ◽

Future Research ◽

Common Symptom ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Term Care ◽

Housing Enabler ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Background and Objectives Apathy is a common symptom in dementia and is associated with rapid cognitive decline, poor quality of life, and higher mortality. Lawton’s Competence and Environmental Press model suggests that an individual’s behavior and affect are influenced by the fit of their functional abilities with the environmental demands. Yet, empirical evidence on the association between person–environment (P–E) fit and apathy is lacking. Thus, this study examined the relationship between P–E fit and apathy in dementia. Specifically, this study focused on the extent the physical environment fits individual functional limitations. Research Design and Methods This is a cross-sectional study using the baseline data from long-term care residents with dementia. The sample included 199 residents with moderate-to-severe cognitive impairment from 4 assisted living and 4 nursing homes. Function-focused P–E fit was measured using the Housing Enabler scale. Apathy was measured using the Apathy Evaluation Scale. Multilevel linear models were used to analyze the relationship between P–E fit and apathy. Results Findings revealed that greater P–E fit, specifically indoor environment, was significantly associated with lower apathy after controlling for age, gender, and years living in the facility. Yet, the association became not significant after controlling for individual physical function. Discussion and Implications Findings support the association between function-focused P–E fit and apathy, but the association is no longer significant after physical function is adjusted. Future research may explore other aspects of P–E fit and the impact of social and organizational environment on apathy in dementia.

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Factors that Influence Sleep among Residents in Long-Term Care Facilities

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17061889 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (6) ◽

pp. 1889 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Da Eun Kim ◽

Ju Young Yoon

Keyword(s):

Environmental Factors ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Sleep Disturbances ◽

Long Term Care ◽

Sleep Efficiency ◽

Light At Night ◽

Term Care ◽

Care Facilities ◽

The Mean

Long-term care residents often experience sleep disturbances as they are vulnerable to a variety of physical, psychosocial, and environmental factors that contribute to sleep disturbances. However, few studies have examined the combined impact of multiple factors on sleep among long-term care residents. This study aimed to identify the factors that influence sleep efficiency and sleep quality based on a modified senescent sleep model. A total of 125 residents were recruited from seven long-term care facilities in South Korea. Sleep patterns and sleep quality were collected using 3-day sleep logs and the Minimal Insomnia Screening Scale for Korean adults (KMISS), respectively. The mean sleep efficiency was 84.6% and the mean score on sleep quality was 15.25. A multiple linear regression analysis showed that greater dependence in activities of daily living (ADL), higher pain, and light at night were related to lower sleep efficiency. Higher pain and fatigue, less activity time, noise and light at night, and lower nighttime staffing levels were related to poorer sleep quality. This study highlights that psychosocial and environmental factors as well as physical factors could influence sleep for long-term care residents. Our findings could be foundational evidence for multi-faceted sleep intervention program development in long-term care settings.

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TRANSGENDERED OLDER ADULTS IN LONG-TERM CARE: PREPARING FOR THE RISING TIDE

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igz038.2538 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S688-S689

Author(s):

Jean Henry ◽

Susan K Patton

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Lived Experience ◽

Long Term Care ◽

Case Reports ◽

Quality Care ◽

Monitoring And Evaluation ◽

Future Research ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Term Care

Abstract Gender non-conforming older adults are more likely to be without traditional support systems in place; many may need to turn to nursing homes for long-term care (LTC). Little information is available about the experiences of LGBT older adults in these settings. Research questions: What is known about the experiences of transgender (TG) older adults in LTC? What evidence-based recommendations exist to guide LTC administrators in providing quality care to TG residents? What are key future research areas? Method: Systematic review of extant literature, using databases: PubMed, Medline, Psych Info, CINAHL, Academic Search Complete, and ProQuestCentral. Key Results:RQ1) Published research in transgender healthcare consists primarily of case reports, and retrospective and cross-sectional studies; minimal literature specifically on TG individuals; combining LGBT carries risk of minimizing or equating the TG experience to that of gays and lesbians. RQ2) Recommendations: take proactive approach; focus on awareness of relevant laws and regulations; establish non-discriminatory and inclusive environments, policies, and procedures; regular staff training, monitoring, and evaluation. RQ3) Need exists for quantitative and qualitative research into all aspects of the TG experience in LTC. Key areas include: lived experience of the TG in LTC; beliefs, attitudes, values and practices of LTC staff; administrative challenges and responses. Conclusions: Transgender and gender non-conforming individuals frequently experience discrimination in healthcare. Lack of cultural and clinical competence, and discrimination and bias by providers, create barriers to quality healthcare. Healthcare professionals and systems must be proactive in preparing for the inevitable growth of this population in the LTC setting.

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Differences in Skilled Nursing Facility Characteristics and Quality Ratings by Long-Term Care Pharmacy Provider

10.1101/2021.08.31.21262894 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Andrew R. Zullo ◽

Melissa R. Riester ◽

Elizabeth M. Goldberg ◽

Meghan A. Cupp ◽

Sarah D. Berry ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rhode Island ◽

Long Term Care ◽

Skilled Nursing Facility ◽

Future Research ◽

Similar Proportion ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Term Care ◽

Skilled Nursing ◽

Quality Ratings

Objectives: Limited data exist on the U.S. long-term care (LTC) pharmacy market and how skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) may differ by LTC pharmacy provider. We estimated the market shares of two major LTC pharmacies (Omnicare and PharMerica) and assessed if SNF characteristics differ by pharmacy. Design: Cross-sectional. Setting and Participants: Seventy-five Rhode Island (RI) SNFs that provided post-acute care (PAC) services in 2019. Methods: SNF location, structure, staffing measures, and quality ratings were ascertained from publicly available data sources. The LTC pharmacy used by each SNF was compiled by case managers at a RI health system. Results: Among 75 SNFs, 32 (43%) were served by Omnicare and 36 (48%) by PharMerica. LASSO logistic regression and random forest models identified 5 key predictors of SNFs selecting PharMerica over Omnicare: number of skilled beds, total number of beds, nursing hours per resident per day, five-star health inspection rating, and average number of residents per day. In a multivariable regression model including 4 predictors (total number of beds excluded due to collinearity), SNFs had a 6% higher prevalence of using Omnicare over PharMerica for every additional 10 skilled beds (Prevalence Ratio 1.06, 95% CI 1.02-1.10). Conclusions and Implications: Omnicare and PharMerica comprised over 90% of the SNF PAC market in RI, with Omnicare covering larger facilities. Understanding if these companies serve a similar proportion of SNFs in other U.S. states is necessary to advance future research initiatives and examine how collaborations between SNFs and LTC pharmacy chains may improve medication management in SNFs.

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A Cross-Sectional Study on the Impacts of Perceived Job Value, Job Maintenance, and Social Support on Burnout among Long-Term Care Staff in Hawaii

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18020476 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 476

Author(s):

Bum Jung Kim ◽

Sun-young Lee

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Long Term Care ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Care Staff ◽

Hierarchical Regression ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Term Care ◽

The Impact

Extensive research has demonstrated the factors that influence burnout among social service employees, yet few studies have explored burnout among long-term care staff in Hawaii. This study aimed to examine the impact of job value, job maintenance, and social support on burnout of staff in long-term care settings in Hawaii, USA. This cross-sectional study included 170 long-term care staff, aged 20 to 75 years, in Hawaii. Hierarchical regression was employed to explore the relationships between the key independent variables and burnout. The results indicate that staff with a higher level of perceived job value, those who expressed a willingness to continue working in the same job, and those with strong social support from supervisors or peers are less likely to experience burnout. Interventions aimed at decreasing the level of burnout among long-term care staff in Hawaii may be more effective through culturally tailored programs aimed to increase the levels of job value, job maintenance, and social support.

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Correlates of perceived caring behaviour of formal caregivers in long‐term care facilities: A cross‐sectional survey

Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences ◽

10.1111/scs.12981 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Huei‐Lih Hwang ◽

Chin‐Tang Tu ◽

Tian‐Yuan Kuo

Keyword(s):

Long Term Care ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Term Care ◽

Formal Caregivers ◽

Care Facilities

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Preferences in long-term care models and related factors among older adults: a cross-sectional study from Shandong Province, China

European Journal of Ageing ◽

10.1007/s10433-020-00595-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hongjuan Liu ◽

Lingzhong Xu ◽

Hailing Yang ◽

Yan Zhao ◽

Xiaorong Luan

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Long Term Care ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Shandong Province ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Related Factors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Term Care ◽

Care Models

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Will the demands by the covid-19 pandemic increase the intent to quit the profession of long-term care managers? A repeated cross-sectional study in Germany

Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/pubmed/fdab081 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Timo-Kolja Pförtner ◽

Holger Pfaff ◽

Kira Isabel Hower

Keyword(s):

Online Survey ◽

Long Term Care ◽

Intention To Leave ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Term Care ◽

Care Managers ◽

Care Facilities ◽

Inpatient Nursing

Abstract The Corona pandemic poses major demands for long-term care, which might have impacted the intention to quit the profession among managers of long-term care facilities. We used cross-sectional data of an online survey of long-term care managers from outpatient and inpatient nursing and palliative care facilities surveyed in April 2020 (survey cycle one; n = 532) and between December 2020 and January 2021 (survey cycle two; n = 301). The results show a significant association between the perceived pandemic-specific and general demands and the intention to leave the profession. This association was significantly stronger for general demands in survey cycle two compared with survey cycle one. The results highlight the pandemic’s immediate impact on long-term care. In view of the increasing number of people in need of care and the already existing scarcity of specialized nursing staff, the results highlight the need for initiatives to ensure the provision of long-term care, also and especially in such times of crisis.

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