Power spectral parameter variations after transcranial direct current stimulation in a bimanual coordination task

2019 ◽  
pp. 105971231987997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atefeh Azarpaikan ◽  
HamidReza Taherii Torbati ◽  
Mehdi Sohrabi ◽  
Reza Boostani ◽  
Majid Ghoshuni
Keyword(s):  
Parietal Cortex ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Bimanual Coordination ◽  
Neuronal Membrane ◽  
Membrane Excitability ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Cerebellar Tdcs ◽  
Alpha Beta ◽  
The Brain

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) can shift neuronal membrane excitability by applying a weak slow electric current to the brain through the scalp. Attendant electroencephalography (EEG) can provide valuable information about the tDCS mechanisms. This study investigated the effects of anodal tDCS on parietal cortex and cerebellum activity to reveal possible modulation of spontaneous oscillatory brain activity. Timing of the tDCS priming protocol in relation to the intervention especially with respect to bimanual coordination task was also studied. EEG activity was measured in 120 healthy participants before and after sessions of anodal stimulation of the parietal cortex and cerebellum to detect the tDCS-induced alterations. Variations of the delta, theta, alpha, beta, and sensorimotor rhythm (SMR) power bands were analyzed using a MATLAB program. The results showed that anodal parietal and cerebellar tDCS cause changes in brain wave frequencies. They also showed an increase in alpha, beta, and SMR power bands during stimulation sessions for during stimulation parietal group ( p ≤ .01). Also, theta, alpha, beta, and SMR power bands were increased in during stimulation cerebellum group in stimulation sessions and 48 h later ( p ≤ .01). Moreover, the results revealed that the tDCS intervention led to a variety of activations in some areas of the brain. Altogether, the cerebellar tDCS during motor task had a significant improvement in off-line learning.

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over parietal cortex improves associative memory

2019 ◽  
Vol 157 ◽  
pp. 114-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jovana Bjekić ◽  
Marija V. Čolić ◽  
Marko Živanović ◽  
Sladjan D. Milanović ◽  
Saša R. Filipović
Keyword(s):  
Associative Memory ◽  
Parietal Cortex ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation

Converging Evidence That Neural Plasticity Underlies Transcranial Direct-Current Stimulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-157
Author(s):  
Chong Zhao ◽  
Geoffrey F. Woodman
Keyword(s):  
Visual Search ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Neural Plasticity ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Visual Stream ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
The Brain

It is not definitely known how direct-current stimulation causes its long-lasting effects. Here, we tested the hypothesis that the long time course of transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS) is because of the electrical field increasing the plasticity of the brain tissue. If this is the case, then we should see tDCS effects when humans need to encode information into long-term memory, but not at other times. We tested this hypothesis by delivering tDCS to the ventral visual stream of human participants during different tasks (i.e., recognition memory vs. visual search) and at different times during a memory task. We found that tDCS improved memory encoding, and the neural correlates thereof, but not retrieval. We also found that tDCS did not change the efficiency of information processing during visual search for a certain target object, a task that does not require the formation of new connections in the brain but instead relies on attention and object recognition mechanisms. Thus, our findings support the hypothesis that direct-current stimulation modulates brain activity by changing the underlying plasticity of the tissue.

scholarly journals Transcranial direct current stimulation of cerebellum alters spiking precision in cerebellar cortex: A modeling study of cellular responses

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. e1009609
Author(s):  
Xu Zhang ◽  
Roeland Hancock ◽  
Sabato Santaniello
Keyword(s):  
Purkinje Cells ◽  
Cerebellar Cortex ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Cerebellar Neurons ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Repolarization Phase ◽  
Cerebellar Tdcs ◽  
Complex Spikes

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) of the cerebellum has rapidly raised interest but the effects of tDCS on cerebellar neurons remain unclear. Assessing the cellular response to tDCS is challenging because of the uneven, highly stratified cytoarchitecture of the cerebellum, within which cellular morphologies, physiological properties, and function vary largely across several types of neurons. In this study, we combine MRI-based segmentation of the cerebellum and a finite element model of the tDCS-induced electric field (EF) inside the cerebellum to determine the field imposed on the cerebellar neurons throughout the region. We then pair the EF with multicompartment models of the Purkinje cell (PC), deep cerebellar neuron (DCN), and granule cell (GrC) and quantify the acute response of these neurons under various orientations, physiological conditions, and sequences of presynaptic stimuli. We show that cerebellar tDCS significantly modulates the postsynaptic spiking precision of the PC, which is expressed as a change in the spike count and timing in response to presynaptic stimuli. tDCS has modest effects, instead, on the PC tonic firing at rest and on the postsynaptic activity of DCN and GrC. In Purkinje cells, anodal tDCS shortens the repolarization phase following complex spikes (-14.7 ± 6.5% of baseline value, mean ± S.D.; max: -22.7%) and promotes burstiness with longer bursts compared to resting conditions. Cathodal tDCS, instead, promotes irregular spiking by enhancing somatic excitability and significantly prolongs the repolarization after complex spikes compared to baseline (+37.0 ± 28.9%, mean ± S.D.; max: +84.3%). tDCS-induced changes to the repolarization phase and firing pattern exceed 10% of the baseline values in Purkinje cells covering up to 20% of the cerebellar cortex, with the effects being distributed along the EF direction and concentrated in the area under the electrode over the cerebellum. Altogether, the acute effects of tDCS on cerebellum mainly focus on Purkinje cells and modulate the precision of the response to synaptic stimuli, thus having the largest impact when the cerebellar cortex is active. Since the spatiotemporal precision of the PC spiking is critical to learning and coordination, our results suggest cerebellar tDCS as a viable therapeutic option for disorders involving cerebellar hyperactivity such as ataxia.

scholarly journals The Effect of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation and Core Stability Training on the Balance and Disability of Patients With Multiple Sclerosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-198
Author(s):  
Soudabeh Raeisi ◽  
◽  
Seyed Kazem Mousavi Sadati ◽  
Mojtaba Azimian ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Postural Control ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Vestibular System ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Core Stability ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Cerebellar Tdcs ◽  
Stability Training ◽  
Sensory Condition

Purpose: Physicians report balance disorders and fatigue as the symptoms of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) disease. The present study compares the effect of transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) and core stability training on the balance and disability of patients with MS. Methods: This is a pre-test, post-test experiment study. The statistical population included all patients with MS who reffered to Rofaydeh Rehabilitation Hospital in Tehran City, Iran, in the winter of 2019. A total of 30 male and female patients aged 27-70 years were selected through available and purposive sampling methods and then randomly divided into experimental and control groups (each group 15 persons). The initial measurements of the participants’ kinetic variables of postural control were carried out by the posturography device, and afterward, Kurtzke Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) was employed to measure disability. The participants’ training included core stability training for 8 weeks (30-40 min, 3 sessions per week) with 20 min online cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation, 2 sessions per week (The first and third sessions). Then, the research variables were measured again. Results: The results demonstrated the significant influence of cerebellar tDCS on the variables of postural control equilibrium in the second sensory condition (P<0.001), third sensory condition (P<0.001), fourth sensory condition (P<0.001), fifth sensory condition (P=0.034), and combine equilibrium (P<0.001). Besides, the cerebellar current stimulation enhanced the sensory performance of the experimental group in using the vestibular system input data (P<0.001) and vision (P<0.001), but it had no significant effect on the ability to use somatosensory input (P=0.203) and vision preference (P=0.343). This research also revealed that the cerebellar current stimulation decreased EDSS in MS patients (P=0.026). Conclusion: The cerebellar tDCS has a beneficial effect on balance, EDSS, and modified fatigue impact scale in MS patients. The study findings also indicate that the cerebellum, vestibular system, and visual system are related, and they have an impact on balance, and cerebellar stimulation can facilitate learning motor skills.

Combined brain Fe, Cu, Zn and neurometabolite analysis – a new methodology for unraveling the efficacy of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in appetite control

Metallomics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-405
Author(s):  
Agata Ziomber ◽  
Artur Dawid Surowka ◽  
Lucyna Antkiewicz-Michaluk ◽  
Irena Romanska ◽  
Pawel Wrobel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Direct Current ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Appetite Control ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
The Brain

A new methodology for a combined Fe, Cu, Zn and neurometabolite analysis in the brain is reported.

Working Memory Training and Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation

2019 ◽  
pp. 105-130
Author(s):  
Jacky Au ◽  
Martin Buschkuehl ◽  
Susanne M. Jaeggi
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Working Memory Training ◽  
Memory Training ◽  
Transcranial Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
The Brain

The aim of this chapter is to contribute to the discussion of the cognitive neuroscience of brain stimulation. In doing so, the authors emphasize work from their own laboratory that focuses both on working memory training and transcranial direct current stimulation. Transcranial direct current stimulation is one of the most commonly used and extensively researched methods of transcranial electrical stimulation. The chapter focuses on implementation of transcranial direct current stimulation to enhance and inform research on working memory training, and not on the underlying mechanisms of transcranial direct current stimulation. Thus, while respecting the intricacies and unknowns of the inner workings of electrical stimulation on the brain, the chapter relies on the premise that transcranial direct current stimulation is able to directly affect the electrophysiological profile of the brain and provides evidence that this in turn can influence behavior given the right parameters.

High intensity aerobic exercise does not prime the brain for anodal transcranial direct current stimulation

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1086-1088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashlee M. Hendy ◽  
Helen Macpherson ◽  
Nathan D. Nuzum ◽  
Paul A. Della Gatta ◽  
Sarah E. Alexander ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
The Brain

Anodal High-definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation over the Posterior Parietal Cortex Modulates Approximate Mental Arithmetic

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 862-876
Author(s):  
Matthias Hartmann ◽  
Sarah Singer ◽  
Branislav Savic ◽  
René M. Müri ◽  
Fred W. Mast
Keyword(s):  
Parietal Cortex ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Posterior Parietal Cortex ◽  
Mental Arithmetic ◽  
Cognitive Capacity ◽  
High Definition ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Posterior Parietal ◽  
Left And Right

The representation and processing of numerosity is a crucial cognitive capacity. Converging evidence points to the posterior parietal cortex (PPC) as primary “number” region. However, the exact role of the left and right PPC for different types of numerical and arithmetic tasks remains controversial. In this study, we used high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) to further investigate the causal involvement of the PPC during approximative, nonsymbolic mental arithmetic. Eighteen healthy participants received three sessions of anodal HD-tDCS at 1-week intervals in counterbalanced order: left PPC, right PPC, and sham stimulation. Results showed an improved performance during online parietal HD-tDCS (vs. sham) for subtraction problems. Specifically, the general tendency to underestimate the results of subtraction problems (i.e., the “operational momentum effect”) was reduced during online parietal HD-tDCS. There was no difference between left and right stimulation. This study thus provides new evidence for a causal involvement of the left and right PPC for approximate nonsymbolic arithmetic and advances the promising use of noninvasive brain stimulation in increasing cognitive functions.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document