Bioelectrical Impedance in Clinical Practice

DICP ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 23 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 548-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara J. Zarowitz ◽  
Alison M. Pilla
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Parameters ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Body Cell Mass ◽  
Body Cell

Bioelectrical impedance (BI) relies on the conduction of a low-voltage alternating current through the body. Lean tissue and fluids containing electrolytes conduct the current and cell membranes serve as capacitors and account for capacitive resistance. Fat and bone are poor conductors. Measurement of the voltage drop of the applied current yields resistance (R) and reactance (Xc). R and Xc are used with height, weight, age, and gender in a number of multiple regression relationships to predict body composition compartments such as fat-free mass, lean body mass, extracellular mass, and body cell mass. The technique has been compared with and validated against traditional measures of body composition analysis. In clinical practice, BI has been used to monitor fluid status in burn and dialysis patients, assess changes of body cell mass with nutritional repletion, and predict pharmacokinetic parameters and dose of theophylline and aminoglycoside antibiotics. BI is a noninvasive, safe, rapid, and reproducible technique with exciting potential in clinical practice.

scholarly journals Relação dos Parâmetros Derivados da Bioimpedância Elétrica com o Estado Nutricional de Pacientes em Hemodiálise

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 98
Author(s):  
Marilia Firmino De Castro Ribeiro ◽  
Juliana Megumi Nisio dos Reis ◽  
Ana Paula Bazanelli
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Phase Angle ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Cell Mass ◽  
Body Cell ◽  
The Mean

Os parâmetros não tradicionais derivados da bioimpedância elétrica (BIA) como reatância, ângulo de fase e massa celular estão cada vez sendo mais utilizados na prática clínica para auxiliar no diagnóstico nutricional dos pacientes com doença renal crônica e, consequentemente, no prognóstico clínico dessa população. O presente estudo teve por objetivo avaliar a relação dos parâmetros derivados da BIA com o estado nutricional de pacientes em hemodiálise. Estudo transversal, realizado com trinta pacientes adultos de uma clínica de Nefrologia localizada na região metropolitana de São Paulo. Foi utilizada a BIA para avaliar esses parâmetros, assim como para avaliar a composição corporal. A amostra foi constituída por homens e mulheres com média de idade de aproximadamente 56 anos. O ângulo de fase dos pacientes foi de 5,9±1,6 graus e apresentou uma correlação negativa com idade (r= -0,69, p< 0,001) e água corporal extracelular (r= -0,93 p< 0,001). A média de reatância foi de 50,9±16,08 ohms e apresentou correlação negativa com a água extracelular (r= -0,82, p<0,001) e positiva com a massa celular (r=0,51, p<0,004). Em relação ao percentual de massa celular, a média foi de 36,8± 6,1%, sendo que a mesma apresentou uma correlação negativa com a idade (r= -0,66, p< 0,001), gordura corporal (r= -0,73, p< 0,001), água corporal extracelular (r= -0,82, p<0,001).Conclui-se que os parâmetros não tradicionais derivados da BIA apresentaram boa associação com o estado nutricional dos pacientes, podendo dessa forma, serem aliados importantes para obtenção do melhor diagnóstico nutricional e, consequentemente, do prognóstico dos mesmos durante o tratamento dialítico.Palavras-chave: Bioimpedância Elétrica. Estado Nutricional. Diálise.AbstractNon-traditional parameters derived from bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) as reactance, phase angle and cell mass are increasingly being used in clinical practice to improve the nutritionalstatus of chronic kidney disease patients andthe clinical outcomes in this population. The present study aimed to evaluate the relationship of parameters derived from the BIA with nutritional status of hemodialysis patients. It was a cross-sectional study with 30 adultspatients of a nephrology clinic in the metropolitan region of São Paulo. BIA was used to evaluate as well as to assess the body composition. The mean age of the patients was approximately 56 years. The phase angle of the patients was 5.9 ± 1.6 degrees and it was negatively correlated with age (r = -0.69, p <0.001) andwith extracellular body water (r = -0.93 p <0.001). The mean reactance was 50.9 ± 16.08 ohms and it showed a negative correlation with the extracellular water (r = -0.82, p <0.001) and positively with the body cell mass (r = 0.51, p <0.004). Regarding to the percentage of body cell mass, the mean was 36.8 ± 6.1%, and it presented a negative correlation with age (r = -0.66, p <0.001), body fat (r = -0.73, p <0.001) and with body water extracellular (r = -0.82, p <0.001). The present study concluded that non-traditional parameters derived from BIA showed a good association with the nutritional status of hemodialysis patients. It is important for getting the best nutritional diagnosis and consequently the prognosis of these patientsduring the dialysis treatment.Keywords: Bioelectrical Impedance. Nutritional Status. Dialysis.

scholarly journals Effect of 12-Week Swimming Training on Body Composition in Young Women

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malgorzata Charmas ◽  
Wilhelm Gromisz
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Cell Mass ◽  
Swimming Training ◽  
Hip Circumference ◽  
Good Shape ◽  
Total Body

Background: Systematic physical activity can permanently prevent disadvantageous developments in the human body. This is very important especially for women, for whom the maintenance of a lean body in good shape is sometimes a primary consideration. However, in most cases, this activity is taken randomly and does not produce the desired effects such as reducing body fat. The purpose of the study was to evaluate changes in female body composition induced by 12 weeks of swimming training compared to sedentary controls. Methods: Training sessions occurred three times per week (60 min/session). Height, body mass, and waist/hip circumference and waist/hips ratio (WHR) were measured. Body cell mass (BCM), total body water (TBW), extracellular (ECW) and intracellular water (ICW), fat mass (FM), lean mass (FFM), and muscle mass (MM) were measured using bioelectrical impedance (pre/post). Results: Training elicited decreases in hip circumference and increase in WHR. No changes were recorded in BCM, TBW, ECW, ICW, FM, FFM, and MM. Controls experienced decreases in values of BCM, ICW, and MM and increases in ECW. Conclusion: The applied swimming training did not significantly affect the body composition parameters. Inactivity also triggered a tendency toward unhealthy movement of water from the intracellular to extracellular space.

Use of bioelectrical impedance analysis to determine body composition changes in HIV-associated wasting

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 307-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Klauke ◽  
Harald Fischer ◽  
Armin Rieger ◽  
Lukas Frühauf ◽  
Schlomo Staszewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Body Cell Mass ◽  
Body Cell ◽  
Wasting Syndrome ◽  
Composition Changes

AIDS wasting syndrome results in loss of lean body mass and body cell mass. This 12-week, open-label study used bioelectrical impedance analysis to measure body composition changes in 24 patients with AIDS wasting syndrome receiving recombinant human growth hormone (r-hGH). The primary endpoint was percentage monthly change in body weight before/after r-hGH. Secondary endpoints included change from baseline in body composition (bioelectrical impedance analysis), isometric strength and CD4+count. Twenty patients completed the study: r-hGH resulted in mean weight gains (+2.7%, P=0.146), and significant increases in mean body cell mass (+8.0%, P=0.0211), lean body mass (+4.8%, P=0.0373) and water (+5.5%, P<0.023). Body fat decreased throughout, but not significantly. r-hGH was generally well tolerated; the most frequent adverse events were fever (7.3%) and diarrhoea (6.3%). Thus, bioelectrical impedance analysis can detect improved body cell mass independent of changes in body weight resulting from r-hGH treatment in patients with AIDS wasting syndrome.

scholarly journals Changes in body composition depending on the rs1801282 PPARG polymorphism in patients with different variants of treatment of early carbohydrate metabolism disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
F. V. Valeeva ◽  
M. S. Medvedeva ◽  
K. B. Khasanova ◽  
T. S. Turtseva ◽  
T. S. Yilmaz
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Therapy Group ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Diet Therapy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Cell Mass ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Body Cell ◽  
Simple Carbohydrates

Objective: To study the effect of the rs1801282 PPARG polymorphism on changes in the body composition of patients with early carbohydrate metabolism disorders in groups with different variants of treatment.Materials and Methods: The study involved 64 patients (8 men and 56 women) with early carbohydrate metabolism disorders. At baseline, all patients underwent genotyping for the rs1801282 PPARG polymorphism and body composition determination with bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Then, the patients were divided into two groups depending on the type of therapy. The patients from Group 1 (40 subjects, mean age 45.2±15.4 years) kept a generally accepted diet with the exclusion of simple carbohydrates and limitation of complex carbohydrates and fats. The patients from Group 2 (24 subjects, mean age 51.2±14.5 years) took metformin in addition to the diet therapy. The effects of different types of treatment on body composition changes were assessed with follow-up BIA 3 months after the start of treatment.Results: Carriers of the mutant G allele of rs1801282 PPARG in the metformin and diet therapy group showed a significant increase in the content of body cell mass (1.28±0.51% vs 0.36±0.37%; P = 0.021) compared with CC homozygotes in the absence of differences in body weight changes (P > 0.05).Conclusions: The presence of the mutant allele G of rs1801282 PPARG promotes the increase in body cell mass in case of adding metformin to the diet therapy in patients with early carbohydrate metabolism disorders.

Article Commentary: Application of Bioelectrical Impedance to Clinical Assessment of Body Composition in Peritoneal Dialysis

2007 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 496-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham Woodrow ◽  
Yvette Devine ◽  
Mary Cullen ◽  
Elizabeth Lindley
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
Individual Subject

Patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD) develop complex changes in body composition. These changes reflect hydration, nutrition, and body fat, all important elements reflecting patient well-being and efficacy of therapy that should be assessed and monitored as guides to patient management. They are all notoriously difficult to accurately measure in clinical practice and simultaneous abnormalities may obscure detection, as in the malnourished fluid-overloaded patient where body weight is misleadingly stable. Malnutrition is a serious complication in PD that carries an adverse prognosis. Assessment of hydration in PD is important in determining “dry weight” to allow adjustment of dialysis prescription to optimize fluid balance. A number of techniques have been investigated to measure body composition in clinical practice. Of these, bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) has attracted most interest and seems to be of greatest promise. Cases illustrating different aspects of the use of BIA in PD patients are described, and the background, possible uses, and limitations of BIA in PD patients are discussed. To be of clinical value, BIA must be used to distinguish between extracellular water (which reflects hydration) and body cell mass, or intracellular water (which declines in wasting and malnutrition). The high precision of BIA is ideally suited to detecting changes in body composition and its main role may be in longitudinal monitoring. However, inaccuracy of absolute measurements and variability of normal values in the general population make precise diagnosis of the degree of normality of body composition in an individual subject a more difficult task for body composition analysis.

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