Fostering Resilience in New Venture Teams: The Role of Behavioral and Affective Integration

2021 ◽  
pp. 105960112110331
Author(s):  
Yiwen Chen ◽  
Yinpu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
New Venture ◽  
Specific Context ◽  
Behavioral Integration ◽  
First Order ◽  
Individual Resilience ◽  
Team Resilience ◽  
And Performance ◽  
And Function ◽  
To Receive

Resilience has begun to receive attention in entrepreneurship research. However, most studies focus on organizational and individual resilience; little is known about team resilience in the entrepreneurship field. To fill the gap, this study explores team resilience and its formation and function in a specific context: new venture teams (NVTs). Conceptualizing team resilience as a second-order emergent state with first-order dimensions being resilience-efficacious beliefs and resilience-adaptive capacity, this study articulates the role of behavioral integration in cultivating team resilience and tests the effect of team resilience on NVT performance. Furthermore, a double-edged sword effect of affective integration is proposed: it strengthens the link between behavioral integration and team resilience but weakens the tie between team resilience and performance. Survey data collected from 488 entrepreneurs in 110 NVTs lend support to our hypotheses. These findings add to the knowledge of team resilience in a unique entrepreneurship setting, expand our understanding of NVT effectiveness, and provide implications to NVTs in terms of resilience building and team climate management.

Passion and Entrepreneurship

2019 ◽  
pp. 439-462
Author(s):  
Edwin A. Locke ◽  
J. Robert Baum
Keyword(s):  
Short Review ◽  
New Venture ◽  
New Venture Creation ◽  
Venture Creation ◽  
Entrepreneurial Success ◽  
And Performance

This chapter discusses the role of passion in entrepreneurship. The nature of emotions, and how they relate to passion, is explained with research in support. By focusing on new venture creation and growth, this chapter presents a short review of how entrepreneurship has been defined in the literature, as well as its value and challenges. Studies examining the relationships between passion and entrepreneurial success and performance are reviewed, and a discussion on the various scales to measure passion is provided.

Magnesium, Zinc, and Chromium Nutrition and Athletic Performance

2001 ◽  
Vol 26 (S1) ◽  
pp. S13-S22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry C. Lukaski
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Optimal Performance ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Function ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
And Performance ◽  
And Function ◽  
Study Designs ◽  
Advance Knowledge

Magnesium, zinc and chromium are mineral elements required in modest amounts for health and optimal performance. Accumulating evidence supports the hypothesis that magnesium and zinc play significant roles in promoting strength and cardiorespiratory function in healthy persons and athletes. Differences in study designs, however, limit conclusions about recommendations for intakes of magnesium and zinc needed for optimal performance and function. The role of chromium in supporting performance is not well established. There is a compelling need to confirm and extend findings of beneficial effects of magnesium and zinc function and performance of humans. Suggestions for an experimental model and specific topics for research to advance knowledge of mineral nutrition to promote attainment of genetic potential for optimal performance are provided.

scholarly journals Cutting in-line with iron: ribosomal function and non-oxidative RNA cleavage

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Guth-Metzler ◽  
Marcus S. Bray ◽  
Moran Frenkel-Pinter ◽  
Suttipong Suttapitugsakul ◽  
Claudia Montllor-Albalate ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Divalent Cations ◽  
Order Rate Constant ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
List Type ◽  
First Order ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Ribosomal Function ◽  
Continued Use ◽  
And Function

AbstractDivalent metal cations are essential to the structure and function of the ribosome. Previous characterizations of the ribosome performed under standard laboratory conditions have implicated Mg2+ as a primary mediator of ribosomal structure and function. Possible contributions of Fe2+ as a ribosomal cofactor have been largely overlooked, despite the ribosome’s early evolution in a high Fe2+ environment, and its continued use by obligate anaerobes inhabiting high Fe2+ niches. Here we show that (i) Fe2+ cleaves RNA by in-line cleavage, a non-oxidative mechanism that has not previously been shown experimentally for this metal, (ii) the first-order rate constant with respect to divalent cations is more than 200 times greater with Fe2+ than with Mg2+, (iii) functional ribosomes are associated with Fe2+ after purification from cells grown under low O2 and high Fe2+, and (iv) a small fraction of Fe2+ that is associated with the ribosome is not exchangeable with surrounding divalent cations, presumably because it is tightly coordinated by rRNA and buried in the ribosome. In total, these results expand the ancient role of iron in biochemistry and highlight a possible new mechanism of iron toxicity.Key PointsFe2+ cleaves rRNA by a non-oxidative in-line cleavage mechanism that is more than 200 times faster than in-line cleavage with Mg2+;ribosomes purified from cells grown under low O2 and high Fe2+ retain ~10 Fe2+ ions per ribosome and produce as much protein as low O2, high Mg2+-grown ribosomes;a small fraction (~2%) of Fe2+ that is associated with the ribosome is not exchangeable.

scholarly journals Cutting in-line with iron: ribosomal function and non-oxidative RNA cleavage

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (15) ◽  
pp. 8663-8674
Author(s):  
Rebecca Guth-Metzler ◽  
Marcus S Bray ◽  
Moran Frenkel-Pinter ◽  
Suttipong Suttapitugsakul ◽  
Claudia Montllor-Albalate ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Divalent Cations ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Rna Cleavage ◽  
Standard Laboratory ◽  
Divalent Metal Cations ◽  
First Order ◽  
Ribosomal Function ◽  
Continued Use ◽  
And Function

Abstract Divalent metal cations are essential to the structure and function of the ribosome. Previous characterizations of the ribosome performed under standard laboratory conditions have implicated Mg2+ as a primary mediator of ribosomal structure and function. Possible contributions of Fe2+ as a ribosomal cofactor have been largely overlooked, despite the ribosome's early evolution in a high Fe2+ environment, and the continued use of Fe2+ by obligate anaerobes inhabiting high Fe2+ niches. Here, we show that (i) Fe2+ cleaves RNA by in-line cleavage, a non-oxidative mechanism that has not previously been shown experimentally for this metal, (ii) the first-order in-line rate constant with respect to divalent cations is >200 times greater with Fe2+ than with Mg2+, (iii) functional ribosomes are associated with Fe2+ after purification from cells grown under low O2 and high Fe2+ and (iv) a small fraction of Fe2+ that is associated with the ribosome is not exchangeable with surrounding divalent cations, presumably because those ions are tightly coordinated by rRNA and deeply buried in the ribosome. In total, these results expand the ancient role of iron in biochemistry and highlight a possible new mechanism of iron toxicity.

scholarly journals FoxC1-Induced Vascular Niche Improves Survival and Myocardial Repair of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Infarcted Hearts

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Lan Zhao ◽  
Rui Zhang ◽  
Feng Su ◽  
Libing Dai ◽  
Jiahong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Myocardial Repair ◽  
Vascular Niche ◽  
Efficient Delivery ◽  
Hair Follicle Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Niche ◽  
And Function ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Phosphate Buffered Saline

Aims. Forkhead box C1 (FoxC1) is essential for maintaining the hair follicle stem cell niche. The role of FoxC1 in maintaining mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) niches after myocardial infarction (MI) has not been directly determined to date. In this study, we determined to explore the possible roles and mechanisms of FoxC1 on MSC survival and function in the ischemic niche. Methods and Results. MI model was established in this study, and expression level of FoxC1 was overexpressed or knocked down through efficient delivery of FoxC1 transfection or siFoxC1. Fifteen days later, the animals were allocated randomly to receive phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) injection or MSC transplantation. We identified FoxC1 as a key regulator of maintaining the vascular niche in the infarcted hearts (IHs) by driving proangiogenic and anti-inflammatory cytokines while repressing inflammatory and fibrotic factor expression. This vascular niche improved MSC survival and capacity in the IHs. Importantly, FoxC1 interacted with MSCs and was required for vessel specification and differentiation of engrafted MSCs in the ischemic niches, promoting myocardial repair. Inhibiting FoxC1 abolished these effects. Conclusion. These results definitively implicate FoxC1 signaling in maintaining ischemic vascular niche, which may be helpful in myocardial repair induced by MSC therapy.

The competing value framework model of organizational culture, innovation and performance

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Zeb ◽  
Fazal Akbar ◽  
Khawar Hussain ◽  
Adnan Safi ◽  
Muhammad Rabnawaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Power Company ◽  
Framework Model ◽  
And Performance ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeInnovation is the basic input to organizational endurance; therefore, the study of processes that support innovation should be of interest to practitioners and researchers alike. Consequently, there is increasing attention for the supplementary research examination of the influencing elements of innovativeness.Design/methodology/approachThe data were collected in 2018 using adapted questionnaires that were tested. The respondents were 446 employees of Pakistan Electric Power Company (PEPCO). Bivariate correlations and hierarchical regression were used for the data analysis.FindingsThe findings showed that the competing value framework (CVF) model of organizational culture may promote innovativeness that translates to the progress of PEPCO, which deserved barrier for everyone relying on the values made by the culture of the organization. The adhocracy culture is considered to be statistically suitable for the prediction of performance and enhancement of innovation in the organization. Based on the above findings, it may be deduced that innovation mediated the relationship between some particular types of organizational culture and performance.Practical implicationsThe CVF model provides a supportive framework for the development of procedures that promote innovation in the organization. The focus of the CVF model highlighted employees' behavior and function of organizational culture, which can restrain or stimulate performance. This study reported and developed a basis for an empirical model based on the CVF model.Originality/valueThis paper found that the CVF model and innovation are mega sources of innovation at PEPCO. This work should be of interest in the area of innovation and performance improvement. There are very few empirical research studies on the relationship between organizational culture, innovation and performance, specifically in the context of developing countries. This is one of the very few studies conducted to empirically examine the influence of CVF model on performance through the mediating role of innovation in PEPCO.

Scanning electron microscopic study of collagen fibrillogenesis and extracellular compartmentalization in the chick embryo tendon

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 208-209
Author(s):  
Grace C.H. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Chick Embryo ◽  
Extracellular Space ◽  
Fibroblast Cell ◽  
Collagen Fibrils ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Voltage Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopic Study ◽  
Microscopic Studies ◽  
And Function

The size and organization of collagen fibrils in the extracellular matrix is an important determinant of tissue structure and function. The synthesis and deposition of collagen involves multiple steps which begin within the cell and continue in the extracellular space. High-voltage electron microscopic studies of the chick embryo cornea and tendon suggested that the extracellular space is compartmentalized by the fibroblasts for the regulation of collagen fibril, bundle, and tissue specific macroaggregate formation. The purpose of this study is to gather direct evidence regarding the association of the fibroblast cell surface with newly formed collagen fibrils, and to define the role of the fibroblast in the control and the precise positioning of collagen fibrils, bundles, and macroaggregates during chick tendon development.

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